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Yamauchi, Toshimasa,Hara, Kazuo,Maeda, Shiro,Yasuda, Kazuki,Takahashi, Atsushi,Horikoshi, Momoko,Nakamura, Masahiro,Fujita, Hayato,Grarup, Niels,Cauchi, Stephane,Ng, Daniel P K,Ma, Ronald C W,Tsunoda, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 Nature genetics Vol.42 No.10
We conducted a genome-wide association study of type 2 diabetes (T2D) using 459,359 SNPs in a Japanese population with a three-stage study design (stage 1, 4,470 cases and 3,071 controls; stage 2, 2,886 cases and 3,087 controls; stage 3, 3,622 cases and 2,356 controls). We identified new associations in UBE2E2 on chromosome 3 and in C2CD4A-C2CD4B on chromosome 15 at genome-wide significant levels (rs7612463 in UBE2E2, combined P = 2.27 ? 10<SUP>??9</SUP>; rs7172432 in C2CD4A-C2CD4B, combined P = 3.66 ? 10<SUP>??9</SUP>). The association of these two loci with T2D was replicated in other east Asian populations. In the European populations, the C2CD4A-C2CD4B locus was significantly associated with T2D, and a combined analysis of all populations gave P = 8.78 ? 10<SUP>??14</SUP>, whereas the UBE2E2 locus did not show association to T2D. In conclusion, we identified two new loci at UBE2E2 and C2CD4A-C2CD4B associated with susceptibility to T2D.
Son, S.,Ko, S.K.,Kim, J.W.,Lee, J.K.,Jang, M.,Ryoo, I.J.,Hwang, G.J.,Kwon, M.C.,Shin, K.S.,Futamura, Y.,Hong, Y.S.,Oh, H.,Kim, B.Y.,Ueki, M.,Takahashi, S.,Osada, H.,Jang, J.H.,Ahn, J.S. Pergamon Press 2016 Phytochemistry Vol.122 No.-
Twelve metabolites, including five highly oxygenated azaphilones, geumsanols A-E, along with seven known analogues were isolated from Penicillium sp. KCB11A109, a fungus derived from a ginseng field. Their structures were assigned by spectroscopic means (NMR and MS), and stereochemistries were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses (<SUP>1</SUP>H-<SUP>1</SUP>H coupling constants, NOESY, and HETLOC) and chemical derivatizations (modified Mosher's method and acetonide formation). The isolates were evaluated for their anticancer, antimicrobial, antimalarial activities, and phenotypic effects in zebrafish development. Of these compounds possessing no pyranoquinone core, only geumsanol E exhibited cytotoxic activities and toxic effects on zebrafish embryos, suggesting that a double bond at C-11 and C-12 is important for biological activity.
C. J. Yoon,H. Akikawa,K. Aoki,Y. Fukao,H. Funahashi,M. Hayata,K. Imai,K. Miwa,H. Okada,N. Saito,H. D. Sato,K. Shoji,H. Takahashi,K. Taketani,J. Asai,M. Kurosawa,M. Ieiri,T. Hayakawa,T. Kishimoto,A. Sa 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
We determined scattering length and effective range of ΛΛ scattering for the ΛΛ relative energy (M_(ΛΛ)-2M_Λ) from ΛΛ threshold to 30 MeV/c_2. Phase shift of the ΛΛ wave function which described by scattering length and effective range was determined by fitting the ΛΛ mass spectrum. The obtained scattering length -0.10^(+0.37)_(-1.56) ± 0.04, and effective range 13.90 ^(+14.35)_(-9.13) ± 10.53 fm is the most consistent with the values predicted by using a series of the Nijmegen soft core models NSC97's. However the predicted values by using the Nijmegen hard core model ND (G-matrix), the extended soft core model ESC00, and the Kyoto-Niigata FSS are out of three standard deviations from the determined scattering parameters. Further, we determine ΛΛ potential by fitting the ΛΛ invariant mass spectrum using numerically solved ΛΛ wave function with two-Gaussian shaped potential well. The ΛΛ scattering parameters derived from the wave function are found to be scattering length -0.09, and effective range 29.34 fm with a maximum phase shift of 2.4 deg.
Takahashi, Toshitake,Nichols, Patricia,Takei, Kuniharu,Ford, Alexandra C,Jamshidi, Arash,Wu, Ming C,Ning, C Z,Javey, Ali IOP Pub 2012 Nanotechnology Vol.23 No.4
<P>Spatially composition-graded CdS<SUB>x</SUB>Se<SUB>1−x</SUB> (x = 0–1) nanowires are grown and transferred as parallel arrays onto Si/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates by a one-step, directional contact printing process. Upon subsequent device fabrication, an array of tunable-wavelength photodetectors is demonstrated. From the spectral photoconductivity measurements, the cutoff wavelength for the device array, as determined by the bandgap, is shown to cover a significant portion of the visible spectrum. The ability to transfer a collection of crystalline semiconductor nanowires while preserving the spatially graded composition may enable a wide range of applications, such as tunable lasers and photodetectors, efficient photovoltaics, and multiplexed chemical sensors.</P>
Takahashi, N.,Kajihara, T.,Okamura, C.,Kim, Y.,Katagiri, Y.,Okushima, Y.,Matsunaga, S.,Hwang, I.,Umeda, M. Current Biology Ltd ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Current biology Vol.23 No.18
Plant roots respond to various internal and external signals and adjust themselves to changes of environmental conditions. In the root meristem, stem cells produce daughter cells that continue to divide several times. When these latter cells reach the transition zone, they stop dividing and enter the endocycle, a modified cell cycle in which DNA replication is repeated without mitosis or cytokinesis. The resultant DNA polyploidization, named endoreduplication, is usually associated with an increase of nuclear and cell volume and with cell differentiation [1-4]. At the transition zone, cytokinin signaling activates two transcription factors, type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1) and ARR12, and induces SHY2/IAA3, a member of the Aux/IAA family of auxin signaling repressors. This inhibits auxin signaling and reduces the expression of auxin efflux carriers, resulting in cell division arrest [5]. Such counteracting actions of two hormones are assumed to determine meristem size. However, it remains unknown whether cytokinins additionally control meristem size through an auxin-independent pathway. Here we show that, in Arabidopsis, the cytokinin-activated ARR2 directly upregulates the expression of CCS52A1, which encodes an activator of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) [6], thereby promoting the onset of the endocycle and restricting meristem size. Our genetic data revealed that CCS52A1 function is independent of SHY2-mediated control of auxin signaling, indicating that downregulation of auxin signaling and APC/C-mediated degradation of cell-cycle regulators cooperatively promote endocycle onset, and thus fine tune root growth.
Search for theH-dibaryon resonance inC12(K−,K+ΛΛX)
Yoon, C. J.,Akikawa, H.,Aoki, K.,Fukao, Y.,Funahashi, H.,Hayata, M.,Imai, K.,Miwa, K.,Okada, H.,Saito, N.,Sato, H. D.,Shoji, K.,Takahashi, H.,Taketani, K.,Asai, J.,Kurosawa, M.,Ieiri, M.,Hayakawa, T. American Physical Society 2007 PHYSICAL REVIEW C - Vol.75 No.2
김도진,C. G. Kim,C. S. Kim,D. Djayaprawira,H. Kim,H. C. Lee,J. B. Park,K. H. Kim,K. J. Lee,M. Takahashi,S. H. Yoo,Y. E. Ihm 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.III
We successfully grew GaN and GaMnN thin films on GaAs(100) and sapphire substrates at low temperatures using a new single GaN precursor, Et$_2$Ga(N$_3$)NH$_2$CH$_3$. The growth surface was monitored {\it in-situ} by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). RMS roughness of the grown GaN films was about 4 nm. The structural and magnetic properties of the GaMnN films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, conductivity measurement, Hall-effect measurement, and superconducting quantum interference device measurement (SQUID). The GaMnN films revealed p-type conduction carriers. In the homogeneous GaMnN layers having no second phase peaks in XRD, the magnetization measurements showed a clear ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 300 K with coercivity $\sim$ 100 Oe. This is the first observation of room temperature ferromagnetism in p-type GaMnN.
Kim, Jin C.,Takahashi, Keiichi,Yu, Chang S.,Kim, Hee C.,Kim, Tae W.,Ryu, Min H.,Kim, Jong H.,Mori, Takeo Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2007 Annals of surgery Vol.246 No.5
OBJECTIVE:: To evaluate comparative outcome between adjuvant postoperative chemoradiotherapy (postoperative CRT) and lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD) following total mesorectal excision (TME) in rectal cancer patients. BACKGROUND:: Although TME results in lower rate of locoregional recurrence compared with conventional surgery, these 2 treatment modalities following TME have not adequately been appraised until the present trend of preoperative chemoradiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS:: Between 1995 and 2000, patients with stage II and III rectal cancer underwent TME plus postoperative CRT (n = 309) or LPLD (n = 176). Patients in the postoperative CRT group received 8 cycles of 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin and 45 Gy pelvic radiotherapy. Patients in the LPLD group underwent lateral lymph node dissection outside the pelvic plexus. RESULTS:: The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 78.3% and 67.3% in the postoperative CRT group, respectively, and 73.9% and 68.6% in the LPLD group, respectively, without significant differences between these groups. Patients in the LPLD group with stage III lower rectal cancer had a locoregional recurrence rate 2.2-fold greater than those in the postoperative CRT group (16.7% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.044). Multivariate analysis showed that APR and advanced T-category (T4) were significantly associated with locoregional recurrence, whereas lymph node metastases, high preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen, and APR were significantly associated with shortening of disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS:: Postoperative-CRT and LPLD following TME resulted in comparable survival rates, but the locoregional recurrence rate was higher in the LPLD group. These findings suggest that initial surgery is appropriate for rectal cancer patients who are candidates for low anterior resection without extensive local disease (T1–T3), regardless of lymph node status.