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Gene Expression of Arginine Vasotocin in Ovarian and Uterine Tissues of the Chicken
Saito, N.,Grossmann, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.5
The hypothalamus is the classic site of synthesis of arginine vasotocin as neurohypophyseal hormone in the chicken. However, high concentrations of arginine vasotocin were also measured in ovarian tissues by radioimmunoassay. At first, we observed specific positive signal of mRNA encoding AVT in the hypothalamus by Northern hybridization. However, we could not find any specific bands in ovarian and uterine tissues. For evidence of transcription of the arginine vasotocin gene ingonadal tissues of the chicken, this study has applied the polymerase chain reaction as a highly sensitive assay. The hypothalamus, the four largest preovulatory ovarian follicles and the shell gland (uterus) were collected at 4 h and 20 h before oviposition. The ovarian follicular tissues were separated into granulose theca interns and theca externa layers. The uterine tissues were separated into myometrium and endometrium The extracted mRNA was converted to cDNA by reverse-transcriptase using oligo-$d(T)_{15}$ primer. Then, the cDNA was amplified by Vent polymerase and arginine vasotocin specific primers. The amplification reaction was incubated by 30 cycles successively, $95^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$ and $72^{\circ}C$ earth for 1 min. Te comparisons of the mRNA levels encoding arginine vasotocin between the tissues were determined by semi-quantification methods. After amplification of the cDNA, the PCR products were detected in hypothalamus, ovarian tissues and uterine tissues. The results of semi-quantification showed that the levels of arginine vasotocin mRNA in ovarian iud uterine tissues were about from 1/50 to 1/1000 when compared to that in the hypothalamus. The very low levels of mRNA encoding arginine vasotocin in ovarian and uterine tissues probably led us to conclude that arginine vasotocin may play a role of local mediate acting autocrine and/or paracrine.
Electron heating experiment using the high harmonic fast wave on LHD
hiroshi Kasahara,K. Saito,N. Takeuchi,R. Kumazawa,T. Seki,T. Mutoh,T. Oosako,Y. Takase 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
Electron heating experiments using the High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) were performed on the Large Helical Device (LHD). An electron temperature increase from 2.5 keV to 3.6 keV by 1.2 MW of HHFW was observed when both ECH and NBI were used to create a target plasma with high stored energy and electron temperature. When ECH works effectively, the electron density is pumped out, but the rate of decrease of the electron density is reduced when HHFW heating is applied. This result indicates that HHFW is absorbed effectively when the central electron temperature and electron beta are high enough, and suggests that parallel heating of electrons by HHFW reduces electron density pump out caused by perpendicular electron heating by ECH. According to a 1-D calculation, raising the density is more effective for improving singlepass damping than raising the temperature. According to a 2-D full-wave calculation, electron damping occurs in an off-axis region at low density, but wave fields become more concentrated in the core and absorption becomes more centrally localized at high density.e
Sechman, A.,Shimada, K.,Saito, N.,Ieda, T.,Ono, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1996 Animal Bioscience Vol.9 No.1
The present study was conducted to investigate the role of thyroid hormones in the regulation of gene expression of calbindin-$D_{28k}$ (CaBP-D28K) in the chicken. By employing slot blot and RIA analyses, levels of CABP-D28K mRNA and CaBP-D28K protein in the intestine, kidney, cerebellum and liver were measured 6 and 12 h after i.m. injection of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ [1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$; 250 ng/chick] and 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine ($T_3$; 500 ng/chick) in one-day-old chicks. The abundant messages of CaBP-D28K mRNA were detected in the intestine, kidney and cerebellum while there was little message in the liver. After 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ treatment (6 + 12 hours), levels of CaBP-D28K mRNA increased in the intestine, but there was no change in the mRNA levels in the kidney and cerebellum. Although $T_3$ alone had no effect on CaBP-D28K mRNA levels, simultaneous administration of $T_3$ enhanced the 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ effect of levels of CaBP-D28K mRNA in the intestine both 6 and 12 h post-treatment, and in the kidney 12 h post-treatment. At a protein level, co-treatment with 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ and $T_3$ elicited a significant increase in CaBP-D28K expression in the intestine 12 h post-treatment, as compared to treatment with only 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$, whereas no differences were observed in the CaBP-D28K protein levels in the kidney and cerebellum. These results suggest that thyroid hormones may play a synergistic role with 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ for CaBP-D28K gene expression in the intestine and kidney in chicks.
Simulation of a Polarimeter for a Spin - Polarized Positron Beam
J. H. Kim,F. Saito,N. Suzuki,L. Wei,Y. Nagashima,T. Kurihara,A. Goto,Y. Itoh,Y. S. Lee,T. Hyodo 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2002 Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology Vol.6 No.3
A performance of a new positron polarimeter is investigated by simulation using a charged-particle trajectory program. The results of the ray tracing are presented along with the details of the design parameters and projected system performance. A ray tracing analysis indicates that this design is capable of effectively transmitting positrons at beam energies varying from 0.1 to 30 keV within the beam diameter of 2-6 ㎜. However, the observed reflection of the positrons(1ower than 2 keV) at 12 kGauss indicated that further refinement of beam design is needed to produce a better positron polarimeter.
Pump-Probe Study of Carrier-Spin Injection in a Diluted Magnetic Double Quantum Well of CdMnTe/CdTe
A. Murayama,K. Nishibayashi,N. Kono,K. Saito,I. Souma,Y. Oka 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1
We study the dynamics of carrier-spin injection in a diluted magnetic semiconductor double quantum well (DMS-DQW) of CdMnTe/CdTe by means of pump-probe absorption spectroscopy. The time dependences of the absorption saturation intensity show the injection dynamics of spinpolarized electrons and heavy holes (hhs) from the DMS-CdMnTe into the non-magnetic CdTe wells, where separate tunneling of the electron and the hh is directly elucidated with time constants of 150 ps and 1 ns, respectively. The degree of circular polarization P of the absorption saturation increases from 0 to 70 ps after pumping in the non-magnetic CdTe well, which is caused by the injection of polarized electron spins in the DMS well. We observe a systematic dependence of the rise time of P on the magnetic eld. The faster polarization of the electron spin in the DMS well results in a faster electron-spin injection. The electron's spin polarization is accelerated in the DMS well by LO-phonon scattering at 6 T, where the electron spin splitting is close to the one-LO-phonon energy, which enables us to demonstrate a fast electron-spin injection with a time constant of 10 ps. We study the dynamics of carrier-spin injection in a diluted magnetic semiconductor double quantum well (DMS-DQW) of CdMnTe/CdTe by means of pump-probe absorption spectroscopy. The time dependences of the absorption saturation intensity show the injection dynamics of spinpolarized electrons and heavy holes (hhs) from the DMS-CdMnTe into the non-magnetic CdTe wells, where separate tunneling of the electron and the hh is directly elucidated with time constants of 150 ps and 1 ns, respectively. The degree of circular polarization P of the absorption saturation increases from 0 to 70 ps after pumping in the non-magnetic CdTe well, which is caused by the injection of polarized electron spins in the DMS well. We observe a systematic dependence of the rise time of P on the magnetic eld. The faster polarization of the electron spin in the DMS well results in a faster electron-spin injection. The electron's spin polarization is accelerated in the DMS well by LO-phonon scattering at 6 T, where the electron spin splitting is close to the one-LO-phonon energy, which enables us to demonstrate a fast electron-spin injection with a time constant of 10 ps.