제1형 당뇨병 환자에서 췌도세포 동종이식의 반복시행

양태영,정인경,서인아,오은영,조건영,오승훈,김성주,정재훈,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,도영수,주성욱 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.4

연구배경:췌도세포 이식은 시술이 간편하고 안전하기 때문에 반복이식이 가능하여 그 동안 여러 센터에서 반복이식의 성공을 보고한 바 있다. 국내에서도 본 병원을 비롯하여 몇몇 센터에서 췌도세포 이식이 활발히 시도되고 있으나 사람에서의 동종이식 및 동종 이식의 반복시행은 보고된 바 없는 실정이다. 저자 등은 국내 최초로 췌도세포 동종이식을 시행하여, 혈청 C­펩타이드가 증가하고 인슐린 요구량이 감소하였으며, 혈당농도와 당화혈색소의 안정을 보였다. 그러나 이식 70일 후 다시 인슐린 요구량이 증가하고 C­펩타이드가 감소하여 췌도세포 이식을 다시 시행한 바 있다. 2차 이식 후 70여일이 지난 현재 다시 혈청 C­펩타이드가 증가하고, 인슐린 요구량이 더 감소되어 췌도세포 이식에서 반복 시행의 유용성을 보고하는 바이다. 방법:환자는 32세 남자로 17년전 당뇨병 진단 후 인슐린 치료 중이었으며, 3년전 부터는 만성신부전증으로 혈액툭석을 하고있었다. 1999년 12월 25일 신장이식을 하였고 3일 후 췌도이식을 하였으며, 두번째 이식은 70일 후 시행하였다. 췌도분리는 변형된 Recordi방법과 비연속성 자당 농도차(discontinuous density gradient)를 이용하였으며 분리한 췌도는 배양 후 환자의 신장기능이 정상화되고 미생물학 검사에서 음성을 확인한 후 경피경간으로 간문맥을 접근하여 16G 폴리 에틸렌 카테터를 이용하여 간실질에 이식하였다. 결과:1차 췌도이식시 순수분리전 췌도수는 210,000개, 순수분리후 획득한 췌도수는 90,000개, 순도 95%, 세포양 1.0mL 이었고, 2차 췌도이식시 순수분리전 췌도수는 420,000개, 순수분리후 획득한 췌도수는 370,000개, 순도 95%, 세포양 1.5mL 이었다. 1,2차 모두 간문맥을 통해 약 20분에 걸쳐 간실질에 주입하였다. 췌도이식전 인슐린요구량은 75∼75U/일, HbA1e 8∼10%, C­펩타이드 0.6ng/mL 였으며, 1차 췌도이식수 7일째 인슐린 요구량은 40U/일, C­펩타이드 1.5ng/mL, FPS 109mg/mL 였고, 40일 추적관찰 후 인슐린 요구량이 36U/일, C­펩타이드 1.8ng/mL, HbA1e 6.5∼7.0%로 안정되었다. 그러나 이식 50일째부터 인슐린 요구량이 50∼56U/일, C­펩타이드 0.6ng/mL, FPS 130∼200mg/dL로 혈당 조절이 불안정하여 다시 췌도이식을 시행하였다. 2차 이식후 50일이 경과한 현재, 인슐린 요구량은 26U/일, C­펩타이드 1.8ng/mL, FPS 90∼120mg/dL로 다시 안정되었다. 결론:췌도이식은 반복이식이 가능하며, 본 환자의 경우 인슐린요구량 감소, 혈당의 안정화 및 C­펩타이드가 상승하여 이식한 췌도의 기능을 확인할 수 있었고, 향후 스테로이드 등 면역억제가 유지 용량으로 감량되면 인슐린 요구량은 더 감소될 것으로 기대된다. Over the past 20 years, significant advances have been made in human islet transplantation. However, cases of prolonged insulin independence after islet allotransplantation have rarely been reported and over time, a slight, gradual decrease in insulin secretion appears to occur, as suggested by the lower C-peptide. Although preliminary clinical success achieved over the past few years has been considerably higher with whole pancreatic transplant than with isolated islet grafts, both approaches remain experimental. Islet grafts might gain, over time, increasing credibility and might eventually provide an easier alternative in terms of grafting procedures and patient management, as compared with the more "traumatizing" whole-pancreas transplantation. Also, using islet, re-transplantation is possible. But it is not known whether re-transplantation of islet could be suitable for those patients who lost grafted islet function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of re-transplantation of islet in previously simultaneous islets-kidney transplant (SIK) patient who have lost graft function. Methods : The recipient was a 32 year old male. First islet transplantation was underwent at December 25, 1999. However, the grafted islets lost function after 70 days. So we performed re-transplantation of islets. The isolation of islet was conducted sterilely on a laminarflow hood and isolated by a modified Recordimethod. The islet was injected slowly into the liver via a cannular placed in the potalvein for 20 minutes. Results : Transplanted islets were 90,000 IEq at first islet transplantation, 370,000 IEq at second islet transplantation. The insulin requirement was reduced from 75-85 to 35-40 U/day, the basal C-peptide level was 1.5 ng/mL at 7 days posttransplant Unfortunately, the grafted islets lost function after 70 days. After second transplantation, the insulin requirement was reduced to 26 U/day. Conclusions : Despite the continuous need for exogenous insulin therapy, islet transplantation can prevent wide glucose fluctuations, thus resulting in normalization of glycemic control and improvement in HbAlc, and also, show that islets can be successfully and safely re-transplanted intraportally in patients who have lost previously grafted islet function (J Kor Diabetes Asso 457~466, 2000).

국어의 자음군 단순화 현상 : 최적성 이론을 중심으로

문양수 서울대학교 인문학연구소 2000 人文論叢 Vol.44 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to show how all types of consDnant cluster simplification(CCS) in Korean can be explained in a unified mode applying OT. According to CCS, one of the two consonants in a coda must be deleted in order not to violate the *Complex. It is the focus of this study to explode the consonants which are preserved. Generally, language universally and in other phonological processes in Korean, the syllable codas prefer the consonant of the higher sonorant if that syllable can not be an open syllable. Contrariwise, the Korean undergoes simplification by displaying a different pattem : simplified oodas prefEr the less sonorant consonant of the peripheral place. Thus, Nocoda-sonorant is low-ranked. This study claims that morphologically-based constraint(Parse-peripherality) is the main factor in determining CCS so that selected peripherals preserve the morpheme of the stern and eliminate the possibility of the non-peripheral coda being assimilated by the 1311owing onset. If morphological constraints can not decide a candidate, then phenological constraints evaluate the optimal oueut.

우리나라 공동주택의 환경친화성 평가 및 한계 연구

문수영,양윤재 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The Goal of this study is to evaluate the environmental status of multi-family housing and to analyze the grade of applying environmentally friendly design guide to multi-family housing in Seoul. For this study, it needs to investigate multi-family housing which has more than 300 houses in one's estate and was built after 1995. Among 330 estates which were investigated, 250 estates were allegedly to be built as "Environmentally Friendly Housing". From 250 estates, 4 multi-family housings are selected and investigated for this study.

전통적 역사 언어학 연구의 문제점 몇가지 : 어휘통계학(lexicostatistics)과 유츄(analogy)를 중심으로

문양수 한국외국어대학교 외국어 종합연구센터 언어연구소 1976 언어와 언어학 Vol.4 No.-

제주도의 귀화식물에 관한 재검토

양영환,박수현,김문홍 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2001 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

This study was conducted to know about the distribution of naturalized plants growing in Jejudo. A field survey and flora lists of relevant literatures were also investigated. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. Definition of naturalized plants was determined in this study as “non-native species in Korea which have been introduced anthropogenically or naturally and can reproduce and survive in wild habitats by themselves.” 2. It was suggested that the number of naturalized plants in Jejudo were 31 families, 110 genera, 183 taxa including 174 species, 9 varieties. Family Compositae and Gramineae covered 23% and 15% of naturalized plants, respectively. 3. The number of naturalized plants in Jejudo were 183 taxa : 96 taxa in the whole south Korea, 37 taxa in the southern part of Korea, 13 taxa in the central part of Korea, and 36 taxa only in Jeju.

국어의 불규칙활용에 관한 음운론적 연구

문양수 弘益大學校 1977 弘大論叢 Vol.9 No.-

This work is an attempt to analyze the so-called irregular verbal conjugations of Korean and to find a consistent solution to account for the irregularities of verbs and adjectives. Choi(1937) simply shows that there are twelve classes of irregular verbals, treating them as exceptions. Recent studies which are in the framework of generative phonology claim that most of these irregular conjugations should not be treated as irregular. Some of these studies, however, do not cover all the irregularities. In this paper, by positing two different underlying representations for regular and irregular verbs an adjective we are able to claim that most of these irregularities can be handled without accepting anomalous verbals. We also need to have some phonological rules and to posit underlying representations of some affixes which are different from the traditional ones. We, therefore, have the underlying representations /b/, /d/, /z/ for b-,d-,s-irregular verbals respectively, whereas /p/,/t/, /s/ for the regular verbals. In order to account for l-irregular an h-irregular /i/ as a initial vowel should be added to the affixes like -ni, -pnita, -se, etc. For le-and i-irregular conjugations we need the underlying representations-/-lili-/ and/-lli-/respectively.c

유방초음파 검사의 유용성에 대한 연구

문양인,김병학,명화련,도윤수,김계환,손정훈,김미회 한국건강관리협회 2000 건협 Report Vol.3 No.-

初期現代英語의 音韻發達

文洋秀 弘益大學校 1981 弘大論叢 Vol.13 No.-

This study is an attempt to describe and interpret, within the framework of generative phonology, all major changes of the phonemic system of Early Modern English. In addition, I will discuss different varieties according to time, region, and social group, etc. and a number of features of Early Modern English. Here I am taking Early Modern English to be the English language between 1500 and 1700. The most important development in the sound system of English that took place during this period was a change in the values of all long vowels. The two highest Middle English front and back vowels, ???? and ???? respectively, became sounds known as diphthongs. The other long vowels were raised in their articulation. These changes in the quality of the long vowels constitute what is known as the Great Vowel Shift. Rather than seeking an explanation of the Great Vowel Shift in terms of Drag Chain and Push Chain, I suggest that we have to understand linguistic change as rule change and in particular as simplification of a rule in the grammar. Without the conception of grammar as a system of rules and without the conception of longuistic change as grammar change, we see nothing at all comprehiesible about drag chain phenomena. There are four different views on the development stages of Middle English /????/ and /????/ which were diphthongized into /ay/ and /aw/ respectively in Modern English. 1) ????>iy>ey>????y>ay ????>uw>ow>????w>aw 2) ????>iy>ey>????y>????y ????>uw>ow>????w>????w 3) ????>iy>????y>ay ????>uw>????w>aw 4) ????>iy>????y>ay ????>uw>iw>????w>aw Among them I think that the first view (1) is a sound one in generative phonology. In Late Middle English there were seven long vowel phonemes. Of the seven long vowels, four, i.e. /i,e,ε,a/, were front vowels and three back, i.e. /????,o,u/. These vowels underwent a systematic change of realization, called the Great Vowel Shift as we have seen it previously. The six short vowel phonemes, i.e. /i,e,a,o,u,???/, in Late Middle Engligh have changed little during the Early Modern English period, compared with the long vowels. The development of the diphthongs of Late Middle English, i.e. iu, eu, au, ai, ou, ui, can be summarized as follows. In the course of this period, all the Middle English diphthongs except oi and ui ceased to be diphthongs. On the other hand, two new diphthongs had arisen from Middle English ???? and ????. But since Middle English ???? and ui became identical, there were only three diphthong phonemes at the end of this period, namely /ai/, /au/ and /???i/. This paper also deals with the influence of the consonant /r/, which affected preceding vowels, and the simplification of consonant clusters briefly. When Early Modern English period opened, there were 22 consonant phonemes. But some scholars claim that tin the course of this period two more phonemes arose, namely /???/ and /????/. However I am going to propose that only one phoneme, namely /????/ arose and that [????] should be described phonologically as /ng/, which still required the following two rules in early Modern English. {k} 1. n→????/----{g} 2. g→Φ/????----# Ⅰ. 머리말 Ⅱ. 초기현대영어의 특색과 다양성 Ⅲ. 대모음전이 Ⅳ. 음운의 발달 Ⅴ. 맺음말

英語學 硏究史考

文洋秀 弘益大學校 1983 弘大論叢 Vol.15 No.1

In this paper I have attempted to give a brief account of the history of English linguistic studies up to the development of Transformational -generative grammar, the publication of Chomsky's Syntactic Structures. I am going to review the history of the English language briefly as well. I do not, however, propose to treat all the English linguistic studies in their chronological sequence. English linguistic studies began during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. At that time a few very small and rather poor grammars of English were written. It wasn't, however, until the middle of the 18th century that the first widely respeced English dictionary and the first detailed English grammar were published. A number of structural linguists, greatly encouraged by their success and newly dedicated to the methods of structural analysis, turned their attention to writing a structural grammar of English. In 1957, at the height of structuralism's influence on linguistic studies, Noam Chomsky published a book which challenged many of the basic beliefs of the linguistic establishment.

音韻論의 發達

文洋秀 弘益大學校 1984 弘大論叢 Vol.16 No.1

Phonology is characterized as a relatively recent discipline. I would like to start the first chapter by introducing two forerunners of phonological theory, although we are able to trace it all the way back to Indian grammarians as well as Greek grammarians. They are Courtenay and de Saussure who had contributed indirectly most to the development of phonological theory. This work deals with the phoneme concepts of various Schools and the distinctive feature theory which is extensively elaborated by Roman Jakobson. Different views of the phoneme are as follows; 1) the view of assigning sounds to phonemes on the basis of their distributional properties 2) the view of assigning on the basis of their function within a system of oppositions 3) the view of considering the phoneme as a psychological sound unit. Around 1930, different phonological theories were framed almost simultaneously in different centers and their theories were developed in different directions. This paper deals with the development of phonological theory of various schools including transformational-generative phonology. Recently the non-linear phonological theory is being developed reacting against the linear phonological theory. I become interested in giving a short survey of this new theory. This work does not claim to give new contributions to phonological theory but only to summarize the characteristics of the various phonological trends and to account for the connections between them.