중년 여성의 하반신 체형 분석에 관한 연구

함옥상,심정희,박장숙 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2002 科學論集 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study is to analysis somatotype of middle-aged women's lower body, the actual numerical figures of subjects' body were analyzed Second, using some important factors of shaping the lower body, all the data were categorized into several distinctive types. The results of the study are as follows. 1. Seven factors were derived from analyzing the data gathered by actually measuring the subjects' body. Factor 1 is the length of lower half of the body, factor 2 is the thickness of waist and abdomen, factor 3 is the thickness of the calf and ankle, factor 4 is the thickness of hip and thigh, factor 5 is the thickness of knees, factor 6 is the length of hip and back depth, factor 7 is the width of hip and thigh. 2. On a basis of analyzing the above factors, all the subjects were classified into four distinctive types. Type 1 can be characterized as the shortest and the stoutest type, which has a heavy waist, prominent abdomen, large hip and thigh, while the calves and the ankles are thin. Type 2 is generally long and thin type whose length of hip and back depth is quite short while the thickness of things is the slimmest of all types. Type 3 is tall but the length of hip and back depth is the longest of all and the thickness of hop and thigh is also high. Type 4 is comparatively medium-length and medium-build, however, the length of hip and back depth is the shortest of all types, while the thickness of calf and ankle is the thickest of all. 4. Age distribution for each type is shown as follows: Type 1 is most liable in the age group of 50∼54, and then in 45∼49, 40∼44. Type 2 is most likely in the age group of 45∼49, and then in 50∼54, 40∼44. Type 3 is mostly found in the age group of 40∼44, and then 50∼54, 45∼49. Finally, type 4 is close to the age group 40∼44, and then 45∼49, but is far from the age group 50∼54. 4. These are the ranges of Ro¨hrer's Index according to the types. Type 1 is mostly shown in heavy-builders, and then medium-builders, which is hardly found in thin people. Type 2 is usually found in medium-builders, and then in this people. Type 3 is the same as type 2 Type 4 is also mostly found in medium-builders, and then in heavy-builders.

중년여성의 체형별 원피스 드레스 원형 연구

함옥상,심정희 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1997 科學論集 Vol.23 No.-

AbstractThis study aims at the new pattern drafting of one-piece dress on the basis of chages in the middle-aged woman's body types. After making one-piece dress pattern based on the study, compared the new study pattern with the existing pattern through the sensory test. The results were as follows ; 1. According to the result of the basic pattern of this study, the problems in one-piece dress of middle-aged women are the sulplus in the girth of waist, abdomen, hips and position and the length of dart. Therefore in the basic pattern of this study, the thin body has 0.5cm sulplus of hip size in the front, back and side lines. The standard body has 0.3cm of the waist size and the fat body has 0.5cm of waist size and 1cm of the hip size. The length of dart, owing to the remarkable increase of the abdomen size, need not reach down to the hip line, so it is raised about 3cm in the thin body, 4cm in the standard body and 5.5cm in the fat body. The position of back dart is lowred 1.5cm from armhole line. Besides, the B.P. of the fat body is rearranged proceeding 1cm to the armholes from the bisection point of the breast width and skirt sags in the front in order to revise the lifting of the hem line. 2. The items to show notable differences after the test of the appearance of the design are the entire appearance, the waist, abdomen and hip lines, the position and length of dart. Also, in the sensory test, the basic design of this study to consider the characteristic of woman's body and sulplus and the position of dart showed notable differences. According to the above test, the new pattern of this study is more suitable for human body than the already existing pattern.

중년 여성의 체형에 관한 연구 : 40∼55세 주부를 중심으로 House wives between 40s and 55s

沈貞希,咸玉相 한국의류학회 1996 한국의류학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The pourpose of this study is to determine the exact size which can be the basic elements of the fashion design with the measurement of middle-aged women's body, and to grasp the peculiar somato type of the middle-aged women by comparing each measurement and examing the change of body shape. Making 215 house wives about 40 to 55 years old the subject of this research, we measured the body size from June to August, 1994. After analyzing the data through the 43 items of the body measurement, grasping the characteristics of the somato type, we classified three types of physical standard and looked into the element of body structure. The results were as follows; 1. The average Rohrer index of middle-aged women in Tas-gu is about 1.5 and they usually seem to be fat compared with other groups. 2. Age has much influence on the body change of middle-aged women. Especially around 45 years old, the body change showed remarkable. 3. When analyzing the elements of the body measurement, the biggest elements of middle -aged women's body structure are in the items of width, thickness and girth related to the expansion of body line. Therefore in the middle age, the thickness and the girth have more influence on the human body than the height and the length, so the items of thickness and girth is the most important factor in the somato type. 4. In the slim body and standard body, the first factor is the items of height and length related to vertical size and the second is the items of width and thickness and girth. In the fat body the first factor is the items of width, thickness, girth and the second is those of height, length. Unlike other body shapes, the fat body has many factors, which shows that the fat body has much variation in each part in proportion to fatness.

20대 여성의 하반신 체형 분류 및 특성

심정희,함옥상 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1999 科學論集 Vol.25 No.-

AbstractWomen in 20s' form the major consumer class in current clothing industry, but few studies have been performed on this so far. Because it is more difficult to establish a standard for the lower body than the upper body and the area under observation is near the private part.The purpose of this study was to suggest the basic data to design more functional and more adaptable clothes. Data were collected by anthropometry and photometry then analyzed by the characteristics of the each lower body. The following are the result; 1. Analyzing anthropometric data, 4 factors were extracted through factor analysis. Factor 1 influences the horizontal size, Factor 2 influences the vertical size, Factor 3 represents the length of hips and the length down the belly to the back waist, and Factor 4 represents the height of ankles. 2. As a result of analyzing and categorizing data measured directly, subject were classified into 3 groups. Group 1 consist of the slightly fat type with normal height, Group 2 the tall and slender type and Group 3 the short and slightly thin type. 3. Analyzing photometric data using photographs taken at the side view contour, 6 factors were extracted. Factor 1 represents the back thickness of the lower body from the standard line, Factor 2 the front thickness of the lower body from the standard line, Factor 3 the positions of knees, knees and thighs, and ankles, Factor 4 the position of thighs and ankles, Factor 5 the degree of projections of the belly and hips, and Factor 6 the degree of droop of hips and the shape of the lower belly. 4. As a result of analyzing and categorizing data measured indirectly, subject were classified into 3 groups. 1) Group 1 has the lowest thickness items of the 3 groups. In this group, the front tends to be thicker than the back, the belly is fat and the hips droop. 43.54%(64 women) of all belongs to this group. 2) The thickness items in Group 2 are the middle between Group 1 and Group 2. In this group, the back is thicker than the front, the belly and the hips are flat, and the flank of lower body is greatly slanted. 29.25%(45 women) belongs to this group. 3) Group 3 has the highest thickness items of the 3 groups and the front is thicker than the back just as in Group 1. This group shows the type with the projected belly and hips. 27.21%(40 qomen) belongs to Group 3.

Micro-Machining을 이용한 SPM(Scanning Probe Microscope)용 실리콘 Probe의 제조

이동발,이정희,함성호,이종현 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.8 No.1

Scanning probe tip, integrated on the silicon cantilever, is fabricated by means of micro-machining technique. This technique utilizes a combination of dry and wet etching and oxidation sharpening to form very sharp tip which is suitable for SPM. The mechanical requirements for proper operation of probe, such as resonant frequency and force constant are simulated using finite element method. Several types of the probe having different geometrical shape are fabricated. Typical dimensions of cantilver are 150 ~ 190 μm in length, 20 ~ 40 μm in width, and 2 ~ 4 μm in thickness. Typical values of tip height and radius of the tip end are larger than 5 μm and less than 100nm, respectively. Simulated results show that high resonant frequency of approximately 140 kHz and force constant near 2 ~ 5 N/m, which can be applied to tapping and non-contact mode operation of SPM.

首都圈 衛星都市의 住民福祉向上을 위한 市議會와 行政機關의 役割에 관한 硏究 : Centering Around Koyang-Shi Kyung Ki-Do Area. (京畿道 高揚市를 中心으로)

윤석달,박오화,함영훈,황정룡,허희영 한국항공대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

地方化時代의 到來로 高揚市는 많은 變化가 豫想되고 있다. 1980年부터 繼續的으로 論議되던 地方自治의 問題가 지금은 現實化되어 1991年 4月에는 基礎地方自治의 議會를 構成하고 6月에는 廣域自治團體의 議會를 構成하였고 머지않은 將來 에 地方自治團體의 長을 選出할 豫定이다. 앞으로 많은 施行錯誤가 있을 수 있겠으나 地方自治時代에 돌입한 것은 누구 도 否認 할 수 없는 사실이다. 1997年경의 住民構成은 1990年代初期의 高揚市에 居住하고 있던 原住民과 一山을 포함한 新高揚 開發地域에 90萬의 新 入住者로 구성될 것이며, 이러한 高揚市 住民構成의 變化는 地方自治에 커다란 衝擊要因으로 작용될 것이다. 新.原住民의 要求를 調和하는 問題는 여러 形態로 나타날 수 있으나 住民福祉라는 側面이 매우 강하게 대두될 것이다. 高揚市의 福祉活動은 生活保護者들을 위한 특수한 경우를 제외하고는 거의 전무한 상태이다. 地方自治制度가 어느정도 安定的인 국면으로 접어들면, 地域的 次元에서 市民 모두를 위한 福祉活動이 深度있게 展開되어야 할 것이다. 市行政機 關과 市議會는 兒童福祉, 婦女福祉, 老人福祉및 醫療福祉에 대한 現況울 把握하고 이에 대한 해결의 優先順位를 결정하 여 다가오는 人口의 增加에 따른 福祉需要를 충족시켜 나가야 할 것이다. 福祉需要에 대한 優先順位를 硏究者들이 제시하여 보면 託兒施設과 더불어 綜合病院施設을 擴充하여 市民들에게 奉仕 하는 태세를 體系化하여야 할 것이며 그밖에는 施設을 擴充하는 方式보다는 年齡과 性別 및 職業 등의 基準에 맞게 "프 로그램"을 積極的으로 開發하는 努力이 경주되어야 할 것이다. 그러으로써 量的인 意味에서 뿐만이 아니라 質的인 意味 에서 福祉活動을 展開할 수 있는 基盤을 造成할 수 있을 것이다. It is expected that Koyang City have lots of changes according to the emergence of Decentralization era. Nowdays local self-government has been realized since its disscussion in 1980. On april, 1991, the assembly of basic self-government was established, and the assembly of extensive self-government constructed on june, 1991. The chairman of local-government assembly is supposed to be elected in the new future. None can deny the beginning of local-government era inspite of potential trial and errors. Population structure in 1997 is expected to be composed of the existing civilians of Koyang City in early 1990's and about 0.90millions of new comers in new cities including llsan area, and he change of the city population will significant impacts on the self-government scheme of Koyang City. The problem to coordinate desires of existing civilians and that of new comers might be embodied in many kinds of aspects, but welfare-raising will be strengthed first of all. Existing welfare programme of Koyang City dosen't show any signigicant activities except the case of Green Card programme. It is desirable that whole-sideed welfare programme be perfomed by local levels in the stage of staionary self-government systems. Administrative institutions and assembly of city should survey and research the present situations of children welfare, female welfare, the old age welfare, and medical welfare, and decide their priorities to meet increasing desires coming from rapid increase of city-population. We, researchers, propose several outstanding problems by priority as follows; to expand medical institutions and public nursery schools accompanies by strenthening the attitude of government employees for public service, to develop various programmes in order to activate many exiting institutions more efficiently rather than to build new institutions needed, in consideration of ages, sex and occupations of their users. If these propositions accomplished the welfare programme will have cornerstone to enrich its activities as well as activities as well as enlarge it bounderies.

노인정신장애 평가척도(Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale)의 한국판 표준화 연구

조맹제,박임순,신영민,김무진,정희연,정은기,최용성,조성진,서국희,함봉진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.1

연구목적 : 본 연구는 치매와 우울증을 다차원적으로 평가할 수 있는 도구인 Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale(PAS)의 한국판(PAS-K)을 개발하기 위한 것이다. 방 법 : 번역, 역번역, 그리고 세차례의 예비조사를 통하여 PAS-K를 제작하였다. 60세 이상의 노인 291명(임상환자군 : 58명, 지역사회노인군 : 168명, 수용시설 거주자 : 67명)과 그들의 정보제공자들을 대상으로 PAS-K, Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS), Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HRSD), 그리고 Hachinski Ischemic Score 를 적용하고, Diagnostic Interview chedule(DIS-Ⅲ-R)을 사용하여 치매와 우울증을 진단하였다. PAS-K의 신뢰도와 타당도를 평가하고, 예민도와 특이도, Kappa값, 그리고 ROC커브 분석법을 이용하여 PAS-K의 6개의 소척도들(피검자면접 : 인지기능 장애척도, 우울척도, 뇌졸중척도, 정보제공자면접 : 인지기능 저하척도, 행동변화척도, 뇌졸중척도)의 최적 절단점을 구하였다. 결 과 : PAS-K는 높은 내적 일관성을 보였고, 검사자간 신뢰도도 만족할 만한 수준이었다. PAS-K의 소척도들을 다른 표준화된 검사도구들과 비교하였을 때 인지기능 장애척도와 인지기능 저하척도는 MMSE-K와, 우울척도는 GDS 및 HRSD와 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며, 뇌졸중척도는 Hachinski Ischemic Score와 통계적으로 의미있는 상관관계를 보였다. 최적절단점은 인지기능 장애척도 10점, 인지기능 저하척도 3점, 우울척도 5점, 피검자면접과 정보제공자 뇌졸중척도 모두 1점, 그리고 행동변화척도 2점으로 추정하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통해 PAS-K의 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증되었고, 노인정신의학 역학연구나 보건분야에서 치매와 우울증의 임상경과관찰 및 일차 선별도구로서 유용하게 사용될 수 있게 되었다. Objectives : This study was designed to develop the Korean version of the Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale(PAS-K), a multidimensional screening tool for the dementia and depression. Methods : Through three times preliminary trials, the authors translated PAS into Korean. The PAS-K, Geriatric Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hachinski Ischemic Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version were administered to 291 subjects over the age of 60 and the same number of their informants(67 subjects were institutionalized, 168 subjects were in community, 58 subjects were psychiatric hospital patients). And the Diagnostic Interview Schedule(DSM-Ⅲ-R) was independently administered to exactly diagnose dementia and depression. The reliability and validity test, optimal cut-off point estimation for six each scale and ROC curve analyses were done to investigate the diagnostic validity of PAS-K. Results : Internal consistency and interrater reliability of the PAS-K were high. Concurrent validity of each scales of PAS-K was good in being measured with other standardized scales. The optimal cut-off points of each scale of the PAS-K were estimated as follows : 1) Stroke Scale of subject interview : 1, 2) Cognitive Impairment Scale of subject interview: 10, 3) Depression Scale of subject interview : 5, 4) Stroke Scale of informant interview : 1, 5) Cognitive Decline Scale of informant interview : 3, and 6) Behavioral Change Scale of informant : 2. conclusions : The PAS-K was valid and reliable screening tools for detecting dementia and depression. Therefore the PAS-K could be widely and extensively used in psychogeriatric epidemiological research or clinical setting of primary screening for dementia and depression.

A 27-Year-Old Woman Diagnosed as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Graves' Disease

Jung, Jung Hwa,Hahm, Jong Ryeal,Jung, Tae Sik,Kim, Hee Jin,Kim, Ho Soo,Kim, Sungsu,Kim, Soo Kyoung,Lee, Sang Min,Kim, Deok Ryong,Choi, Won Jun,Seo, Yeong Mi,Chung, Soon Il The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 2011 Internal medicine Vol.50 No.19

<P>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and Graves' disease are the common causes of menstrual irregularity leading to infertility in women of child-bearing age. A 21-year-old female patient visited us with complaints of oligomenorrhea and hand tremor. She was diagnosed as having PCOS and hyperthyroid Graves' disease, simultaneously. She had low body weight (BMI: 16.4 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>), mild hirsutism, and thyrotoxicosis. The patient was treated with anti-thyroid drug and beta-blocker for about two years, and then recovered to normal thyroid function. Although some studies have suggested a connection between PCOS and autoimmune thyroiditis, no study indicated that PCOS is associated with Graves' disease until now. Here, we describe the first case report of a lean woman with normal insulin sensitivity presenting PCOS and Graves' disease simultaneously.</P>

Hardening of Steel Sheets with Orthotropy Axes Rotations and Kinematic Hardening

Hahm, Ju-Hee,Kim, Kwon-Hee,Yin, Jung-Je Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2000 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.1 No.1

Anisotropic work hardening of cold rolled low carbon steel sheets is studied. The experiments consist of two stage tensile prestraining and tensile tests. At the first prestraining, steel sheets are streteched along the rolling direction by 3% and 6% tensile strains. The second prestrains are at 0${\cric}$, 30${\cric}$, 60${\cric}$to the rolling directions by varying degrees. Tensile tests are performed on the specimens cut from the sheets after the two stage prestraining. A theoretical framework on anisotropic hardening is proposed which includes Hill's quadratic yield function, ziegler's kinematic hardening rule, and Kim and Yin's assumption on the rotation of orthotropy axes. The predicted variations of R-values with second stage tensile strain are compared with the experimental data.

Pt/AlGaN Schottky-Type UV Photo-detect on crack-free AlGaN layers

Jung, Byung-Kwon,Jung, Young-Ro,Kim, Jung-Kyu,Lee, Jae-Hoon,Lee, Young-Hyun,Lee, Myoung-Bok,Lee, Jung-Hee,Hahm, Sung-Ho 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1