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하우봉 전북사학회 2017 전북사학 Vol.0 No.50
At present, in Korean history academia, Donghak peasant revolution is anti-feudalist system of movement that was led by Donghak and farmers, and it is considered as the starting point of independent modernization as anti-imperialist movement. 'Anti-feudalism' and 'anti-foreignerism' were two major tasks of the modern history of Korea. The Donghak peasant revolution satisfies both of them. In the process of modernization after the opening of the port, reforms from the upper part, centering on the party of enlightenment, sparked the resistance of the people because of the pro-Japanese line, and the party of xenophobia led to limitations in the liquidation of the anti-feudalism. As a result, the movement of the two routes did not achieve autonomous modernization. In response, farmers pursued reform in another direction, which is the Donghak peasant revolution. This incident also failed in the short term, but it became a nurturing spiritual and practical movement for later national and modernization movements. The Donghak Peasant Revolution has a great place in the history of the modern people movement, as well as in the East Asia, and also in the world history. In this study, we focused on the controversy surrounding the Kobu uprising. As the departure is the most important thing in all things, it is urgent to establish the status through the re-examination of the Kobu uprising that became a signal of the Donghak peasant revolution. The most important thing in history research is based on credible primary feeds, and it takes precedence over theory or interpretation. Based on recent research results, I tried to approach the reality and meaning of the Kobu uprising technically.
하우봉 동북아역사재단 2013 東北亞歷史論叢 Vol.- No.41
This article examines the concepts of boundary and border between Japan and Korea in the pre-modern period. The pre-modern views on Tsushima between Joseon and Japan should differ from a modern concept of territory in a nation-state because the nation-state is a “modern” phenomenon. The concept of “territory” in the pre-modern period was not clearly established, thus the boundary of territory demanded an intermediary that connected the interior and the exterior of the territory. Tsushima was exemplary in terms of the intermediary role. Tsushima was located in a borderland between Joseon and Japan,and held a quasi-independent status from the Japanese central authority. However, Tsushima’s status went through changes. Whereas Tsushima held a quasi-independent status in the Muromachi period, its status of independence diminished in the Tokugawa period. In other words, Tsushima also became part of the system of the bakufu (shogunate) and domains (J. bakuhanseido ) in the Tokugawa period. In other words, the status of Tsushima in Japan changed, and,accordingly, the view of the Joseon court toward Tsushima also changed. In this paper, as I examine perceptions of Tsushima between Joseon and Japan, I systematically categorize the development of perception on Tsushima from time to time in the historical context. Also, by examining the theories of scholars in the field of Korean-Japanese relations in both the Republic of Korea and Japan I investigate the main causes of the shifting views on Tsushima, that is, a policy of vassalage and a policy of making an intermediary role between Joseon and Japan. For a better understanding, I deconstruct the perceptions of Koreans toward Tsushima in the Joseon period into three patterns: the perception of Tsushima as a homeland; the perception of defending Tsushima domain; and the perception of distinguishing Tsushima as a separate entity from Japan. Also I attempt to prove that although three different perceptions of Tsushima were systemized in the Joseon period,those perceptions derived from ancient history and the island’s relations with Korea. In particular, Joseon’s perception of Tsushima was systemized based upon two important facts: that Tsushima became a vassal of Gyeongsang Province after the subjugation of Tsushima in the early Joseon period and that Tsushima became Joseon’s vassal for friendly relations between Joseon and Japan in the context of the Chinese world order. As a result, the Joseon court considered Tsushima as Japan’s territory, but as a vassal of Joseon.