중수골 기저부 및 경부 골절에서 K-강선을 이용하여 만든 Staple 고정술의 치료 결과

진홍기 ( Hong-ki Jin ),김형민 ( Hyoung Min Kim ),오용승 ( Yong Seung Oh ),김지훈 ( Jihoon Kim ) 대한골절학회 2021 대한골절학회지 Vol.34 No.1

목적: 중수골 기저부 및 경부 골절의 치료에서 K-강선 staple 고정술의 방사선학적 및 임상적 결과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2016년 11월부터 2017년 5월까지 도수정복이 제한되는 중수골 기저부 및 경부의 불안정 골절을 최소절개를 통한 개방적 정복 후 K-강선 staple로 고정한 13예(10명)의 방사선학적 및 임상적 결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 각 골절에 평균 2.6개의 staple로 고정하였고 각형성은 술 전 36.3도에서 술 후 3.1도로 교정되었다. 술 후 1주에 능동관절운동을 시작한 뒤 방사선학적 골유합은 5.1주에 확인하였고 7.4주에 정상운동범위를 회복하였다. Staple은 16.5주에 제거하였고 치료기간은 18.6주 소요되었다. 최종 추시(27.3주)에서 운동범위와 파악력은 건측과 차이 없이 회복되었다. 변형, 신경손상, 감염 등의 합병증 없이 전 예에서 골유합을 관찰하였고 환자평가에서 외관과 기능상 모두 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론: 중 수골 기저부 및 경부의 불안정 골절에서 K-강선 staple을 이용한 고정술은 최소 절개와 견고한 내고정을 통해 조기 관절운동이 가능하며 수술 후 관절 강직을 방지하고 치료기간을 줄일 수 있는 효과적인 치료방법으로 생각된다. Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of a new surgical technique―customized staple fixation using K-wire―in displaced metacarpal neck or base fractures. Materials and Methods: From November 2016 to May 2017, 13 unstable metacarpal neck and base fractures (10 patients) were treated with II-shaped customized K-wire staples fixation, after performing open reductions through minimal dorsal incisions. The radiological and clinical outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Results: A mean of 2.6 staples were used for each fracture fixation. Preoperative angulation of 36.3° was reduced to 3.1° postoperatively. A week after surgery, the volar short arm splint was replaced with a dorsal splint to initiate active range of motion exercise, and the splint was subsequently removed after 3 weeks. The radiologic union was achieved at a mean of 5.1 weeks, and total active motion was recovered at a mean of 7.4 weeks. On a mean, K-wire staples were removed at 16.5 weeks after the surgery, and the mean treatment took 18.6 weeks. At the final follow-up (at mean 27.3 weeks), no significant difference was observed for total active motion of the digits and grip strength, when compared to the contralateral hand. Complete union was achieved in all fractures without deformity, or complications such as infection or nerve injury. All patients were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes. Conclusion: K-wire stapling is an effective alternative modality in treating unstable displaced metacarpal neck or base fractures. It requires minimal incision to enable open reduction. In addition, early mobilization is ensured through the rigid fixations. Moreover, it prevents postoperative joint stiffness and reduces the time needed for treatment.

코로나바이러스감염증-19 이후 발생한 전방골간신경 증후군

진홍기(Hong Ki Jin),조형래(Hyung Lae Cho),김두열(Doo Yoel Kim),김지훈(Ji Hoon Kim) 대한정형외과학회 2024 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.59 No.1

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease and is currently a global pandemic. The disease presents mainly with respiratory symptoms, but a broad spectrum of extrapulmonary complications have also been reported in the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. Peripheral nerve injury associated with COVID-19 infections can be caused by direct viral invasion or secondary immune response to neural tissue with the same receptors as alveoli, but its clinical course is poorly understood. Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome is a pure motor neuropathy that causes paralysis of the flexor pollicis longus, the flexor digitorum profundus of the index finger, and the pronator quadratus muscles. The cause of this syndrome is not clearly understood, but may be related to viral infection, autoimmune response, or vaccination. This paper reported a case of partial recovery with conservative treatment in acute anterior interosseous nerve syndrome following COVID-19 infection.

자기거래 대상과 그 유형의 확대에 대한 소고

진홍기 ( Hong Ki Jin ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2012 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.22

Recently, the Korean Commercial Code has been largely amended in order to promote free and transparent management of a company. The most debatable aspect of this amendment is considered to be the target and the type of Director`s self-dealing. According to the Article 397, 2, a director should be consented by two-thirds` the board of directors, before he or she could appropriate corporate opportunities. This promulgation is fundamentally based on the American system, as its primary objective is to prevent directors and senior executives from taking corporate opportunities, which may be against the best interests of a company. The American Law Institute has introduced the Principles of Corporate Governance Analysis and Recommendation American Law Institute (ALI) and the related provisions of the Model Business Corporation Act. Therefore, together with the corporate opportunities doctrine, a range of parties under the effects of the newly created set of rules has been greatly expanded when a director contracts with a company in order to avoid a conflict of interest due to the Article 398. The first argument about the expansion of the parties including directors with regard to dealing with a company is that such an extension of the target is rather unique in Korea. Along with this expansion, it is now mandatory for a director to receive two-thirds of consent from the board of directors in order to seize corporate opportunities, which is hardly the case in other jurisdictions. It seems more than likely that how persuading two-thirds of the board of directors to agree with you could cause a lot of complications within the company. Furthermore, the language used in the provision, which was mostly borrowed from American cases and ALI, has invited disputes and controversies in various ways, due to its vagueness. The provision, having referred to American cases, has established some guides lines, such as four tests and many people expect that the Korean courts will face many difficulties in interpreting and applying the provisions to a Korean company, backgrounds of which are obviously different to an American company. As such, in this essay, its focus would be on the introduction of the American analysis on the corporate opportunities doctrine. Moreover, the effects of the self-dealing doctrine and corporate opportunities doctrine would be examined in further detail and it will be discussed as to whether the application of these legal principles should even be extended to controlling shareholders of a company.

실무연구(實務硏究) : 변호사시험제도의 현황과 과제

진홍기 ( Hong Ki Jin ) 법조협회 2011 法曹 Vol.60 No.3

새로운 변호사시험 제도는 법조계의 권위주의적 관행과 종전 대학에서의 개념법학의 차원에만 머무른 이론교육의 한계를 벗어나기 위해 도입되었다. 그런데 변호사시험법에 의하면 응시자는 사법시험과는 달리 기록형 시험이 첨가되었다. 이러한 새로운 법조인양성제도 하에서 법학전문대학원("로스쿨")은 뛰어난 법조인을 양성하기 위해 ``무엇``을 ``어떻게`` 가르쳐야 하여야 하는가라는 문제를 가지고 씨름해야 하고, 로스쿨 교육을 정상화시키기 위하여 무엇보다도 로스쿨에서 가르치는 과목과 내용은 변호사시험과 곧바로 연계되어야 한다. 이러한 맥락에서 이 글은 로스쿨이 먼저 변호사가 지녀야 할 최소한도의 지식을 어떻게 가르쳐야 하는지, 그리고 어떠한 기관이 변호사시험을 관장하는 것이 공정한지 등 변호사시험법에 의하여 제기된 문제점을 해결하고자 노력하였다. 또한 이 글은 새로운 제도 하에서 자격을 갖춘 변호사를 길러내기 위해 변호사시험법의 관련 규정도 법조환경의 변화에 맞게 개정할 것을 권고하고 있다. Under the new regime for qualifying an attorney at law, law schools would play vital roles in training future lawyers. According to the Bar Examination Act, an applicant should take an examination on four subject (civil, criminal, public law and one subject of which the applicant desires) in three different methods (selective, essay, dossier form), which will be executed for the first time in 2012. Unfortunately, the government authority has yet to decide a percentage of successful candidates among approximately 2000 applicants. It is notable, however, that at the end of last year, the Department of Justice announced that the passing rate of the examination would be 75% for the applicants in 2012 only. Such a new system has been imposing a heavy burden on law schools in terms of ``what`` and ``how`` they should carry out to educate law students successfully for the new bar exam. This essay explores ``what`` to educate in terms of basic knowledge with which an attorney at law should be equipped when he or she actually becomes qualified. Moreover, it also scrutinizes various teaching methods that will allow students to gain professional knowledge, for instance, case studies and conventional lectures. Lastly, this essay recommends that some provisions of the Bar Examination Act should be amended to normalize the law school education and to produce competent lawyers under the new legal system.

[지정토론문] 한국형 스포츠에이전트 도입방안

진홍기(Jin, Hong-Ki) 한국법학원 2017 저스티스 Vol.- No.158-3

債權讓渡에 대한 異議를 保留하지 않은 承諾과 諸抗辯의 承繼ㆍ切斷效

秦鴻璂 (Hong-Ki Jin) 한국비교사법학회 2011 比較私法 Vol.18 No.1

The Korean Civil Code provides that the assignment of a nominative claim cannot be set up against an obligor or any other third party, unless an assignor has given notice thereof to an obligor or the obligor has consented thereto. Regarding the legal effect of the Article 451, Paragraph 1, lots of arguments has been raised because an obligor's ‘consent to an assignee without reservation’ may raise problematic issues with regard to public trust and estoppel. It has been admitted by Korean as well as Japanese courts that when an obligor gives consent to an assignee without reservation, he cannot set up his refutation that he had against the assignor, also against the assignee. This estoppel prohibiting the obligor from setting up his refutation has been provided for the purpose of promoting nominative claim transactions and also of affording protection to the assignee. Consequently, it has been recognised that the public trust has been given on the consent without reservation made by the obligor. As such this article explored and examined various problems, arising out of the invalidity, cancelation, termination of a contract when an obligor makes ‘consent to assignee without reservation’. Futhermore, this article attempted to resolve those problems by scrutinizing the relevant authorities and arguments made by a group of scholars in Korea as well as Japan.

청소년 야구 선수에서 발생한 극 관절와 결절종의 골 침식: 1예 보고

진홍기 ( Hong Ki Jin ),조형래 ( Hyung Lae Cho ),김지훈 ( Ji Hoon Kim ) 대한스포츠의학회 2021 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Spinoglenoid notch cysts, a certain expansion form of paralabral ganglion cyst, are often associated with superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions in overhead athletes. We report a unique case of spinoglenoid notch cyst that extended to posterosuperior bony glenoid in a 16-year-old high school male baseball fielder. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multilobulated spinoglenoid notch ganglion cyst associated with posterosuperior SLAP lesion, and computed tomography (CT) revealed distinct osseous erosion of posterosuperior glenoid. The cyst was enlarged on serial follow-up imaging, and his symptoms were continued, arthroscopic decompression was performed via posterosuperior capsulotomy. The concomitant SLAP lesion was not repaired, but only marginal debridement was performed. At 6 months after surgery, he returned to game without symptoms, and the bony glenoid lesion was almost remodeled on follow-up CT. In adolescent athletes, significant osseous erosion by spinoglenoid notch cyst may be accentuated due to the skeletal immaturity of posterosuperior glenoid.

청소년기 야구 선수에서 자기공명영상상의 견관절 후방 관절와 병변

박기봉 ( Ki Bong Park ),조형래 ( Hyung Lae Cho ),진홍기 ( Hong Ki Jin ),김상수 ( Sang Su Kim ),김지언 ( Ji Un Kim ) 대한스포츠의학회 2017 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.35 No.3

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of posterior glenoid lesion (PGL) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adolescent baseball players. Seventy-two adolescent baseball players (mean age, 15.1 years) who underwent MRI scan for dominant shoulder pain were enrolled and the location and morphologic features of PGLs were assessed on MRI. All players were divided into three groups based on the physeal status of proximal humerus: group I, open; group II, partial closure; and group III, complete closure. Of the 72 players, posterior glenoid rim rounding (69%) and periosteal thickening (88%) were the main PGL on axial imaging. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of glenoid (10%), Bennett lesion (6%), and posterior labral tear (21%) were also identified. On oblique sagittal imaging, bony PGL including OCD involves mid-portion of posterior glenoid consistent with the level of the infraspinatus muscle, but Bennett lesion was located relatively lower than PGL. Posterior glenoid rim rounding was more prevalent in younger players (group I, 86%; group II, 78%; group III, 43%; p=0.015), and posterior labral tears were in older players (group I, 0%; group II, 19%; group III, 38%, p=0.027). Factors related with prevalence of posterior glenoid rim rounding were increased body mass index (p=0.016), pitchers (p=0.024), and players with posterior shoulder tightness (p=0.023), but career length was not statistically significant (p=0.089). Decreasing the rate of posterior glenoid rim rounding with skeletal growth implies that it may be recovered through the remodeling process, and labral tears are increasing internal impingement lesion after physeal closure.

중학교 야구선수에서 시행한 주관절 초음파 검사의 결과

황태혁,조형래,왕태현,진홍기,Hwang, Tae Hyok,Cho, Hyung Lae,Wang, Tae Hyun,Jin, Hong Ki 대한정형외과초음파학회 2014 대한정형외과 초음파학회지 Vol.7 No.2

목적: 중학교 야구 선수의 단체 검진에서 확인된 주관절 초음파 검사의 이상 소견에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 4개의 중학교 야구부를 방문하여 주관절 통증 유무에 상관없이 총 93명의 선수(나이: 12~15세, 평균: 13.5세)에게 양측 주관절 초음파 검사를 시행하였다. 초음파 검사는 양측 주관절의 내측과 전외측을 검사하여 각각 내상과 골단의 분리나 분절, 소두 박리성 골연골염의 유무를 확인하였다. 주관절 통증 유무, 이학적 검사 소견과 초음파 이상 소견의 관계 및 투수와 일반 야수들의 초음파 소견의 차이를 알아보았다. 결과: 총 93명의 선수 중 36명(39%)에서 우세수의 초음파 이상 소견이 관찰되었으며 내상과 골단 분리 또는 분절이 30명, 주두 박리성 골연골염은 2명, 두 병변 모두가 동반된 경우가 4명 이었다. 주관절 통증이 있는 37명 중 29명(78%)에서 초음파 이상 소견이 관찰되었다. 이학적 검사 상 내상과 골단 이상은 내측부 압통(59%), 외반 부하검사(52%)에서 양성을 보였으며 박리성 골연골염을 보이는 6명 중 5명(83%)에서 $5^{\circ}$이상의 주관절 굴곡 구축이 있었다. 내상과 골단 이상은 투수와 야수에서 진단 빈도의 의미있는 차이는 없었으나 박리성 골연골염은 투수에 많았다(p<0.05). 결론: 주관절 초음파 검사는 현장에서 시행할 수 있는 유용한 선별 검사이며 청소년 야구 주관절 통증의 주 원인이 되는 주관절 내상과 골단의 이상이나 박리성 골연골염을 조기 발견하는데 효과적인 방법으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the ultrasonographic findings of the elbows on group screening of middle school baseball players. Materials and Methods: Ninety-three players (age: 12-15, mean 13.5 years) of four middle school baseball team were evaluated with bilateral elbow ultrasonographies in the field regardless of elbow pain. Medial and anterolateral ultrasound examination of the both elbow were performed in the field to detect any abnormalities including medial epicondylar separation or fragmentation and capitellar osteochondritis dissecans respectively. We analyzed the relationship among elbow pain, physical findings and sonographic abnormalities and the differences of sonographic abnormalities between pitchers and fielders. Results: Thirty-six of 93 (39%) players had sonographic abnormalities of elbow in dominant arm, 30 with medial epicondylar apophyseal separation or fragmentation, 2 with osteochondritis dissecans, 4 with both lesions. Twenty-nine of 37 (78%) players with elbow pain had sonographic abnormalities. On physical examination, players with medial epicondylar abnormalities had medial epicondylar tenderness (59%) and pain on valgus stress test (52%), and 5 of 6 (83%) players with osteochondritis dissecans showed flexion contracture more than $5^{\circ}$. The incidence of medial epicondylar abnormalities between pitchers and fielders was statistically not significant but osteochondritis dissecans was more prevalent in pitchers (p<0.05). Conclusion: Elbow sonography is a simple and useful screening tool in the field and also effective for early detection of medial epicondylar abnormalities or osteochondritis dissecans that could be the main causes of elbow pain in adolescent baseball players.

야구 선수에서 발생한 제5요추의 비전형적 척추분리증: 2예 보고

조형래 ( Hyung Lae Cho ),김두열 ( Doo Yeol Kim ),진홍기 ( Hong Ki Jin ),김지훈 ( Ji Hoon Kim ) 대한스포츠의학회 2021 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Lumbar spondylolysis is a frequent cause of low back pain especially in adolescents involved in sporting activities. It is considered as a fatigue-type defect in the pars interarticularis or isthmus resulted from repetitive hyperextension and rotation on the spine; however, there is still confusion in regard to imaging findings of the location and direction of the defect. We report two unique cases of fifth lumbar spondylolysis in professional baseball hitter and adolescent pitcher; early-stage unilateral incomplete isthmus fracture and bilateral fracture in a different configuration, respectively. Computed tomography demonstrated vertical and more coronally oriented fracture lines compared with typical spondylolytic defect, and repetitive rotation in the same direction of pitching might cause a different type of fracture on the contralateral isthmus with the preexisting unilateral defect. Intriguingly, early-stage unilateral fracture in hitter was united after only 6 weeks of rest and rehabilitation and able to return to the game.