유럽 대학의 교양교육

조효제 ( Hyo Je Cho ) 영미문학연구회 2013 안과 밖 Vol.0 No.34

This essay traces the origin of liberal arts and science education in European higher education. The traditional liberal arts education in Europe evolved to accommodate the critical humanistic and secular outlook through the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods. The great debate over the idea of university in the 19th century saw the emergence of specialized and research-oriented universities. The trend was further enhanced by the post-war social democratic arrangements of public funding for the higher education and the mass enrollment of university programs, effectively wiping out the liberal arts and humanities education from the university curriculum. The paper also describes the recent rise in interest in liberal arts education at some quarters of European universities and provides its reasons including the institutional changes as a result of the Bologna Process. Concluding remarks consider some lessons from the European experience that Korean universities might consider in debating their future liberal arts education.

한국 시민운동의 발전과 도약

조효제(Cho Hyo-Je) 참여연대 참여사회연구소 2003 시민과세계 Vol.- No.3

Two Concepts of Human Rights in Contemporary Korea

Cho Hyo-Je(조효제) 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2010 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.39 No.2

The paper looks at the emergence of two distinct concepts of human rights in contemporary Korea. The first, more time-tested concept draws upon the historical experience of pro-democracy movements dating back to the 1970s. The second concept is seen to be a relatively new phenomenon which started as a less conspicuous counterdiscourse of human rights of the past but has gained some prominence in recent years. The divergence of the human rights concept along the two different narratives has had ramifications far beyond the confines of domestic human rights promotion. It is argued that the contrasting concepts have evolved and taken shape over the years following the 1987 democratization. Several broad trends and events in the post-democratization period have helped the competing concepts to develop their distinctive contours and to bring their respective policy options into sharper focus. The contributing trends are four-fold: first, the institutionalization of human rights; second, changes in perceived relationship between human rights and democracy, and the proliferation of rights discourse; third, the predominance and penetration of a neoliberal economic doctrine in many spheres of the society; and fourth, the internationalization of the North Korean human rights issue. The corollary of this trend is the bifurcation between the two seemingly irreconcilable concepts of human rights, i.e. the maximalist, civil society-oriented concept versus the minimalist, less liberal internationalist human rights concept. Each of the two has its own share of strengths and weaknesses. The future of human rights in Korea is likely to depend upon the interplay between, and the possible reconfiguration of, these two concepts.

인권 달성의 근본조건

조효제(Cho, Hyo-Je) 전남대학교 5.18연구소 2015 민주주의와 인권 Vol.15 No.3

먹거리 인권과 먹거리 주권의 시론적 고찰

조효제(Cho, Hyo-Je) 전남대학교 5.18연구소 2013 민주주의와 인권 Vol.13 No.2

엔터테인먼트 산업에서의 저작권과 청소년 인식에 관한 연구

조효제(Hyoje Cho),김대욱(Daewook Kim),송석호(Seokho Song),한상원(Sangwon Han) 한국배움학회 2012 배움학 연구 Vol.4 No.1

이 연구는 엔터테인먼트 산업의 저작권에 대해 청소년들이 어떻게 인식하고 있는지를 설문조사하여 분석하고, 그 결과를 바탕으로 향후 개선점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 조사 결과, 청소년들은 저작권 개념에 대한 이해나 교육 경험은 비교적 높은 수준을 보였으나, 실제로 저작권 준수를 위한 실천이나 타인의 저작권 위반 행위를 제지하는 행동은 뒤따르지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 저작권 보호를 위한 해결 방법으로 기술적 방법을 가장 크게 제시하는 것으로 나타나 문제해결에 대한 스스로의 의지가 약한 것으로 파악되었다. 청소년들이 저작권을 준수하도록 하기 위해서는 실제로 실천 행동을 이행할 수 있는 교육과 홍보를 강화해야 한다는 결론을 얻었다. In the entertainment industry, copyrights issues have become rising problems as the frequency and range coming in contact with movies, games, music, etc. have enlarged. The objectives of our research are to investigate how teenagers understand the copyrights and suggest some ways to improve their attitude, using a survey research. Firstly, we designed survey questionnaire which consisted of 9 multiple-choice and 2 descriptive questions. According to the result, teenagers had fairly good understanding of the copyrights, and also had education experiences about them. However, teenagers did not have their attitude to actually protect the copyrights. Furthermore, they requested an effective protection technology, which implied that they avoided their responsibility on the copyrights. From the results, we concluded that practical education and promotion to obey the law of copyright are needed.

인권경영의 모색

조효제(Cho Hyo-Je) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2008 亞細亞硏究 Vol.51 No.3

This paper looks at the emerging debate on business and human rights. It begins with the assumption that business corporations must be held accountable in accordance with their increasing influences in the contemporary world. It is argued that the current mantra of corporate social responsibility(CSR), though well-meaning and benevolent in objectives, is not sufficient enough to make real impact on the socially accountable practice of corporations. An alternative, human rights-based approach is presented and discussed. It is recommended for human rights movement that a conceptual shift from a CSR-oriented to a rights-based approach should be more appropriate than focusing on campaigning for formal legislations within the CSR paradigm.

보호자의 교육적 기대가 중학생의 학업적 자아개념에 미치는 영향: 학업열의와 학업무기력을 매개로

조효제(Hyoje Cho) 충북대학교 교육개발연구소 2020 한국교육논총 Vol.41 No.3

본 연구는 보호자의 교육적 기대가 중학생의 학업적 자아개념의 관계에서 학업열의와 학업무기력의 매개효과를 확인하기 위해 한국청소년정책연구원의 한국 아동·청소년 패널조사 2018(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018) 중학교 1학년 2590명을 분석하였다. 주요연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학업열의는 학업무기력과 부적상관이 나타났고, 교육적 기대, 학업적 자아개념과 정적인 상관이 나타났으며, 학업무기력은 교육적 기대와 학업적 자아개념과 부적인 상관이 나타났다. 교육적 기대는 학업적 자아개념과 정적인 상관이 나타났다. 둘째, 교육적 기대와 학업적 자아개념의 관계에서 학업열의의 매개효과가 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의하였다. 셋째, 교육적 기대와 학업적 자아개념의 관계에서 학업무기력의 매개효과가 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의하였다. 이상의 결과는 보호자의 교육적 기대가 학생인 자녀의 학업적 자아개념에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있으며, 학업열의와 학업무기력 각각의 매개효과가 정적인 영향력을 가지고 있는 바, 보호자의 교육적 기대가 자녀의 심리에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 이를 매개하여 자녀의 학업적 자아개념에 영향을 주고 있음을 나타낸다. This study analyzed 2,590 first-year middle school students from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYP 2018) to examine the mediating effects of academic engagement and learned helplessness in the relationship between guardians’ educational expectations and middle school students’ academic self-concept. The main results are as follows: First, academic engagement showed a negative correlation with learned helplessness and positive correlations with educational expectations and academic self-concept. Learned helplessness showed negative correlations with educational expectations and academic self-concept. Educational expectations showed a positive correlation with academic self-concept. Next, in the relationship between educational expectation and academic self-concept, the mediating effect of academic engagement was statistically significant. Finally, in the relationship between educational expectation and academic self-concept, the mediating effect of learned helplessness was statistically significant. The above results indicate that guardians’ educational expectations had a positive effect on the academic self-concept of children who are students, and the mediating effect of each academic engagement and learned helplessness had a positive effect. Therefore, guardians’ educational expectations had a positive effect on their children’s psychological state and academic self-concept through academic engagement and learned helplessness.

중학생이 인식하는 부모의 자율성지지, 자아존중감, 삶의 만족도 간 자기회귀교차지연 효과 검증

조효제(HyoJe Cho),길혜지(HyeJi Kil) 한국콘텐츠학회 2023 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.1

사람에 존재하는 phosphatase인 chronophin의 환원된 상태에서의 구조

조효제(Hyo Je Cho),강범식(Beom Sik Kang) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Actin cytoskeleton rearrangement를 조절하는 cofilin은 인산기가 제거되면서 활성화되는데 이를 담당하는 효소가 chronophin이다. 이 효소는 비타민 B6의 활성형태인 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)의 세포 내 농도를 조절하는 PLP phosphatase로도 알려져 있다. Chronophin은 cap 도메인과 core 도메인을 갖는 HAD family에 속하는 phosphatase이며 다른 HAD phosphatase와 같이 기질결합을 위해 cap 도메인과 core 도메인 사이의 활성부위가 노출되는 열린 형태로의 전환이 있을 것으로 추정되었다. 이전의 밝혀진 chronophin/PLPP의 결정구조에서는 단백질의 결정화과정이 산화된 상태에 이루어졌기에 cap 도메인의 C91과 core 도메인의 C221 사이에 disulfide bond가 있었으며 이것이 cap 도메인과 core 도메인사이의 움직임을 막고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 환원된 상태의 chronophin의 결정체를 얻어 chronophin의 구조를 규명하였다. 환원된 상태의 chronophin의 구조에는 C91과 C221간의 disulfide 결합은 없었으나 산화된 상태와 동일한 닫힌 형태이었으며 국부적인 core 도메인의 움직임이외에는 core 도메인과 cap 도메인의 구조에는 변화가 없었다. 이는 chronophin이 기질이 없는 상태에서 닫힌 형태로 유지되는 것이 disulfide bond에 의한 것이 아님을 의미하며 세포 내의 환원된 상태에서도 닫힌 구조를 유지함으로서 높은 기질 특이성을 보여줄 것임을 암시한다. Chronophin is a phosphatase responsible for the dephosphorylation of cofilin, which regulates the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton. It is also known as a phosphatase for pyrodoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), an active form of vitamin B?, and maintains the level of PLP in the cytoplasm. Since this phosphatase belongs to a HAD subfamily containing a cap domain, it is expected to undergo a conformational change for the binding of a substrate. However, the crystal structure of chronophin has a disulfide bridge between the cap and core domains preventing a movement of the cap domain against the core domain. It is possible that the disulfide bond between C91 and C221 was formed by an oxidation during the crystallization. Here, we obtained chronophin crystals under a reduced condition and determined the crystal structure. This reduced chronophin does not contain a disulfide bridge and shows a closed conformation like the oxidized form. It implies that an active chronophin binds its substrate under the closed conformation without the disulfide bond and shows a high substrate specificity in the cell.