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Esophageal Obstruction Caused by Solidification of the Residue of Enteral Feeding Formula
조한철,장예림,김소미,지예섭 한국정맥경장영양학회 2017 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2017 No.-
Enteral feeding with nasogastric tube is widely used because of its convenience in patients without volitional intake. If the position of the tip of the nasogastric tube is above the gastroesophageal junction, there is possibility of retention and solidification of the administered enteral feeding formula in the esophagus. Even if its position is confirmed by auscultation, all or some of the side holes of nasogastric tube may be located above the gastroesophageal junction. Therefore, the tip of the nasogastric tube should be checked carefully, with considering to use chest radiograph especially in patients who have higher risk of aspiration, gastroesophageal reflux. This paper describes two unusual cases of esophageal obstruction caused by solidification of the residue of enteral feeding formula that is administered through a malpositioned nasogastric tube. The first case is 87-year-old female who had no past medical history and was diagnosed pneumonia, and the second case is 68-year-old male who had diabetes mellitus and was diagnosed ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm, acute cerebral infarction.
Application of Analytic Solution in Relative Motion to Spacecraft Formation Flying in Elliptic Orbit
조한철,박상영,최규홍 한국우주과학회 2008 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.25 No.3
The current paper presents application of a new analytic solution in general relative motion to spacecraft formation flying in an elliptic orbit. The calculus of variations is used to analytically find optimal trajectories and controls for the given problem. The inverse of the fundamental matrix associated with the dynamic equations is not required for the solution in the current study. It is verified that the optimal thrust vector is a function of the fundamental matrix of the given state equations. The cost function and the state vector during the reconfiguration can be analytically obtained as well. The results predict the form of optimal solutions in advance without having to solve the problem. Numerical simulation shows the brevity and the accuracy of the general analytic solutions developed in the current paper.
방산업체간 협력의 긍정적 효과에 관한 연구 -R&D 투자 효율성과 상관관계를 중심으로-
조한철 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.11
Owing to the recent revitalization of defense exports, K-Defense is facing new opportunities, domestic defense companies must first secure competitiveness to continue the current upward trend. As weapon systems are being advanced, it is necessary to secure international competitiveness through continuous investment in defense R&D. On the other hand, efforts to increase investment efficiency are needed because of the limited budget that can be invested in R&D. Cooperation between companies within the defense industry network can be an effective way of increasing the R&D efficiency by sharing knowledge, information, and resources related to technology development. Accordingly, the correlation between network centrality (level of cooperation) and the R&D efficiency of defense companies was analyzed. The analysis showed that the network centrality positively affects the R&D efficiency of defense companies. Therefore, In this study, based on the analysis results, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation between defense companies.
추적 기간에 따른 유방암 생존자들의 디스트레스와 삶의 질
조한철,김의태,민준원 한국유방암학회 2016 Journal of Breast Disease Vol.4 No.2
Purpose: Few studies have reported postdiagnosis differences in distress and quality of life (QOL) for breast cancer (BC) survivors. Here we investigated the differences in distress and QOL for BC survivors in Korea, during follow-up. Methods: Completed questionnaires were collected from 179 BC survivors in 2013. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast was administered to measure the distress and Distress Thermometer and Problem List was administered to measure the QOL. Results: The mean QOL score was 96.69 (standard deviation, ±20.33). Seventy-nine patients (44.1%) with distress-test scores >4 were assigned to the severe distress group. The patient group with higher family income had high QOL score (p=0.008). In addition, QOL scores were significantly higher in patients who lived longer after diagnosis (p=0.016). Patients at high TNM stage had low QOL scores (p=0.006). Furthermore, older patients tended to have high distress scores (p=0.028). Based on duration of the postdiagnosis period, we divided the patients into two groups. Seventy patients had a postdiagnosis period <2 years; 109 patients, postdiagnosis period ≥2 years. Distress score of the under-2-year group (4.26±2.73) was significantly higher (p=0.044) than that of the longer-than-2-year group (3.47±2.42). Conclusion: BC survivors showed improvement in physical well-being, emotional well-being, and functional well-being domain of QOL over time. However, social well-being and BC subscale score were only slightly improved over time. It is possible that cancer patients’ supporting programs are focused on the recently diagnosed patients or those currently undergoing treatment. Therefore, more support should be made available to long-term BC survivors.
Post-CMP Cleaning에서 PVA 브러시 오염이 세정 효율에 미치는 영향
조한철,유민종,김석주,정해도,Cho, Han-Chul,Yuh, Min-Jong,Kim, Suk-Joo,Jeong, Hae-Do 한국전기전자재료학회 2009 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.22 No.2
PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) brush cleaning method is a typical cleaning method for semiconductor cleaning process especially post-CMP cleaning. PVA brush contacts with the wafer surface and abrasive particle, generating the contact rotational torque of the brush, which is the removal mechanism. The brush rotational torque can overcome theoretically the adhesion force generated between the abrasive particle and wafer by zeta potential. However, after CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) process, many particles remained on the wafer because the brush was contaminated in previous post-CMP cleaning step. The abrasive particle on the brush redeposits to the wafer. The level of the brush contamination increased according to the cleaning run time. After cleaning the brush, the level of wafer contamination dramatically decreased. Therefore, the brush cleanliness effect on the cleaning performance and it is important for the brush to be maintained clearly.
조한철,최석철 한국방위산업학회 2014 韓國防衛産業學會誌 Vol.21 No.4
The South Korean defense industry is facing difficulties in ensuring its economy of scale. This is mainly because of the low demand compared to the supply. Such imbalance is on account of the unique nature of defense products, whose sole consumers are governments. Therefore, defense companies should expand their defense product sales through active PR (public relations) activities, including exhibitions, weapon systems demonstrations, and gathering information on the global defense industry. The results of this study show a positive correlation between the advertising cost and the management performance (sales and exports) of defense companies. In conclusion, defense companies can improve their management performance through active PR activities for the export of defense products.