염색슬러지 탄화물을 활용한 경화체의 표면공극 및 강도 특성

조은석(Jo, Eun Seok),권오한(Gwon, Oh Han),이상수(Lee, Sang Soo) 한국콘크리트학회 2017 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.29 No.2

쌀보리 종실 내 미생물 분포와 생균제 접종이 발효특성에 미치는 영향

안혜진,김기현,조은석,김조은,김광식,김영화,송태화,박종호,강환구,장선식,오영균,천동원,설국환,Ahn, Hye-Jin,Kim, Ki Hyun,Jo, Eun Seok,Kim, Jo Eun,Kim, Kwang-Sik,Kim, Young Hwa,Song, Tae Hwa,Park, Jong Ho,Kang, Hwan Ku,Jang, Sun Sik,Oh, Young K 한국초지조사료학회 2015 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 시험은 동계작물인 쌀보리의 알곡에 대한 사료로서의 활용도를 제고하고자 미생물 분포를 분석하고, 발효과정중 이화학적 및 미생물학적 특성의 변화 분석을 통하여 효과적인 발효사료 제조방법을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 즉, 수확된 쌀보리 종실에 시판 생균제를 기준에 맞게 접종한 후 공기와 접촉하지 않도록 밀봉하여 $37^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 발효를 통해 쌀보리 종실의 저장성과 안전성을 증진시킬 수 있다. 쌀보리 종실 자체에 Staphylococcus속과 Bacillus속의 미생물들이 다수 존재하여 자연발효의 가능성이 있음을 보여 주었다. 또한 생균제를 접종하지 않은 쌀보리 종실도 기간이 경과됨에 따라 산도가 저하되고 유산균 수가 증가하여 발효가 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 쌀보리 종실에 생균제를 접종하였을 경우, 발효 7일차에 pH가 $4.33{\pm}0.02$로 발효가 더 빨리 진행되었으며, 유산균의 수도 전체 발효기간 동안 미 접종 대조구에 비해 높게 유지되었으나, 효모의 수에 있어서는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 발효에 의해 쌀보리 종실의 산도가 저하됨에 따라 초기 $10^7cfu/g$ 이상 검출되었던 대장균이 발효 7일차 이후부터는 전혀 검출되지 않아 발효가 쌀보리 종실의 안전성을 유지시키는 데 있어 효과적인 저장방법으로 나타났다. This study was performed to analyze the resident microbial flora and the effects of probiotic inoculation on the fermentation characteristics of whole grain naked barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) with the goal of evaluating the possibility of utilization as fermented feedstuff. Naked barley grains were harvested 35 days after heading, and the microbial flora was analyzed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer. After inoculation of commercial microbes to the naked barley grain (BT), the pH and number of bacteria, such as aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and E. coli, were measured and compared with the non-inoculated control (BC). A total of 122 colonies was isolated from the naked barley grain and the most popular bacteria species was Staphylococcus xylosus (n = 30, 24.59%). The pH value decreased more rapidly in BT than in BC, and was significantly lower after 7 days of fermentation at $4.33{\pm}0.02$ and $4.83{\pm}0.01$, respectively. The number of aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast showed an increasing trend within the first 7 days of fermentation, however, their numbers decreased at 28 and 42 days of fermentation. The population of lactic acid bacteria in BT was higher than in BC, but there was no significant different at 7 days of fermentation, with respective levels of $9.24{\pm}0.20$ and $9.01{\pm}0.10logCFU/g$ (p>0.05). The initial number of E. coli was very high in the naked barley grain but subsequently decreased significantly. After 7 days of fermentation, E. coli was not detected in either BT or BC samples. From these results, it appears that the fermentation of naked barley grain proceeded adequately after 7 days, and that fermentation contributes to the safety of naked barley grain during storage.

염색슬러지 탄화물의 혼입방법에 따른 경화체의 강도 특성

권오한(Gwon, Oh-Han),조은석(Jo, Eun-Seok),이동훈(Lee, Dong-Hun),이상수(Lee, Sang-Soo) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.37 No.1

무시멘트 결합재를 사용한 콘크리트 보도블록의 특성

이원규 ( Lee Won-gyu ),조은석 ( Jo Eun-seok ),이상수 ( Lee Sang-soo ),송하영 ( Song Ha-young ) 한국건축시공학회 2018 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

Korea has many problems due to the asphalt pavement or impermeable pavement. Many methods are being implemented to improve water circulation. Among them, permeable packaging materials are used. However, existing permeable packaging materials have a problem of causing efflorescence and clogging the pores. The pores of the permeable packing material are clogged and the permeability is lost. This leads to economic problems and product problems. The purpose of this study was to develop a block to prevent efflorescence.

배합사료 내 항생제 사용금지 이후 양돈농가 생산성적 변화 조사

김기현(Ki-Hyun Kim),조은석(Eun-Seok Cho),김광식(Kwang-Sik Kim),김조은(Jo-Eun Kim),설국환(Kuk-Hwan Seol),박준철(Jun-Cheol Park),김영화(Young-Hwa Kim) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the pig productivity after ban of antibiotics growth promoter in commercial pig farms. A total 74 pig farms that herd size is from less than 100 sows to more than 500 sows were selected for survey. Changes of pig productivity before/after ban of antibiotics were analyzed by comparing with our survey results and report of KPPA (Korean Pork Producers Association, 2013). In the results, no difference on pig productivity was observed by herd size among our survey farms. Live born piglets have been raised as time passes since 2003, and then it reach to 10.6 head per sow in 2012. The numbers of weaning piglet tended to increase, but sow turnover ratio was found to be a tendency to decrease after ban of antibiotics in our survey results. There was no effect of using antibiotics on mortality of pre- and post- weaning. Marketing per sow per year (MSY) does not be improved because the post-weaning mortality was maintained at a high level, despite live pig born and weaning piglet have increased after 2003. In conclusion, a ban of antibiotics growth promoter does not directly affect to pig productivity, but it needs the efforts to reduce the mortality of post-weaning for improvement of pig productivity. We suggest that this data will be useful to swine industry as the fundamental information.

고로슬래그 기반 분말활성탄 혼입방법에 따른 미세먼지 흡착형 경화체의 특성

김연호 ( Kim Yeon-ho ),조은석 ( Jo Eun-seok ),이상수 ( Lee Sang-soo ) 한국건축시공학회 2020 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

Recently, the problem of air pollution is drawing attention as a social problem worldwide. Particularly, fine dust is the biggest issue among air pollutants, and it is analyzed that fine dust is generated from air pollutants such as burning fossil fuels such as petroleum or coal, or exhaust gases from automobiles. In addition, yellow dust originating from China adjacent to Korea flows into the Korean Peninsula in a western wind, causing the concentration of fine dust to deteriorate. Fine dust is a harmful substance to the human body such as asthma or respiratory disease, and awareness of the risk is also increasing to a degree designated as a primary carcinogen. In this study, as a method for improving the indoor air quality, the Properties of the matrix according to the mixing ratio of powdered activated carbon based on blast furnace slag are reviewed. The flexural strength and compressive strength were measured, and a fine dust concentration measurement experiment will be conducted later.

초고층빌딩 개산견적 코스트 모델 및 시스템 개발

김한수,김영석,권순욱,조은석,Kim, Han-Su,Kim, Yeong-Seok,Gwon, Sun-Uk,Jo, Eun-Seok 한국건설관리학회 2013 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.4

전기분해를 이용한 산화제의 생성 및 적용

신동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Shin ),조은석 ( Eun Seok Jo ),김형성 ( Hyung Sung Kim ),권재현 ( Jae Hyun Kwon ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2011 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2011 No.-

미경산 모돈의 임신기 사육형태가 파행, 피부손상 및 혈액성상에 미치는 영향

민예진(Ye Jin Min),김조은(Jo Eun Kim),김두완(Doo Wan Kim),정용대(Yong Dae Jeong),조은석(Eun Seok Cho),사수진(Soo Jin Sa),정현정(Hyun Jung Jung),진현주(Hyun Ju Jin),최요한(Yo Han Choi) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.9

본 연구는 미경산 모돈의 임신기 사육형태가 파행, 피부손상 및 혈액성상에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 연구 수행을 위해 미경산돈(Landrace×Yorkshire; 210.67±2.22 ㎏) 40두를 공시하였으며, 4처리 10반복, 반복당 1두씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 처리구는 일반스톨(IS, Individual Stall; 0.65×2.3 ㎡)과 군사사육 형태인 반스톨(SS, Short Stall; 0.65×3.7 ㎡), 자유출입스톨(FAS, Free Access Stall; 3.2×7.7 ㎡) 및 전자식 모돈 급이기(ESF, Electronic Sow Feeder; 4.6×6.0 ㎡)로 총 4처리구로 수행되었다. 시험기간은 임신 56일령부터 110일령까지 수행되었으며, 110일령에 분만틀로 이동하였다. 임신돈 파행과 혈액성상은 전 기간에 걸쳐 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타나지 않았다. 그러나, 피부손상은 1, 5 및 7주차에서 SS, FAS, ESF가 IS에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p <0.05). 또한 3주차와 5주차에서 FAS가 SS보다 피부손상이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p <0.05). 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, 미경산 모돈의 임신기 군사사육(SS, FAS, ESF)은 IS에 비해 높은 피부손상을 보이며, 향후 임신돈 군사사육 시 피부손상을 저감할 수 있는 다양한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The present study investigated the effects of different gestation housing systems on lameness, skin injuries, and blood constituents in primiparous sows. A total of 40 primiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; average initial body weights, 210.67±2.22 ㎏) were randomly assigned to four treatments. The treatments were individual stalls (IS; 0.65×2.3 ㎡), short stalls (SS; 0.65×3.7 ㎡), free access stalls (FAS; 3.2×7.7 ㎡), and electronic sow feeders (ESF; 4.6×6.0 ㎡). The experiment duration was around 54 days, ranging from 56 days after artificial insemination to 5 days before parturition. The sows were transferred to farrowing facilities at 110 days of gestation. There were no differences in sow lameness and blood constituents between the IS and group housing systems and between the group housing systems. However, the skin injuries at 1, 5, and 7 weeks of the sows in the group housing treatment were higher than that of the sows in IS. In addition, the sows in FAS showed higher skin injuries than those in SS at 3 and 5 weeks. As a result, it was concluded that the group housing systems did not negatively affect lameness and blood constituents but may have resulted in an increase in skin injuries. Therefore, additional research is necessary to reduce skin injuries of sows in group housing.

비육돈(78∼118 ㎏)의 표준전장 인 요구량

정용대(Yong Dae Jeong),김조은(Jo-Eun Kim),민예진(Ye-Jin Min),최요한(Yo-Han Choi),김두완(Doo-Wan Kim),진현주(Hyunju Jin),조은석(Eun Seok Cho) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.9

본 연구는 비육돈에서 내생인 손실량(endogenous phosphorus loss)을 고려한 표준전장 인(STTD P, standardized total tract digestible phosphorus) 요구량을 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 시험동물은 120두(수 60두; 암 60두)의 3원 교잡돈(Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc; 개시체중, 78.05±2.47 kg)을 randomized complete block design을 활용해 처리구당 12반복, 반복당 2두(암 1두, 수 1두)씩 배치하였다. 시험사료내 STTD P 수준은 0.14, 0.19, 0.24, 0.29 및 0.34%로 설정하였고 모든 시험사료내 총칼슘 및 총인 비율은 1.25:1로 고정하였으며 사양시험은 5주간 수행하였다. 사양시험 종료일에 처리구당 6두씩 선발하여 대퇴골, 중수골 및 혈액을 수집하여 골광화(bone mineralization) 및 혈액특성을 분석하였다. 일당증체량은 STTD P 수준이 높아짐에 따라 증가하였다(linear and quadratic, p <0.05). 일당사료섭취량 및 사료효율은 STTD P 수준에 따른 유의한 변화가 없지만 STTD P의 섭취량(iSTTD P)은 선형적으로 증가하였다(p <0.05). 또한, iSTTD P:gain 비율은 증가하였다(Linear, p <0.001; quadratic, p =0.051). 혈중 인농도는 사료내 STTD P 수준이 높을수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다(Linear, p =0.059). 대퇴골 내 칼슘 및 인농도는 각각 선형(p <0.05) 및 비선형(p <0.05) 반응을 나타냈다. 사료비는 STTD P가 높을수록 선형적으로 증가하였다(p <0.05). 혈중 대사지표는 사료 내 STTD P 수준에 영향을 받지 않았다. 분석된 조사항목 중 유의한 선형 및 비선형 증가를 나타낸 일당증체량에 대해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 비육돈의 STTD P의 요구량은 0.23%로 확인되었다. This study was conducted to estimate the standardized total tract digestible phosphorous (STTD-P) requirement for finishing pigs. A total of 120 crossbred pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc; barrows, n=60; gilts, n=60; initial body weight (BW), 78.05±2.47kg) were allotted by randomized complete block design so that two pigs (one male and female, respectively) were housed per pen with 12 replicates per treatment. The levels of dietary STTD-P treatments were 0.14, 0.19, 0.24, 0.29, and 0.34%, respectively, to contain 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140% of the requirement of the National Research Council(NRC) for finishers with the fixing of the calcium : phosphorus (Ca:P) ratio at 1.25:1. Increasing STTD-P showed a quadratic response in the ending BW (p <0.1) and the gain:feed (p <0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) showed linear (p <0.05) and quadratic (p <0.05) responses with increasing STTD-P. Also, the intake of STTD-P (iSTTD-P) increased linearly (linear, p <0.05) with rising STTD-P levels. Similarly, iSTTD-P:gain ratio increased linearly (linear, p <0.001; quadratic, p =0.051) with increasing STTD-P. Ca and P concentration in femur showed linear (p <0.05) and quadratic (p <0.05) responses, respectively. Similarly, ash and Ca concentrations in the metacarpal showed quadratic (p <0.05) and linear (p <0.1) increases, respectively, but there was no statistically significant response in blood characteristics to changes in the level of dietary STTD-P. Based on ADG with significantly linear and quadratic responses, the STTD-P requirement was 0.23% by regression analysis using the quadratic polynomial model.