정상 성인의 손목관절 위치가 파악력에 미치는 영향

조용호,황윤태,이미영,김종열,Cho, Yong-Ho,Hwang, Yoon-Tae,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, Jong-Ryul 대한물리치료학회 2007 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wrist position on grip strength. A Grip-Strength is measurement of muscle strength in hand. It is evaluated for the motor function and handicap of hand, projection of treatment plan. It is important because correct treatment. Methods: Total 80 college students were participated in this study, who consisted of 40 males and 40 females(age range: $20{\sim}26$). A Grip-Strength Dynamometer was used to measure the grip strength in three wrist position(flexion, extension, neutral position) and two elbow position(supination, pronation). The ANOVA was conducted to determine any significant difference in grip strength between the wrist position and the two elbow position. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The grip strength was affected by wrist position changes. 2. The difference of grip strength according to elbow position Was not significant difference (p>0.01). 3. The grip strength i1l neutral position was strongest among 3 position of wrist (p<0.01). Conclusion: A Grip-Strength was significant difference in wrist position. Pronation position was minimum grip-strength but not significant difference between supination and pronation.

여성 노인의 발목 각도에 따른 하지근육의 근활성도 변화

조용호,최진호,Cho, Yong-Ho,Choi, Jin-Ho 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: To better understand falls in elderly women, we measured differences in muscle activities of 4 lower extremity muscles (tibialis anterior, soleus, rectus femoris, biceps femoris) based on angle plantar-flexion in elderly women. Methods: Subjects were 15 healthy elderly women. No subjects had musculoskeletal or nervous disorders. EMGs were used to check muscle activity of lower extremity muscles. For statistic analysis, data were expressed as a percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). We measured %MVIC for 5 sec under 4 conditions and did not use data for the first and last second. Muscle activities of the muscles of the lower extremities were measured based on the degree of plantar-flexion of the ankle joint. The 4 conditions corresponded to different degrees of: 0, 10, 20 and 30 degrees. This was done using a 50 cm board for measuring the degrees. Results: The tibialis anterior, soleus, and bicpes femoris showed increasing muscle activity associated with increasing degree of plantar-flexion of the ankle joint. All muscles showed a significant increase in muscle activities in association with increasing degrees. Rectus femoris showed a significant increase in muscle activity for 0 degrees and for the other degrees, but there were no further changes when plantar flexion of the ankle joint was over 10 degrees. Conclusion: Activities of the muscles of the lower extremities except rectus femoris were higher with increasing degree of plantar flexion. High muscle activity may result in muscle fatigue. Thus, increasing degree of plantar flexion may be risk factors of falls in elderly women.

갯기름나물의 근(根)과 경엽(莖葉)의 면역 및 항암 활성 비교연구

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 대한한방피부미용학회 2005 대한한방피부미용학회지 Vol.1 No.1

This study compared the activity of the aerial part of P. japonicum with its root in order to examine the possibility of the medicinal use of the aerial part, which has not been used as medicine, in substitute for the root that has traditionally been used as medicine. For this purpose, the author measured the proliferation of Human $CD4^-$ T cells, which are related to immunity, the differentiation of HL-60 cells, and the contents of IL-6, IgE and $TNF-{\alpha}$ and compared their anti-cancer effect on Hep3B and A549 cells. The results of this study are as follows: 1. As for Human $CD4^-$ T cells, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extract from the aerial part promoted the proliferation of the cells 1.8 times higher while $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extract from the root did by 1.76 times higher compared to the control group. 2. As for HL-60 cells, methanol extract and water extract from the aerial part showed differentiation 1.14 times higher and 1.12 times higher respectively while methanol extract and water extract from the root did 1.14 times higher and 1.07 times higher compared to tile control group. 3. Cell density was highest on Day 4 of culture in all samples, Methanol extracts from the aerial part and the root showed activities of $7.9{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ and $7.5{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ respectively, and water extracts from the aerial part and the root did activities of $5.3{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ and $6.1{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$. 4. The secretion of IL-6 was highest on Day 4 of culture. Methanol extracts from the aerial part and the root showed secretions of $6.7{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ and $7.2{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ respectively, and water extracts from the aerial part and the root did secretions of as high as $7.0{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ and $6.0{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$. 5. As for the production of IgE, water extract from the root effectively inhibited the product at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, methanol extract from the root at $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, water extract from the aerial at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and methanol extract from the aerial part at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 6. According to the result of measuring the content of $TNF-{\alpha}$, methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effect at $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 7. As for liver cancer cell Hep3B, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effects of 78% and 70% respectively, and $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ water extracts from the root and the aerial part did inhibition effects of 56% and 59%. 8. As for lung cancer cell A549, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effects of 75% and 70% respectively, and $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ water extracts from the root and the aerial part did inhibition effects of 48% and 45%. The results of this study presented above show that the aerial part of P. japonicum has immunizing and anti-cancer effects as high as its root, which has commonly been used as medicine. There should be more in-depth research on the aerial part of P. japonicum in the future.

뇌 Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase Isozyme에 미치는 Cycloheximide의 영향

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 생화학분자생물학회 1972 한국생화학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Mouse 뇌의 glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) isozyme에 미치는 cycloheximide의 영향을 관찰하였다. GOT의 supernatant (extramitochondrial) isozyme 은 cycloheximide (1 mg/kg)를 복강내 주입한 후 2시간~4시간에 약 20~30% 억제하였으며 그 후로는 점차 활성이 정상으로 회복되었다. 이에 대하여 mitochondrial isozyme은 cycloheximide에 의하여 아무런 영향도 받지 아니하였다. Cycloheximide는 뇌 GOT-isozyme 중 가용성 분획의 GOT 동위효소단백의 생합성을 선태척으로 억제하였으며, 기존된 supernatant isozyme이 mitochondria 것에 비하여 조절적 기능이 보다 더 잘 발휘 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Of the two isozymes of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in mouse brain, only the supernatant (extramitochondrial) isozyme was inhibited 20~30% at 2 to 4 hours after the intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide (1 mg/kg) into mice. By contrast, the mitochondrial one was not affected at all by cycloheximide. It was suggested that the diminution of the supernatant isozyme activity might be caused by the inhibition of the biosynthesis of the enzyme GOT. And the supernatant isozyme of the brain GOT is more regulatory than the mitochondrial one.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide 생합성에 미치는 Cycloheximide의 영향

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 생화학분자생물학회 1972 한국생화학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The effects of cycloheximide on the biosynthesis of hepatic NAD from nicotinamide have been investigated in mice by following the changes in the level of NAD and observing the incorporation of nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$ into the biosynthetic intermediates of NAD, namely, niacin mononucleotide, desamido-NAD and NAD. Cycloheximide (1 mg/kg) inhibited markedly the increase in the hepatic NAD induced by nicotinamide (500 mg/kg). Cycloheximide when given alone, however, did not cause any change in the normal levels of liver NAD. The analysis for the incorporation of nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$ into biosynthetic precursors of NAD revealed that cycloheximide inhibited the increased biosynthesis of NAD induced by nicotinamide by causing the accumulation of desamido-NAD and niacin mononucleotide in livers. It is suggested from these results that cycloheximide inhibits hepatic NAD biosynthesis from nicotinamide by blocking mainly the enzyme system that converts desamido-NAD to NAD, e.g., NAD synthetase. Nicotinamide로부터 NAD가 생합성되는데 미치는 cycloheximide의 영향을 보기 위하여 mouse에 nicotinamide와 cycloheximide를 투여한 후에 간 NAD량을 측정하고, 또 동시에 nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$이 NAD 생합성계의 중간체(niacin mononucleotide와 desamido-NAD)와 NAD에 진입되는 율을 관찰하였다. Nicotinamide 투여에 의한 간 NAD의 증량은 cycloheximide(1mg/kg)로 말미암아 현저히 억제되었다. 그러나 cycloheximide 단독 투여는 간의 정상 NAD량에 아무런 영향을 주지 아니 하였다. Nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$이 NAD합성 중간체에 진입되는 양상을 분석한 결과 cycloheximide는 nicotinamide로부터 생성되는 desamido-NAD와 niacin mononucleotide의 축척을 가져오므로써 nicotinamide 유발의 NAD 증량을 억제함을 알 수 있었고, 따라서 cycloheximide는 주로 NAD 생합성 효소계 중 desamido-NAD가 NAD로 전환되는 반응에 억제적으로 작용함이 시사되었다.

적극적 대중 포교가로서의 ｢祭亡妹歌｣ 연구

조용호(Cho Yong ho) 한국고전연구학회 2016 한국고전연구 Vol.0 No.34

이 논문은 ｢제망매가｣에 대한 기존논의들이 미해결로 남겨 놓은 중대한 문제들을 명시하고, 그 문제의 해결책을 제시하려는 목적에서 집필한 것이다. 나는 그 문제들의 핵심을 언어적인 것, 논리적인 것, 상황적인 것으로 나누어 정리하였다. 그리고 그 모든 문제의 해결책은 노래의 청자를 죽은 월명의 누이가 아니라, 월명이 천도재를 지낼 때 참여하여 도와주던 사람들이라고 보고, 노랫말을 새롭게 해석하는 데에서 찾을 수 있다고 보았다. 이런 생각을 논리적으로 펼쳐가는 과정에서, 우선은 원문의 한자 ‘吾’를 죽은 누이(앞에 나온 글자)와 나(뒤에 나온 글자)라고 나누어 보는 견해들에 반대하고, 월명과 청중을 모두 포함하는 복수인 ‘우리’라고 해독하였다. 그러면 일관되게 월명이 청중을 향해 발화하는 양상으로 나타난다. 그 외에도 여러 문제적인 구절들을 다시 해독하여 논리에 일관성을 갖추고자 하였다. 월명은 누이의 천도재를 지내면서, 제사에 동참하는 사람들을 향하여 6도의 윤회를 거듭하는 숙명을 타고난 인간의 한계를 각성시켰다. 그리고 6도를 윤회하는 반복성에서 벗어나기 위해서는 부처의 가르침을 믿고 올바르게 수양을 해야 한다는 진리를 제시하였다. 그렇게 하여 모두 극락세계에 간다면 다시는 윤회의 길을 떠돌지도 않을 뿐만 아니라, 현재 인간세계에서 맺고 있는 소중한 인연을 계속하여 이어갈 수 있다는 것이 이 노래에 투영된 월명의 의도였다. 그런 점에서 ｢제망매가｣는 적극적인 대중 포교가라고 할 수 있다. This dissertation was written for the purpose to suggest some problems that were unsolved in existing discussions about Je-mang-mae-ga and to offer solutions for them. I divided the problems by three categories: linguistic problem, logical problem, and situational problem. The solutions of these problems could be found in a new interpretation of the lyrics of it. The focus of this interpretation was a change in understanding of the listener. I thought that the listener of the song was not the sister of Wol-myeong(the author of Je-mang-mae-ga), but the people who participated in Cheon-do-jae(the ritual that guides the soul of dead person to paradise) and helped to go through the ritual. In the course of developing this thought, firstly, I opposed to an opinion that the letter ‘吾’(‘oh’ that means ‘I’ or ‘We’) had two references. In this opinion, while ‘吾’ referred to the dead sister of Wol-myeong in the fore part, it meant ‘I’(Wol-myeong) in the latter part. Instead, I interpreted it as ‘u-ri’(the plural form of ‘I’) that included not only Wol-myeong but also the people. On the base of this interpretation, Je-mang-mae-ga could consistently considered as a locutionary act from Wol-myeong to the people. In addition to that, I tried to establish a logical consistency of the interpretation of Je-mang-mae-ga by re-deciphering several problematic phrases. As having performed Ceon-do-jae for his sister, Wol-myeong aroused the people in the situation human limitation that they had to be trapped in Samsara(the eternal cycle of birth, death, and rebirth). Furthermore, he suggested the truth that people had to trust the teaching of Buddha and rightly improve their minds for escaping from the repeat of Samsara. Eventually, it was Wol-myeong’s intention being projected in this song that, if people could go to paradise by practicing the truth, they did not only wander around Samsara but also could support their precious connections in the human world. At the point of this view, Je-mang-mae-ga could be defined as the positive missionary song of Buddhism.

당위와 이상과 현실의 접점에서

조용호(Yong-ho Cho) 한국고전연구학회 2023 한국고전연구 Vol.- No.61

이 글은 ‘대학의 전공 교육으로서 고전문학의 새로운 길 찾기’라는 기획 발표에서 기조 논문으로 작성된 것이다. 이미 많은 교육자들이 고전문학 교육을 위한 새로운 방법을 제시했음에도 불구하고, 이런 논의가 지속된다는 것은 고전문학 교육에서 야기되는 문제가 개인적인 역량의 차원을 넘어서는 곳에 이유를 두고 있다는 것을 뜻한다. 나는 그 원인이 대학에 대한 대중의 요구와 사회구조의 변화에 있다고 판단하였다. 그리고 고전문학 교육의 현재 상황과 나아가야 할 방향을 우리나라의 교육과정 변천사, 국어국문학과에 개설된 교과목, 졸업생의 진로환경이란 문제와 관련시켜 논하였다. 이것들은 각각 교수자, 교육과정, 학생에 초점을 맞춘 논지 전개이다. 먼저 교육과정기의 추이를 검토한 결과로 교수자들이 세대마다 특장점이 있다는 점을 밝혔다. 그래서 중견급 이상의 교수들은 지식의 토대를 확충하여 주는 기본 과목을 강의하고 소장학자들은 고전문학의 현대적 활용에 대한 교육을 나누어 강의하는 것이 바람직하다고 보았다. 다음으로는 여러 대학의 국어국문학과 교육과정을 검토하였다. 그 결과로 지식 습득을 위한 기본 과목과 현대적 활용을 위한 과목이 적절하게 분할되는 것이 좋으며, 지방대학에서는 해당 지역에서 창작된 작품 및 작가에 대한 연구와 강의가 필요하다고 보았다. 마지막으로는 졸업생들의 진로와 관련된 과목을 중시할 필요성에 대하여 논하였다. 여기에서는 고전문학 콘텐츠를 활용한 시나리오 작성과 영상 제작에 대한 강의가 필요하지만, 조만간 설치될 것으로 보이는 교육전문대학원 진학을 위해 기본 과목에 대한 강의도 소홀히 해서는 안 된다고 강조하였다. 그렇지만 이런 역할 분담과 함께 연구와 해석을 통한 지식의 생산과 축적이라는 과업이 지속적으로 수행되어야 한다는 점을 결코 잊어서는 안 된다. 이 글은 개별적인 수업의 사례에 대한 제시가 아니고 고전문학 교육의 방향성을 제안하는 성격을 지닌 채 시작된 것이었다. 따라서 고전문학 교육을 위한 특별한 방안을 제시하는 대신에, 전공 교육으로서의 고전문학 교육을 활성화할 수 있는 기반에 대하여 논할 수밖에 없었다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 고전문학 교육이 성공할 수 있는 가장 중요한 비결은 교육 당사자들 사이에서 형성되는 바람직한 인간관계와 화합이라고 보았다. 이것이야말로 교육을 위해 필요한 기본 중의 기본이기 때문이다. This article was written as a keynote paper in a planning presentation titled “Finding a New Way to Classical Literature as a Major Education of the University.” Although many educators have already suggested new ways to educate classical literature, discussions on this topic are repeated. This means that the problems arising from classical literature education are reasoned beyond the dimension of personal competence. I judged that the cause was the public’s demand for universities and changes in the social structure. In addition, the current situation and direction of classical literature education were viewed from three directions. These are the history of changes in Korea’s education curriculum period, curriculum opened in the Department of Korean Language and Literature, and the career environment of graduates. These are the development of thesis focusing on instructors, curriculum, and students, respectively. First of all, as a result of reviewing the trend of the education curriculum period, professors revealed that each generation has features. Therefore, it was desirable for senior professors to give lectures on basic subjects that expand the foundation of knowledge, and young professors to share education on the modern use of classical literature. Next, the curriculum of the Department of Korean Language and Literature at various universities was reviewed. As a result, it is recommended that basic subjects for knowledge acquisition and subjects for modern use be properly divided, and local universities need to study and lecture on literary works and writers created in the region. Finally, it emphasized the need to open subjects related to the career paths of graduates. This includes lectures on scenario creation and video production using classical literature contents. However, it was also emphasized that lectures on basic subjects should be emphasized in order to enter the education school, which is expected to be established soon. However, it should never be forgotten that the task of producing and accumulating knowledge through research and interpretation should be continuously carried out along with this division of roles. This article began with the character of suggesting the direction of classical literature education, not presenting examples of individual classes. Therefore, instead of suggesting a special plan for classical literature education, we had no choice but to discuss the framework in which classical literature education as a major education could be activated. Nevertheless, the most important secret to the success of classical literature education was the warm human relationships and harmony formed between the educational parties. This is because this is one of the basics necessary for education.

유송잡물에 의한 홍수위 상승 영향분석 : 삽교천의 선우대교를 중심으로

조용호(Cho Yong Ho),정상만(Jeong Sang Man),한규하(Han Kyu Ha),신광섭(Shin Kwang Seob) 대한토목학회 2007 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

현대행정(現代行政)과 행정소송(行政訴訟)의 제문제(諸問題) ; 임용결격(任用缺格),당연퇴직공무원(當然退職公務員)과 퇴직급여(退職給與)

조용호 ( Yong Ho Cho ) 법조협회 2000 法曹 Vol.49 No.7

5-포트 접합을 이용한 직접변환 수신기에서의 I/Q 재생 알고리즘

조용호(Cho Yong Ho),김병욱(Kim Byung Wook),박동조(Park Dong Jo) 한국통신학회 2006 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.7