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An Improved Entropy Based Sensing by Exploring Phase Information
Haowei Lee(이호위),Junrong Gu(구준롱),SungHwan Sohn(손성환),SungJeen Jang(장성진),JaeMoung Kim(김재명) 한국통신학회 2010 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.35 No.9a
In this paper, we present a new sensing method based on phase entropy. Entropy is a measurement which quantifies the information content contained in a signal. For the PSK modulation, the information is encoded in the phase of the transmitted signal. By focusing on phase, more information is collected during sensing, which suggests a superior performance. The sensing based on Phase entropy is not limited to PSK signal. We generalize it to PAM signal as well. It is more advantageous to detect the phase. The simulation results have confirmed the excellent performance of this novel sensing algorithm.
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이호형,신승엽,유창근,위승명 대한척추외과학회 2022 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.29 No.2
Study Design: Retrospective study. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to perform an independent interobserver and intraobserver agreement study of the AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System, including surgeons with different levels of expertise in spinal trauma. Summary of Literature Review: The new AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System is widely used at most trauma centers worldwide. This classification has shown substantial interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility when it was evaluated by its authors, the world leaders in spinal trauma; however, there is a lack of evidence for its reproducibility among surgeons with different levels of expertise. Materials and Methods: Plain radiographs and computed tomographic scans of 166 acute traumatic thoracolumbar injury cases were reviewed and classified using the morphological grading of the new AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System twice by four evaluators (two spine surgeons and two senior orthopedic surgery residents) 1 month apart. Results: The interobserver reliability was substantial for all cases (κ =0.71; 95% CI, 0.70-0.72). The kappa coefficients for each fracture morphology type were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.72-0.74) for type A injuries, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.45-0.91) for type B injuries, and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71- 0.81) for type C injuries. The intraobserver reproducibility was also substantial for all cases (κ =0.84; 95% CI, 0.80-0.87). No significant differences were observed in the overall interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility depending on the surgeons’ experience. Conclusions: The new AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System was demonstrated to have adequate interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility in Korea, regardless of the surgeons’ experience.
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PAPR Reduction Using Hybrid Schemes for Satellite Communication System
김재명,조자빈,이호위,손성환,Kim, Jae-Moung,Zhao, Zibin,Li, Hao-Wei,Sohn, Sung-Hwan Korea Society of Satellite Technology 2008 한국위성정보통신학회논문지 Vol.3 No.2
In the future, satellite communication systems, such as ISDB in Japan and DVB in Europe, are required to support higher transmission date rate for providing multimedia services including HDTV, high rate data communication etc. Considering the effectiveness of OFDM technique in efficient usage of frequency bandwidth and its robustness to the multi-path fading, several OFDM based standards have been proposed for satellite communication. However, the problem of high Peak to Average Power Ratio is one of the main obstacles for the implementation of OFDM based system. Many PAPR reduction schemes have been proposed for OFDM systems. Among these, the partial transmit sequences (PTS) is attractive as they obtain better PAPR property by modifying OFDM signals without distortion. In this paper, considering the complexity issue, we present a simplified minimum maximum (minimax) criterion and Sub-Optimal PTS algorithm to optimize the phase factor. This algorithm can be dynamically made tradeoff`f between performance and complexity on demand. In addition, we integrate guided scrambling (GS) with this method. Simulation in multiple antenna based OFDM system proves that the proposed Hybrid schemes can get much more PAPR reduction and do not require transmission of side information (SI). Thus it is helpful when implementing OFDM technique in satellite communication system.
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