트랜스내셔널 소설에서의 참여의 의미

이영아(Young A Lee) 한국현대소설학회 2014 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.56

Transnational novel takes notice of beings that creat new reciprocal culture through their contacts with other cultures in multicultural age. Accordingly the subject, I, should become ``a reflective subject`` objectifying oneself in the presence of others rather than ``a egocentric subject`` revolving around unversal identity. The reflective subject transfigured through self crack could form solidarity with others and make one``s way to the existing social structure and finally develop new social order. This study was conduted to investigate the transfiguration of the subject, the solidarity with others and social engagement in a transnational novel, 「My stepbrothers」 written by Myungrang Lee. In this novel Youngwon, living in Youngdeungpo market as a minor and runaway girl, undergoes ``being looked at`` by others from ``looking at`` others. This experience is not passive one since she transfigures herself to the reflective subject by writing her observation on people in market, finding out life will from them, feeling compassion toward them and building self-identity. At last Youngwon refigured as a flective subject makes new order through forming solidarity with others in the market. The writer has Korean recognize anew the notions of others and their community because they are suffering from the ignorance of others and the conflicts with others. In this context, the murder of ``Team up, uncle``, who is a symbol of an egocentric subject, means a kind of warning not to stay in past hegemony and ideology. In conclusion, the writer persist the active and concrete engagement suitable for the multicultural society.

Detection of ClO₄^- via A Hypersensitive Receptor : Unusual Electrostatic Equilibria between Host and Guest in Aqueous Media

이영아,홍종기,정옥상,Lee, Young-A,Hong, Jongki,Jung, Ok-Sang The Korean Society of Analytical Science 2002 분석과학 Vol.15 No.1

A useful receptor for the sensing of ${CIO_4}^-$ species with remarkable selectivity has been developed. The hypersensitive interaction between a host and a guest has been investigated for the complex $[Pd(Me_4en)(Py_2S){\cdot}2ClO_4]_4$ ($Me_4en$ = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; $Py_2S$ = 4,4'-dipyridyl sulfide). The pyridyl moiety of $Py_2S$ exhibits two sets of $^1H$ resonances that are delicately dependent upon temperature, concentration, and media. The nonrigidity has been explained in terms of an electrostatic equilibrium between the tetrameric host and the ${CIO_4}^-$ guest. The equilibrium is a useful method for the detection of ${CIO_4}^-$ anion with remarkable selectivity via "a restricted guest within a big host" in aqueous solution.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cyclodimetric Ag(I) Complex with 2,3-Bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine

김은주,이영아,이욱,정옥상,Kim, Yun-Ju,Lee, Young-A,Lee, Uk,Jung, Ok-Sang Korea Crystallographic Association 2000 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

The slow of 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyarzine(bpp) with Ag(CF₃CO₂) produces crystalline product suitable for X-ray crystallography. Crystallographic characterization of the crystal (C/sub 32/H/sub 20/-F/sub 6/N/sub 8/O₄Ag₂: triclinic P1, a=8.518(5)Å, b=9.546(2)Å, c=10.632(1)Å, α=81.11(1)°, β=87.61(3)°, γ=75.66(3)°, V=827.5(5)ų, Z=1, R=0.0431) has provided that the complex is a cyclic dimer [Ag(bpp)(CF₃CO₂)]₂. Each bpp ligand connects two tetrahedral silver(I) ions in a tridentate mode (Ag-N, 2.26()-2.43(2)Å), and the trifluoroacetato anion is bonded to each silver(I) atom in a monodentate fashion (Ag-O, 2.38(1); 2.39(2) Å). The skeletal cyclic dimer is stable up to 212℃, and drastically decomposes around this temperature.

미용실 종사자의 직무스트레스와 파트너십이 자기효능감에 미치는 영향

이영아(Young-A Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2015 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This study attempted to determine the effects of job stress and partnership on self-efficacy in beauty salon workers and to develop a plan to enhance this self-efficacy. The study results found the following: First, an analysis of the effects of job stress on self-efficacy revealed that job dissatisfaction, job understanding and job pressure had a negative effect on self-efficacy. In ‘coping with a certain situation,’ a sub variable of self-efficacy, job understanding and job pressure showed a negative effect. In addition, job dissatisfaction and job understanding had a negative effect on confidence, and job dissatisfaction also revealed a negative effect on challenging attitude. According to the analysis of the effects of partnership on self-efficacy, interdependence and hierarchical atmosphere revealed a positive effect on self-efficacy. In ‘coping with a certain situation,’ only interdependence showed a positive effect. Furthermore, interdependence, user-centered culture, and hierarchical atmosphere had a negative effect on confidence while only interdependence revealed a positive effect on challenging attitude. To help beauty salon employees enhance their self-efficacy at work, therefore, it is critical to reduce job stress. Since partnership can also improve self-efficacy, it is also needed to strengthen the partnership between beauty salon workers and customers.

미용종사원의 감정노동이 이직의도에 미치는 영향 - 직무만족의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

이영아 ( Young A Lee ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2017 한국디자인포럼 Vol.56 No.-

Background The purpose of this research is to take a look at the relationships between the emotional labors, the job satisfaction, and the intentions to change the jobs of the beauty treatment employees and to present a plan for reducing the intentions to change jobs by analyzing the mediating effects of the job satisfaction in the relationship between the emotional labor and the intention to change the job. Methods Emotional labor as an independent variable, intention to change the job as a dependent variable, and job satisfaction as parameters. A questionnaire was conducted on 204 employees of the beauty salon. SPSS and AMOS were used for analysis. Result The route from the emotional labor to the job satisfaction had the negative (-) influence, the route from the job satisfaction to the intention to change the job was showing a negative (-) influence, and the route from the emotional labor to the intention to change the job was having a positive (+) influence. As a result of analyzing the mediating effects of the job satisfaction regarding the influences of the emotional labor to the intention to change the job, it was showing a partial mediating effect. Conclusion As a result, the improvement of the working environment is necessary. And the education for improving the self-regard of the employees at the beauty parlors is necessary. Also, the meticulous customer management and the plans for the active coping regarding the bad customers are necessary.

'난민'의 자기보존성 연구 - 황석영의 <바리데기>를 중심으로 -

이영아 ( Lee Young-a ) 한양대학교 동아시아문화연구소 2017 동아시아 문화연구 Vol.68 No.-

This study was conducted to examine self-preservation of refugees with “Baridegi” written by Hwang Seok-young on the basis of Spinozistic self-preservation. `Bari` as a refugee escapes from North Korea to China and then moves to England. Bari resettles and starts her new life in England through self-preservation as a refugee. Bari has `spiritual` ability that makes Bari communicate with a dog named Chilseongi and experience interaction with the world of the dead. In addition, Bari`s spiritual ability make it possible that Bari communicates with `Madam Emily` who is descendant of the British Empire. Bari`s new life is the result of heal through communication with living things. Bari finds otherness in herself through space and other faces. Bari takes a `absolutely hospital` attitude beyond race, religion, nationalism. Absolute hospitality is based on ethicality that a person need others to be in existence. Bari goes to the world of the dead to fail finding life-giving water. Through the continuing dialogue with Abdul, an old man, Bari recognizes that we all made the present world like hell and we all should solve these condition and we all must be solidarity subjects. Therefore life-giving water is re-interpreted as `tears for others` and `hope for others and world`. In conclusion, the aspects of self-preservation presented through Bari are the communication with living things, self-recognition as a refugee and re-interpretation of Bari and life-giving water as solidarity and hope.

조선시대 여성의 이미지 변화 과정 연구 -머리 모양을 중심으로-

이영아 ( Young A Lee ) 한국동양예술학회 2013 동양예술 Vol.22 No.-

The objective of this study was to examine distinctive changes in hair-style in Lee Dynasty times at different temporal stages, that is, the early, middle, and late stage. The results were summarized as follows. In the early Lee Dynasty when the basic system was still being founded, women were forced to keep their hair-style according to their status and roles and the new hair-style and the typical hair-style of Koryo Dynasty were mingled. In the middle stage characteristic of politics controlled by groups of confucian scholar-officials, round-shaped wigs called gha-ches were in vogue. The price of a gha-che was high enough to be worth an adult cow. In the late stage that featured a single party political system dominated by No-ron party, wearing gha-ches was prohibited. As a result, a new triangle-shaped Cheopji hair-style (so called because a hairpin called cheopji was used) appeared first in the royal court and spreaded to other parts of the country. The shapes were further split into different sub-categories according to the status of individuals. In conclusion, over the many hundred years of Lee Dynasty the women``s hair-style changed, roughly reflecting different degrees of social instability, that is, the coexistence of the two different styles in the early stage, the appearance of the spectacular Gha-che style in the middle stage, and lastly the advent of cheopjis put on hairs together with the prohibition of gha-ches in the late stage.

중년 여성의 체형에 관한 연구 : 실제 체형과 이상 체형을 중심으로

이영아(Lee Young-A) 한복문화학회 2011 韓服文化 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this research is to lay the foundation that middle aged woman takes care of more healthy, beautiful, attractive external features and prepares successful ageing on studying a difference of recognition between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype after we examine an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype in the object of about 40-50 middle-aged woman, dwells in Seoul·GyeongGi-Do, is the main group of a home consumption socially. The result of comparing a difference between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype was showing that in case of a facial form, the group which their faces are an egg-shaped prefers an egg-shaped and the group which their faces are a round-shaped prefers a round-shaped. In case of a silhouette, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a shoulder's type, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a shoulder-waist line, all groups prefer a Y line most. In case of a breast's form and In case of a back's from and in case of a buttocks' form and in case of a leg's form, all groups prefers a normal type most. On putting together research result as yet, middle aged women wish a similar somatotype irrespective of an age, an obesity measurement and this means a recognition of making an effort to be beautiful is alike. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize a somatotype of middle-aged women uprightly and it must be accomplished a continuous, systematic consultation and education about a weight-control on exercising and not to mention of making a desirable eating habit.

Teachers' Knowledge and Perceptions about Phonemic Awareness and Phonics

이영아(Young A Lee) 한국초등영어교육학회 2014 초등영어교육 Vol.20 No.4

Despite increased emphasis on the role of phonemic awareness and phonics in the L2 reading literature, there has been a dearth of research on whether teachers perceive them to be essential parts of L2 reading instruction and have adequate knowledge to implement them. The present study examined the perceptions and knowledge of 129 Korean elementary English teachers about phonemic awareness and phonics through a perception survey and a knowledge assessment. The findings revealed that although the majority of the participants recognized the importance of code-emphasis instruction for L2 learners, their knowledge of phonemic awareness and phonics was not well developed. While a significant number of teachers agreed that awareness of phonemes and syllables in words is essential in acquiring spelling-sound relations, only a handful of teachers were able to count phonemes and syllables correctly in all assessed words. Most of the participants agreed that students should be instructed to sound out unfamiliar words with their working knowledge of spelling-sound correspondences, but not many of them were able to identify target graphemephoneme relations consistently in words nor were able to consistently distinguish between regular and irregular words. The findings also indicate that current English teacher preparation programs may not include sufficient content training in the English speech sound system and its multi-layered orthographic system.

빈곤지역 유형별 빈곤층 생활에 관한 연구

이영아 ( Young A Lee ),정윤희 ( Youn Hee Jeong ) 한국도시지리학회 2012 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This paper aims to classify deprived areas, explore internal and external awareness of deprived areas by the types classified and, finally, find out the effect of geographical factors on poor people who live in deprived areas. By in-depth interviews with residents, social workers and civil servants in deprived areas selected, three classified areas - old and lower conditioned residential areas, permantly rented public housing areas and multi-family housing areas - are considered as geographical factors to analyse the characteristics of deprived areas. This paper concludes that internal and external awareness of deprived areas or social exclusion depend on their physical and demographic characteristics and deprived people do not experience poverty culture by the place where they live. However they have experienced negative area effects by social stigma from outside. This paper finally suggests that multi-family housing areas, where are recently highlighted as new residential areas for impoverished people, need more political considerations for the near future.