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신성식,민병문,탁민제 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
In this paper, an innovative approach to retrofit an existing baseline controller with adaptive function approximator is presented. The structure of approximator is composed of a linear combination for parameter and basis function. While the previous researches are mainly based on the function approximator using neural network, this paper presents the method to use the chebyshev polynomial as basis function and the parameter update law derived via Lyapunov analysis method. The benefits of this method are that the computational load is very low and also the structure of approximator is very simple in comparison to neural network method. since the complexity of flight control software bring about the reduction of reliability, this method is valuable in the face of the improvement of reliability. From simulation results, we know that the preposed method is very effective in the presence of aerodynamic uncertainties.
WTO TBT협정의 기술규제 요인이 무역에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구
신성식 한국관세학회 2020 관세학회지 Vol.21 No.1
A study of trends in the TBT agreement between the WTO and the FTA over the past decade showed that technology regulatory barriers are still high in developed countries. In particular, the number of TBT notifications for technology regulations has surged in developing countries. This trend was confirmed by the WTO's TBT notification and the number of annual TBT notices by specific trade issues, and from the trend of TBT notification by Specific Trade Concerns(STC), the scope and scope of industrial and item sectors were expanded in a variety of ways, different from the past. The hypothesis of this study shows that the degree of economic development is closely correlated with the factors influencing technology regulation in developing countries. For this reason, developing countries are using technology-regulated measures as a protective measure to achieve economic development quickly and are using them to serve as trade barriers. However, compared with developed countries that have shown negative(-) correlation with developed countries that have shown positive(+) correlation among factors of technology regulation, advanced countries are more effectively using technology regulation measures as a means of protectionism. On the other hand, technology levels have been shown to have a significant impact on technology regulation measures in advanced countries, especially responding more sensitively to environmental factors such as carbon dioxide emissions. Overall, if in the past the causes of technology regulatory measures were initiated by differences in economic levels, recent trends could be seen as being sensitive to technology levels and using them as non-tariff barriers. 최근 10년간 WTO의 TBT협정과 FTA의 TBT협정의 동향을 살펴본 결과 선진국을 중심으로 기술규제장벽이 여전히 높은 것으로 나타났고, 특히 개도국들에서 기술규제에 대한 TBT 통보건수가 급증한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 WTO의 TBT 통보문과 특정무역현안의 연도별 건수를 통해 확인할 수 있었으며 또한산업․품목별 TBT 통보문 건수의 동향에서 과거와는 다르게 산업과 품목 분야의 대상과 범위가 다양하게확대되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 가설에서 예상한 개도국들의 기술규제에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 경제발전정도가 밀접한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났기 때문에 개도국들이 급속한 경제발전을달성하기 위한 보호수단으로서 기술규제 조치를 무역장벽으로 활용하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나기술규제의 요인 중에서 무역개방도가 개도국들의 경우 부(-)의 상관관계가 나타남으로서 정(+)의 상관관계가 나타난 선진국이 개도국들 보다는 기술규제 조치를 보호무역 수단으로 더 효과적으로 활용하고 있는것으로 나타났다. 한편 선진국들의 기술규제 조치에 기술수준정도가 중요한 요인으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 특히 이산화탄소 배출량과 같은 환경요인에 의해 더 민감하게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 과거에는 각국의 기술규제 조치가 경제수준의 차이로 부터 기인되었다면, 최근 들어서는 기술수준에 따라 민감하게 반응하거나 비관세장벽 수단으로 대체하여 활용하는 양상으로 변모하였다고 볼 수있다.
A Comparative Study on the Intellectual Property Indicators Development for National Competitiveness
신성식 한국관세학회 2008 관세학회지 Vol.9 No.2
This study analyzes the intellectual property competitiveness indicators of Korea which presents the complex indicators as the measuring indicators of intellectual property and of the indicators to be compared and Korea has the remarkable competitiveness at the aspect of quantitative creation but shows the big difference from the compared indicators at the aspect of the other qualitative creation. Especially, intellectual property environment among the basic indicators shows the low correlation coefficient value of under 0.7 at almost the whole items and intellectual property environment was appeared to be relatively insignificant. Accordingly, in case of Korea, the development of indicators considering the qualitative creation in developing the new complex indicators is seemed to be required. Although there is the limit that, at present, the method to measure intellectual property indicators and the indicators items are not internationally unified and, except for the hard data utilized in the existing indicators items, it is difficult to secure the reliability of qualitative data, the development of indicators which play the role in properly analyzing the effects on the international trade and the economic benefit as the intellectual property indicators seems to be the factor which is surely required.