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송명관,권순조 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.6
Drug delivery through the intranasal route has several advantages. The intranasal route provides higher bioavailability than oral administration, and it can bypass liver digestion of the drug, which is expected in the case of oral administration. However, there are some disadvantages in intranasal drug delivery: Drug residence time in the nasal cavity is short, and the permeation efficiency through the nasal epithelium is unsatisfactory. Several strategies to enhance intranasal permeation efficiency or increase retention time have been studied. Previous studies indicated that mechanical stresses could enhance paracellular permeability. In this study, we exposed human nasal epithelial cells to mechanical vibrations (0.6 × g, 38 Hz) to increase cellular permeability. There was no significant decrease in cell viability under all mechanical vibration conditions tested. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) decreased by approximately 35% and paracellular permeability of fluorescein sodium salt (MW 376Da; NaFI) increased by about 15% following exposure of human nasal epithelial cells to mechanical vibration (20 min, 0.6 × g). Gene expressions of tight junction and adherens junctions were not significantly changed. The ratio of G-actin to F-actin was analyzed to assess changes in the cytoskeletal structure under mechanical vibration. Following exposure of cells to mechanical vibration, the G-actin to F-actin cytoskeletal ratio increased 2.3-fold compared to the control cells.
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송명관,김선훈,Song, Myung-Kwan,Kim, Sun-Hoon 한국전산구조공학회 2007 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.20 No.3
The finite element linear buckling analysis of folded plate structures using adaptive h-refinement methods is presented in this paper. The variable-node flat shell element used in this study possesses the drilling D.O.F. which, in addition to improvement of the element behavior, permits an easy connection to other elements with six degrees of freedom per node. The Box-typed structures can be analyzed using these developed flat shell elements. By introducing the variable-node elements some difficulties associated with connecting the different layer patterns, which are common in the adaptive h-refinement on quadrilateral mesh, can be overcome. To obtain better stress field for the error estimation, the super-convergent patch recovery is used. The convergent buckling modes and the critical loads associated with these modes can be obtained.
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송명관,신인애,류태인,갈영순,진성호,이명진 한국화상학회 2008 한국화상학회지 Vol.14 No.4
Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV)-based copolymer, poly[2-(4'-perfluorodecyl‐1H,1H,2H,2H-dimethylsilylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene-co-2-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-5‐methoxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (p-RFSiPh-PPV-co-OC1C10-PPV) have been synthesized by a Gilch polymerization method. Newly synthesized copolymer is highly soluble in common organic solvents. The defect-free uniformly thin films easily formed onto the indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate. The resulting copolymer had high molecular weights with narrow polydispersity and high thermal stability up to 400℃. Double layer organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with an ITO/PEDOT/Polymer/Al configuration was fabricated by using the p-RFSiPh-PPV-co-OC1C10-PPV. The maximum EL emission and brightness of p-RFSiPh-PPV-co-OC1C10-PPV were observed at 588 nm and 1,640 cd/m2 at 9.6 V, respectively.
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송명관,박진수,김열호,Anwarul Karim,진성호,Ryang So Ree,조영래,제갈영순,이재욱 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.7
A new series of phenothiazine-based polymeric electrolytes were developed to obtain a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC_s). Phenothiazine-based click polymers were synthesized using Cu(I)-catalyzed click reaction methods. The resulting polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and had a reasonable molecular weight. The thermal properties, emission spectra, and energy band gap of synthesized click polymers were also investigated. The polymer electrolytes were composed of iodide and triiodide redox species embedded in phenothiazine-based click polymers or polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a polymer matrix. DSSCs were fabricated with a configuration of SnO_2:F/TiO_2/N719 dye/polymer electrolyte/Pt devices using these click polymers or PAN as an electrolyte components and compared photovoltaic performance. The maximum PCE of the phenothiazine-based click polymers as polymer electrolytes for DSSCs was obtained 5.30% (at 1 sun). These enhanced click polymers are expected to find applications as an electrolyte component in DSSCs in the future.
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