거시적 방법을 이용한 지역별 정전비용 평가

박충열,허창수,Park, Choong-Yeul,Huh, Chang-Su 한국조명전기설비학회 2005 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

최근의 전기사업은 전력산업 구조개편과 맞물려 전력계통의 공급신뢰도가 큰 문제로 대두되고 있다. 또한 에너지-산업 간의 경쟁 심화로 공급자 측에서의 공급신뢰도와 관련된 환경조건 변화가 고려되어야 한다. 즉 다른 에너지와의 요금 격차로 인해 수용가가 전력에너지를 타 에너지로 변환할 가능성이 있어 전력공급 신뢰도의 일률적 향상은 반드시 필수적인 전략이라고 말할 수 없기 때문에 이와 같은 문제점에 효율적으로 대처하기 위해서는 수용가의 공급신뢰도와 정전비용에 대한 반응을 감지할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 대내외적인 환경에 대처하기 위해 매크로 접근방법을 이용하여 국내 각 지역별로 수용가 정전비용을 년도별로 평가하였다. 즉 각 시도별로 공공용, 서비스업, 농림${\cdot}$어업, 광업, 제조업, 주택용 수용가에 대해 수용가 정전비용과 전기요금 단가에 대한 비율을 평가하였다. Reliability of electric power supply by power system becomes major issue as the electric power industry is recently being regulated. Also a change of environmental condition related to power supply reliability should be considered in the view of power supplier since the competition between energy-industries is strengthen. In other words, because customers may choose other energy source instead of electric power due to an expensive energy charge, enhancing recklessly the reliability of power supply might not be an essential strategy. So to effectively cope with this problem, it is necessary to perceive the reaction of customers against power supply reliability and interruption cost. This paper evaluates the annual interruption costs of customers by regional groups in Korea using a macro approach to cope with these internal and external environment. That is, the each ratio of customer's interruption costs to price of electric power charge is evaluated for public, service, agricultural, fishery, mining, manufactural, and residential consumption by every cities and provinces.

외과적 보조의 급속상악확장술 : 치험 5예 REPORT OF 5 CASES

박충열,이용욱,송종운,김영운,박홍주,오희균,유선열,이기현,황현식 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.1

Five adults (3 cases of bilateral posterior crossbite, 2 cases of unilateral posterior crossbite) with intermaxillary discrepancy of over 5㎜ due to maxillary transverse deficiency were treated by surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). Bilateral maxillary horizontal osteotomies, osteotomies of pterygomaxillary junction and anterior lateral nasal wall, ans anterior palatal osteotomy were performed in 4 cases, and unilateral osteotomies in 1case, followed by palatal expansion with tooth-borne orthopedic applicance. No significant complication was observed. The mean palatal expansion was 7.2㎜ (5.8∼10.0㎜) in the maxillary first molar region. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years (5 months∼8 years 7 months), no recurrence of crossbite was observed in all cases. The SARME seemed to be a simple, stable, and reliable procedure for achieving a permanent increase of over 5㎜ in skeletal maxillary transverse width of adults.

큰징거미새우(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) 현장적용 시험연구

박충열,임종악,김영훈,김학배,조동옥,이행원,임혜린,신진희,박준택 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2020 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.7

하악과두 골절에 대한 임상통계학적 연구

박충열,김병국 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.3

The present study was aimed to aid the diagnosis and choose the approrpiate treatment method of the fracture. This is the retrospective clinicostatistical study about 87 patients who were treated about condylar fractures for recent 4 years from Apr. 1, 1996 to Apr. 30, 2000 in Chonnam National University Hospital and can be followed up reguarly. In the incidence of fractures, subjects in the twenties has highest incidence and male has 4.1 time higher prevalance than in female. The fracture was at the highest incidence in September. The most common cause of the fracture was traffic accident (40.2%), and in case of middle facial concomitant injuries, laceration was 45.1% and the fracture of symphysis was 57.1% in lower facial injuries. The most common site of the fracture was the condylar neck, followed by subcondye and condylar head in order. patients aged under 11 years were treated closed reduction which was 100% and for those aged over 19 years, open reduction (68%) was preferred. Most of them were fixed with metal miniplate in case of open reduction. The average period of fixation was 9.8 days, of which was 11.8 days for closed reduction and 8.5 days for open reduction. The average maximal mouth opening was lower in case of open reduction than in closed reduction in condylar head fracture. Closed reduction and direct fixation with Risdon showed better functional recovery than in SVRO cases. The complications like fibrous ankylosis and bone resorption of TMJ was happened in the case of open reduction with SVRO. These results suggest that the condylar fracture will be treated with closed reduction if patients are growing children and the fractured condyle was not displaced, otherwise the open reduction will be preferred. The closed reduction and the direct fixation with Risdon method showed better functional recovery than in SVRO method.

국내에 발생하는 조 바이러스의 종류 및 발생 실태

박충열,민현근,이홍규,염윤아,오종희,김봉섭,배대현,윤영남,이수헌,Park, Chung Youl,Min, Hyun-Geun,Lee, Hong-Kyu,Yeom, Yoon Ah,Oh, Jonghee,Kim, Bong-Sub,Bae, Dae-Hyeon,Yoon, Young-Nam,Lee, Su-Heon 한국식물병리학회 2017 식물병연구 Vol.23 No.1

In 2015, a nationwide survey was carried out to investigate about occurrence pattern of virus infecting foxtail millet. A total 100 foxtail millet leaf samples showing virus-like and abnormal symptoms were collected in the seven main cultivated regions of Korea. Four viruses were identified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA sequencing. Of the collected 100 foxtail millet samples, 10 were Barley virus G (BVG), 4 were Rice stripe virus (RSV), 1 was Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV), and 1 was Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) infection. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of BVG and NCMV infecting foxtail millet in Korea and ScYLV is expected as new Polerovirus species. This research will be useful in breeding for improved disease-resistant foxtail millet cultivars. 2015년, 조 바이러스 발생양상을 구명하기 위하여 전국적인 조사를 실시하였다. 주요재배단지 7개 지역에서 이상 증상과 바이러스 병징을 보이는 식물체 100점을 수집하여, RT-PCR 진단과 RNA sequencing 방법을 이용하여 전체 4종의 바이러스를 동정하였다. 수집한 시료에서는 Barley virus G (BVG)가 10점, Rice stripe virus (RSV)는 4점, Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV), Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV)가 각각 1점씩 검출되었다. 이들중에서 BVG와 NCMV는 국내 조에서 첫 발생보고이며, ScYLV는 Polerovirus속의 신종으로 예상된다. 본 연구결과는 조 식물체의 무병종자와 저항성 품종개발을 위한 기초연구 자료로 이용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

서향에서 분리한 신종 포티바이러스(Daphne Mottle Virus)의 동정

박충열,박정안,이부자,박상민,이홍규,김정선,윤영남,서상재,이수헌 한국식물병리학회 2016 식물병연구 Vol.22 No.1

A new poty-like virus was isolated from plants of winter daphne (Daphne odora) that showed viruslikesymptoms on leaves, from four regions of Korea during 2014. Filamentous-shaped particles wereobserved by transmission electron microscopy of preparations extracted from symptomatic leavesand examined by the direct negative stain method. RT-PCR assay showed that three samples werepositive for both Cucumber mosaic virus and potyvirus, and only one sample was positive for potyvirusonly. A BLAST comparison to partial sequences from helper-component proteinase, cylindricalinclusion and coat protein genes detected the highest nucleotide identity of 76%, 72%, and 72% withDaphne mosaic virus, respectively, levels below the potyvirus species discrimination threshold. Thenew potyvirus was isolated using indicator plants (Chenopodium amaranticolor), in which local lesionswere produced. In this study, we identified a novel potyvirus from winter daphne, which we havenamed Daphne mottle virus (DapMoV).

[교육연구위원회] 초심에 비친 그림자

박충열 새건축사협의회 2007 건축과사회 Vol.9 No.-

국내 브루그만시아에서 분리한 Brugmansia mosaic virus의 특성

박충열,김봉섭,남문,이민아,백다솜,배양수,박은혜,김정선,최종윤,임승모,문제선,이수헌 한국식물병리학회 2014 식물병연구 Vol.20 No.4

In May 2013, an angel’s trumpet leaves showing mosaic and malformation symptoms were collected from Suwon city, Gyeonggi-do. An analysis of the collected sample by transmission electron microscopy observation showed filamentous rod particles of 720-800 nm in length. On the basis of the these observations, we performed PCR against three reported Potyviruses (Brugmansia mosaic virus, Colombian datura virus andBrugmansia suaveolens mottle virus), and the sample was positive for BruMV. Pathogenicity and host rangetest of BruMV was determined by mechanical inoculation. Solanaceae (tobacco, tomato and eggplant) andAmaranthaceae (ground cherry) appeared typical virus symptoms. To determine coat protein of this virus,we designed specific primer pairs, and performed PCR amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Phylogeneticanalysis showed that BruMV-SW was most closely related to BruMV isolate SK. Comparison of the BruMV-SWcoat protein nucleotide sequences showed 92% to 99% identities to the other BruMV isolates. In May 2013, an angel’s trumpet leaves showing mosaic and malformation symptoms were collected fromSuwon city, Gyeonggi-do. An analysis of the collected sample by transmission electron microscopy observationshowed filamentous rod particles of 720-800 nm in length. On the basis of the these observations, we performed PCR against three reported Potyviruses (Brugmansia mosaic virus, Colombian datura virus and Brugmansia suaveolens mottle virus), and the sample was positive for BruMV. Pathogenicity and host range test of BruMV was determined by mechanical inoculation. Solanaceae (tobacco, tomato and eggplant) and Amaranthaceae (ground cherry) appeared typical virus symptoms. To determine coat protein of this virus, we designed specific primer pairs, and performed PCR amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that BruMV-SW was most closely related to BruMV isolate SK. Comparison of the BruMV-SW coat protein nucleotide sequences showed 92% to 99% identities to the other BruMV isolates.

산업수용가의 정전비용 산출을 위한 조사 분석 연구

박충열,남기영,허창수 한국조명전기설비학회 2004 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.18 No.4

정전에 따른 직접적이고 단기간의 정전비용을 평가하기 위해 산업용 수용가를 대상으로 설문조사 결과를 요약한 것이다. 설문지는 주로 수용가의 전기전문가를 대상으로 예상되는 예비 조치에 바탕을 두고 작성되었다. 정전의 기간과 빈도를 고려한 신뢰성에 대한 경제성 평가는 어떠한 종류의 정전에 의해 유발되는 특히 대규모 산업용 수용가의 손실과 경제적인 충격을 정확히 반영하지 못했다. 수용가 집단에 초래되는 비용의 큰 차이를 내포시키기 위해 본 정전비용을 분석함에 있어서 IEC, IEEE와 같은 국제 규격을 활용하였다. This paper presents summary results of direct interview survey of Korean industrial customers conducted to evaluate the direct and short duration interruption costs resulting from local random electrical supply interruptions. The cost is evaluated using the questionnaires authors designed, which are mainly on the experience or preparatory actions consumers predicted they would take. Economic evaluation of reliability that traditionally takes into account duration and frequency of interruption does not accurately reflect the lost value or economic impacts of industrial customer, especially large size, caused by any kind of interruption. So, to imply the substantial difference in costs incurred by different customer group, the authors apply the international standards, i.e. IEC, IEEE, to the analysis on the interruption costs.

주택용 수용가의 정전비용 평가 연구

박충열,최상봉,허창수 한국조명전기설비학회 2004 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.18 No.4

전력서비스 중단이 전력소비자에 끼치는 충격은 소비자와 정전 특성에 달려있다 소비자 특성은 인구통계학적인 측면(주거형태와 가족구성원 수)과 전력공급 형태를 포함하는 반면에 정전특성은 발생 빈도, 기간, 시간과 요일을 포함한다. 따라서 이러한 소비자 정전비용의 평가는 상당히 복잡하고 주관적이다. 주거용 소비자들의 경우, 주거용 소비자에 대한 정전의 충격이 가시적이지 않기 때문에 소비자 조사 방법이 가장 적합할 것으로 보인다. 달리 말하면, 가사일과 정전으로 인해 여가의 가치가 각자 다르기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 주택 수용가에 대한 정전 비용을 평가하기 위한 방법으로서 수용가 설문조사 방법을 선택하였다. The impacts of electric service interruption to customers depend on customer and interruption characteristics. Customer characteristics include demographic aspects (residential type, and number of household members) and power supply types whereas interruption characteristics include frequency, duration, time, and day of interruption. Accordingly evaluation of these customer interruption costs is very complicated and subjective. For residential customers, customer survey method seems most appropriate because interruption impact to residential customers is intangible. In other. words, the value of housework or lost leisure due to interruption is individual. Accordingly, this paper selected the customer survey method to assess the interruption costs for residential customers.