인체기생 열두조충류의 형태비교 및 진단적 소견

임신영,강성구,양용상,백승한,류장근 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1998 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.4 No.1

최근 우리 나라는 열두조충과 (Diphyllobothridae)에 속하는 조충류의 인체 감염예가 빈번하게 보고되고 있다. 이는 본 조충류의 감염매체인 어류를 날 것으로 생식할 기회가 많으며, 또한 본 조충류의 제1중간숙주인 물벼룩이 음료수를 통한 인체 감염이 원인일 것으로 추정되고 있다. 조충류의 진단은 충체에 있어 두적과 편절의 형태학적 특징을 감별하여 種의 분류와 진단을 하는 것이 기본적 순서가 될 것이나, 1차적으로 가능한 진단은 환자의 증상 참작과 분변으로부터 충란을 발견 감별하게 된다. 특히 광절열두조충류의 충란에 의한 種鑑別은 환자로부터 편절이나 충체의 확실한 감별을 위한 사전 정보를 가늠하는 뜻에서도 중요성이 있다. 이에 저자들은 환자의 치료와 함께 수집된 Diphyllobothrium latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 Spirometra erinacei의 편절과 충란을 재료로 형태 및 진단적 결과를 분석한 바 그 성적은 다음과 같다. 1. 환자의 분변에서 수집된 충란 50개씩을 각각 선택하여 형태와 크기에 대한 계측을 실시하였다. D. latum의 충란은 난개가 있고 난원형 또는 타원형의 모양으로 관찰되었으며 D. latum parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 더 난원형이면서 작게 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 충란은 폭이 비대칭적이며 길쭉한 모양으로 관찰되었다. 2. D. latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 S. erinacei의 충란의 크기에서 충란의 평균 길이와 폭은 각각 61.4X41.7㎛, 55.9X41.4㎛ 그리고 66.7X36.4㎛이었다. 3. 각 조충의 편절을 고정한 다음, 첫째 포매하고 microtome으로 절편을 만들어 hematoxylin-eosin 염색을 실시하였고, 둘째 고정과 함께 semicon's aceto-carmine 염색표본을 작성하여 현미경 관찰을 한 결과 D. latum과 D. latum parvum은 생식선이 편절의 중앙선상에 위치하고 개구된 자궁구가 관찰되었다. 그리고 편절의 양측에 난황이 follicle로 관찰되었으며 전형적인 rosette모양을 형성하고 있었다. 그러나 D. latum parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 아주 작은 크기로 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 편절은 자궁이 나선형으로 5∼7회 이상으로 말려서 관찰되었고 음경낭안에서 저정낭이 이어져 연결되고 있었다. 이로써 본 연구에서는 편절의 형태특징과 함께 충란 크기에 대한 계측과 분석을 하고자 하였으며, 공학현미경에 의한 계측치로 세 종류의 조충 감별에 유의한 참고치를 제기하는 바이다. Recently there have been frequent reports on human infection caused by the Diphyllobothridae in Korea. The adequate opportunities for Koreans to eat raw fish, the primary infection medium of cestodes and the human infection through drinking water by cyclops, the first intermediate host are believed to be main reasons for the infection. The first task of this study was to classify and diagnose the species by differentiating morphological characteristic between scolex and proglottids of cestodes. However, the initially available diagnosis was done with the patient's symptoms and the eggs obtained from his stool. It is important to differentiate the species by the eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum especially in that it can help get advance information for a more reliable analysis in the near future. The morphological and diagnostic results from proglottids and eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei are as follows; In each kind of cestodes from the patient's stool, the shape and size of 50 eggs were measured. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum had an operculum and were ovoidal or ellipsoid to elliptical in shape. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum parvum were more ovoidal in shape and smaller in size than Diphyllobothrium latum. And eggs of Spirometra erinacei were asymmetrical in width and long and slender in shape. The average lengths and widths of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei were 61.4X41.7㎛, 55.9X41.4㎛ and 66.7X36.4㎛, respectively. After the segments of each cestode were fixed, embedding and hematoxylin-eosin dyeing on a microtome-made specimen were done. The micrographs of the semicon's aceto-carmine dyed specimen showed that Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium latum parvum had a centrally-located genital gland and an opened uterine pore. The yolks were observed on both sides of proglottids and had a typical rosette pattern. Yet, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum was shown smaller than Diphyllobothrium latum in the micrograph. Proglottids of Spirometra erinacei displayed that the uterus was rolled spirally more than five to seven times, and connected successively to the seminal vesicle in the cirrus sac. Shown above, this study was performed to measure the size of eggs and analyze the morphological characteristics of proglottids and provided the measurements of three types of cestodes obtained by a light microscope.

Echinostoma hortense를 실험 감염시킨 흰쥐 장상피에서 림프구 (IEL) 증감에 관한 연구

류장근(Jang-Keun Ryu),노병의(Pyong-Ui Rob),이지숙(Ji-Sook Lee),양용석(Yong-Suk Ryang) 대한의생명과학회 1999 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.5 No.1

저자들은 호르텐스극구흡충을 실험적으로 흰쥐 (Sprague Dawley)에 감염시켰을 때 장상피내 림프구 (intraepithelial lymphocytes: IEL)의 증감여부를 관찰하였다. 즉, 피낭유충을 경구 감염시킨 다음 1주일부터 8주일까지 격주별로 소장점막에서 lEL의 수치, 융모/선와의 비 (villus/crypt ratio) 등을 현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 감염 흰쥐는 격주별로 희생시켰으며 소장의 십이지장과 공장부위의 조직을 획득하여 조직절편을 제작하였고, Hematoxylin-eosin 및 Giemsa 염색을 실시한 후 IEL 수, 위치의 변동을 현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 융모 위축과 선와 증식, V/C ratio의 감소를 특징으로 하는 장병변은 감염 1주일 경과한 소장에서 가장 심하였으며 이 병변은 8주일까지 계속되고 있었다. IEL은 감염 1주일에 급속하게 감소하였다가 서서히 증가하다가 8주일 때에는 다소 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 대조군에서 IEL은 대부분 장상피층의 기저부에 위치하였으나, 감염 초기에는 많은 IEL이 장상피세포의 핵주변부와 상층부에 분포하는 것이 특이하였다. 이와 같이 호르텐스극구흡충 감염시 나타나는 IEL 수 및 위치의 변동은 장병변의 진행과정과 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. The relationship between the intestinal histopathology and number and position of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed chronologically in the small intestine of rats experimentally infected with Echinostoma hortense. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally infected with 200 metacercariae obtained from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. The rats each were sacrificed on the week 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 post-infection (PI) and samples of the intestine in the part of duodenum and jejunum were taken. The samples were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa. The intestinal histopathology was the severest after the week 1 PI and characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and decrease of villus/crypt(v/c) ratio, which continued until the week 8 PI. The number of IEL dramatically decreased during the week 1 PI, but increased gradually thereafter with a slight decrease on the week 8 PI. In control rats, the great majority of the IEL were located at the basal region of the epithelium. During the early stage of infection, however, we found a considerable proportion of IEL to moved to the intermediate or apical regions of the epithelium. From the above results, it is sugested that the change of IEL number and position during the course of E. hortense infection should be closely related to the progression and recovery of the intestinal histopathology.

인체기생 열두조충류의 형태비교 및 진단적 소견

류장근(Jang-Keun Ryu),양용상(Yong-Sang Yang),강성구(Sung-Gu Kang),백승한(Seung-Whan Baek),임신영(Shin-Young Rim) 대한의생명과학회 1998 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.4 No.1

최근 우리 나라는 열두조충과 (Diphyllobothridae)에 속하는 조충류의 인체 감염예가 빈번하게 보고되고 있다. 이는 본 조충류의 감염매체인 어류를 날 것으로 생식할 기회가 많으며, 또한 본 조충류의 제1중간숙주인 물벼룩이 음료수를 통한 인체 감염이 완인일 것으로 추정되고 있다. 조충류의 진단은 충체에 있어 두절과 편절의 형태학적 특정을 감별하여 種의 분류와 진단을 하는 것이 기본적 순서가 될 것이나, 1차적으로 가능한 진단은 환자의 증상 참작과 분변으로부터 충란을 발견 감별하게 된다. 특히 광절열두조충류의 충란에 의한 種鍵別은 환자로부터 편절이나 충체의 확실한 감별을 위한 사전 정보를 가늠하는 뜻에서도 중요성이 있다. 이에 저자들은 환자의 치료와 함께 수집된 Diphyllobothrium latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 Spirometra erinacei의 편절과 충란을 재료로 형태 및 진단적 결과를 분석한 바 그 성적은 다음과 같다. 1. 환자의 분변에서 수집된 충란 50개씩을 각각 선택하여 형태와 크기에 대한 계측을 실시하였다. D. latum의 충란은 난개가 있고 난원형 또는 타원형의 모양으로 관찰되었으며 D. latum parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 더 난원형이면서 작게 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 충란은 폭이 비대칭적이며 걸쭉한 모양으로 관찰되었다. 2. D. latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 S. erinacei의 충란의 크기에서 충란의 평균 길이와 폭은 각각 61.4×41.7 ㎛, 55.9×41.4 ㎛ 그리고 66.7×36.4 ㎛이었다. 3. 각 조충의 편절을 고정한 다음, 첫째 포매하고 microtome으로 절편을 만들어 hematoxylin-eosin 염색을 실시하였고, 둘째 고정과 함께 sernicon's aceto-carmine 염색표본을 작성하여 현미경 관찰을 한 결과 D. latum과 D. latum parvum은 생식선이 편절의 중앙선상에 위치하고 개구된 자궁구가 관찰되었다. 그리고 편절의 양측에 난황이 follicle로 관찰되었으며 전형적인 rosette모양을 형성하고 있었다. 그러나 D. parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 아주 작은 크기로 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 편절은 자궁이 나선형으로 5~7회 이상으로 말려서 관찰되었고 음경낭안에서 저정낭이 이어져 연결되고 있었다. 이로써 본 연구에서는 편절의 형태특징과 함께 충란 크기에 대한 계측과 분석을 하고자 하였으며, 광학현미경에 의한 계측치로 세 종류의 조충 감별에 유의한 참고치를 제기하는 바이다. Recently there have been frequent reports on human infection caused by the Diphyllobothridae in Korea. The adequate opportunities for Koreans to eat raw fish, the primary infection medium of cestodes and the human infection through drinking water by cyclops, the first intermediate host are believed to be main reasons for the infection. The first task of this study was to classify and diagnose the species by differentiating morphological characteristic between scolex and proglottids of cestodes. However, the initially available diagnosis was done with the patient's symptoms and the eggs obtained from his stool. It is important to differentiate the species by the eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum especially in that it can help get advance information for a more reliable analysis in the near future. The morphological and diagnostic results from proglottids and eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei are as follows; In each kind of cestodes from the patient's stool, the shape and size of 50 eggs were measured. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum had an operculum and were ovoidal or ellipsoid to elliptical in shape. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum parvum were more ovoidal in shape and smaller in size than Diphyllobothrium latum. And eggs of Spirometra erinacei were asymmetrical in width and long and slender in shape. The average lengths and widths of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei were 61.4 × 41.7 ㎛, 55.9 × 41.4 ㎛ and 66.7 × 36.4 ㎛, respectively. After the segments of each cestode were fixed, embedding and hematoxylin-eosin dyeing on a microtome-made specimen were done. The micrographs of the semicon's aceto-carmine dyed specimen showed that Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium latum parvum had a centrally-located genital gland and an opened uterine pore. The yolks were observed on both sides of proglottids and had a typical rosette pattern. Yet, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum was shown smaller than Diphyllobothrium latum in the micrograph. Proglottids of Spirometra erinacei displayed that the uterus was rolled spirally more than five to seven times, and connected successively to the seminal vesicle in the cirrus sac. Shown above, this study was performed to measure the size of eggs and analyze the morphological characteristics of proglottids and provided the measurements of three types of cestodes obtained by a light microscope.

Echinostoma hortense를 실험 감염시킨 흰쥐 장상피에서 림프구 (IEL) 증감에 관한 연구

류장근,노병의,이지숙,양용석 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1999 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.5 No.1

저자들은 호르텐스극구흡충을 실험적으로 흰쥐(Sprague Dawley)에 감염시켰을 때 장상피내 램프구 (intraepithelial lymphocytes: IEL)의 증감여부를 관찰하였다. 즉, 피낭유충을 경구 감염시킨 다음 1주일부터 8주일까지 격주별로 소장점막에서 IEL의 수치, 융모/선와의 비 (villus/crypt ratio)등을 현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 감염 흰쥐는 격주별로 희생시켰으며 소장의 십이장과 공장부위의 조직을 획득하여 조직절편을 제작하였고, Hematoxylin-eosin 및 Giemsa 염색을 실시한 후 IEL 수, 위치의 변동을 현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 융모 위축과 선와 증식, V/C ratio의 감소를 특징으로 하는 장병변은 감염 1주일 경과한 소장에서 가장 심하였으며 이 병변은 8주일까지 계속되고 있었다. IEL은 감염 1주일에 급속하게 감소하였다가 서서히 증가하다가 8주일 때에는 다소 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 대조군에서 IEL은 대부분 장상피층의 기저부에 위치하였으나, 감염 초기에는 많은 IEL이 장상피세포의 핵주변부와 상층부에 분포하는 것이 특이하였다. 이와 같이 호르텐스극구흡충 감염시 나타나는 IEL 수 및 위치의 변동은 장병변의 진행과정과 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. The relationship between the intestinal histopathology and number and position of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed chronologically in the small intestine of rats experimentally infected with Echinostoma hortense. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally infected with 200 metacercariae obtained from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. The rats each were sacrificed on the week 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 post-infection (PI) and samples of the intestine in the part of duodenum and jejunum were taken. The samples were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa. The intestinal histopathology was the severest after the week 1 PI and characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and decrease of villus/crypt(v/c) ratio, which continued until the week 8 PI. The number of IEL dramatically decreased during the week 1 PI, but increased gradually thereafter with a slight decrease on the week 8 PI. In control rats, the great majority of the IEL were located at the basal region of the epithelium. During the early stage of infection, however, we found a considerable proportion of IEL to moved to the intermediate or apical regions of the epithelium. From the above results, it is sugested that the change of IEL number and position during the course of E. hortense infection should be closely related to the progression and recovery of the intestinal histopathology.

대구 및 경북지역 일부 유치원생들의 최근 요충감염상

류장근(Jang-Keun Ryu),노병의(Pyong-Ui Roh),김용문(Yong-Moon Kim) 대한의생명과학회 1996 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.2 No.1

대구 및 경북지역 일부 유치원생들의 최근 요충감염 상태를 조사하기 위하여 도시지역으로는 대구광역시 수성구 지역 14개 유치원과 농촌지역으로는 경북 경산시의 면단위 소재지 11개 유치원에서 4, 5, 6, 7세 어린이 1,087명(남:611, 여:476)을 대상으로 Graham씨의 Scotch tape법으로 1회 항문주위도말검사를 실시하였다. 도시지역 유치원생들의 요충감염율은 검사자 643명중 양성자가 62명으로 9.6%였고, 농촌지역은 444명중 양성자가 45명으로 10.1%였다. 연령별 검사성적에서는 7세에서 도시지역에서는 128명중 7명이 양성자로 나타나 5.5%의 양성률을 보였고, 농촌지역에서는 87명중 21명이 양성자로 나타나 24.1%의 양성률을 보여 농촌지역 유치원생들이 도시지역 유치원생들 보다 요충감염율이 훨씬 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 도시지역 연령별 전체 요충감염 상태는 4세 6.3%, 5세 8.4%, 6세 19.3%로 연령이 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 7세에서는 5.5%로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.01). 농촌지역 연령별 전체 요충감염 상태는 4세가 2.3%, 5세가 7.0%, 6세가 9.8%, 7세가 24.1%로 연령이 높아질수록 감염율이 높았다(P<0.01). Recent patterns of Enterobius vermicularis infection in some kindergarten children was performed in Taegu and Kyongbuk Area from June 1, 1995 through August 30, 1995. A total of 1,087 children (male 611 and female 476) were examined by Graham's scotch tape method. Of 643 urban children, 62(9.6%) were infected by E. vermicularis, and of 444 rural children, 45(10.1%) were infected. Of 354 male children in urban area 40(11.3%) were E. vermicularis positive and of 257 male children in rural area, 28(10.9%) were E. vermicularis positive. Of 128 children in the age of 7 years old in urban area, 7(5.5%) were E. vermicularis positive but of 87 children in the same age group in ural area, 21(24.1%) were E. vermicularis positive (P<0.01). Of 354 male children in urban area, 40(11.3%) were E. vermicularis positive and of 289 female children in the same area 22(7.6%) were infected by E. vermicularis. The E. vermicularis infection rates in the children in the age group of 4, 5, and 6 were 6.3%, 8.4% and 19.3% respectively, and the rate for 7 year old children was 5.5% (P<0.01). In rural area, 28(10.9%) of 257 male children had E. vermicularis and 17(9.1%) of 187 female children had E. vermicularis. The E. vermicularis infection rates in the age groups of 4, 5, 6 and 7 were 2.3%, 7.0% 9.8% and 24.1% respectively and the difference in rates were statistically significant (P<0.01).

대구 및 경북지역 일부 유치원생들의 최근 요충감염상

류장근,김용문,노병의 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.1

대구 및 경북지역 일부 유치원생들의 최근 요충감염 상태를 조사하기 위하여 도시지역으로는 대구광역시 수성구 지역 14개 유치원과 농촌지역으로는 경북 경산시의 면단위 소재지 11개 유치원에서 4, 5, 6, 7세 어린이 1,087명(남:611, 여:476)을 대상으로 Graham씨의 Scotch tape법으로 1회 항문주위도말검사를 실시하였다. 도시지역 유치원생들의 요충감염율은 검사자 643명중 양성자가 62명으로 9.6%였고, 농촌지역은 444명중 양성자가 45명으로 10.1%였다. 연령별 검사성적에서는 7세에서 도시지역에서는 128명중 7명이 양성자로 나타나 5.5%의 양성률을 보였고, 농촌지역에서는 87명중 21명이 양성자로 나타나 24.1%의 양성률을 보여 농촌지역 유치원생들이 도시지역 유치원생들 보다 요충감염율이 훨씬 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 도시지역 연령별 전체 요충감염 상태는 4세 6.3%, 5세 8.4%, 6세 19.3%로 연령이 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 7세에서는 5.5%로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.01). 농촌지역 연령별 전체 요충감염 상태는 4세가 2.3%, 5세가 7.0%, 6세가 9.8%, 7세가 24.1%로 연령이 높아질수록 감염율이 높았다(P<0.01). Recent patterns of Enterobius vermicularis infection in some kindergarten children was performed in Taegu and Kyongbuk Area from June, 1995 through August 30, 1995. A total of 1,087 children (male 611 and female 476) were examined by Graham's, and of 444 rural children, 45(10.1%) were infected. Of 354 male children in urban area 40(11.3%) were E. vermicularis positive and of 257 male children in rural area, 28(10.9%) were E. vermicularis positive. Of 128 children in the age of 7 years old in urban area, 7(5.5%) were E. vermicularis positive but of 87 children in the same age group in rural area, 21(24.1%) were E. vermicularis positive (P<0.01). Of 354 male children in urban area, 40(11.3%) were E. vermicularis positive and 289 female children in the same area 22(7.6%) were infected by E. vermicularis. The E. vermicularis infection rates in the children in the age group of 4,5, and 6 were 6.3%, 8.4% and 19.3% respectively, and the rate for 7 year old children was 5.5% (P<0.01). In rural area, 28(10.9%) of 257 male children had E. vermicularis and 17(9.1%) of 187 female children had E. vermicularis. The E. vermicularis infection rates in the age groups of 4, 5, 6 and 7 were 2.3%, 7.0% 9.8% and 24.1% respectively and the difference in rates were statistically significant(P<0.01).

경상도 일부 지역의 Zoophilic Dermatophytes 감염의 역학적 연구

노병의,류장근,방용준 한국수의공중보건학회 1996 예방수의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

P . 9 : 초 중 고등학교 교과서의 환경보건 관련내용 분석연구

남철현,류장근,최연정,황연자 대한보건협회 1994 대한보건협회 보건종합학술대회 Vol.- No.-

초 . 중 . 고등학교 교과서의 환경관련 내용분석연구

남철현,류장근,최연정,황연자 한국환경보건학회 1994 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.20 No.4

To provide data for the contents regarding environmental health (environmental hygiene, environmental pollution) in the textbooks of primary, middle and high schools, a total of 243 textbooks was analysed for two months from May, to July 31, 1993. Among the total 52844.50 pages, 1.65% was related to the environmental health, which account for 870.00 pages. In the textbooks by school level, the rate of the contents regarding environmental health in primary school was 1.63% (148.75 pages). that of middle school was 1.96% (243.25 pages) and that of high school was 1.53% (478.00 pages). The area of environmental hygiene was 0.24% (129.25 pages) and that of environmental pollution was 1.40% (740.75 pages) which is slightly high. In the field of environmental hygiene, the rate of the contents in the middle school textbooks was 0.53% which was the higher than that of the primary and high school textbooks. The rate of environmental pollution area was not significantly different by school level but the number of the pages was the higher at the high school than that of the primary and middle schools, which account for 428.8 pages. The contents related by the areas were as follows: 1. Contents related to environmental hygiene 1) Among environemtnal hygiene contents, the rate of housing sanitation was the highest as 0.14% (73.00 pages), that of air environment was 0.06% (33.00 pages) and that of water supply sanitation was 0.03% (17.25 pages). The portion of air environment was 5.00 pages in the primary school textbooks and that of housing sanitation at the middle and high schools was each 35.0 pages, 35.50 pages, which was the more than that of other fields. By school year, there was no contents related at the 1st and 2nd grades but were 4.75 pages at the 4th grade which were the more than those of other grades. At the 5th grade, water supply sanitation part was found but not air environment. Housing sanitation was found at the 3rd, 5th grades and insect or rodent control was at the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th grades. 2) In the middle school textbooks related to environmental health, 41.0 pages were included in the textbooks of pysical education, the highest number. The next was 19.5 pages in home economics, 2.8 pages in social studies and 3.00 pages in others. The contents of air environment were found in the textbooks of physical education and science, those of water supply and housing sanitation were in home economics and physical education and those of insect control were found 0.5 pages in home economics only. 3) In the high school textbooks, the highest number was 27.8 pages of home economics and the next was Ⅱ.5 pages of others, 7.8 pages of physical education, 2.0 pages of science and 0.3 pages of social studies. Air environment parts were included in the textbooks of science, physical education and home economics and water sanitation was in home economics, physical education and others. Housing sanitation was showed in home economics and social studies, on the other side the contents of insect or rodent control was found in home economics and physical education. 4) By the subjects related to environmental hygiene in the primary, middle and high school textbooks, 51.0 pages of home economics were the highest portion. It was also revealed that 49.5 pages of physical education, 14.5 pages of others, 13.5 pages of science and 0.8 pages of social studies were included. The number of 33.0 pages of air environment portion was distributed into 9.75 pages of science, 19.0 pages of physical education and 4.25 pages of others. Among 17.3 pages of water sanitation, 3.5 pages of home economics, Ⅱ.3 pages of physical education and 2.5 pages of others were included. Housing sanitation portions were 73.0 pages, which were distributed into 46.5 pages of home economics, 0.5 pages of social studies, 18.3 pages of physical education and 7.8 pages of others. 5) The number of photo, figure, illustration and table related in the primary school text

간흡충: 충체 및 대사성 항원의 특성분석 (1)항원투여 마우스 비장조직에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

송강원,주난영,류장근,양용석 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.2

저자들은 마우스를 실험모델로 하여 간흡충의 항원을 투여 했을 때 비장조직에 대한 CD3, CD4 및 CD8 모노클로날 항체의 반응 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 즉, 간흡충에 대한 세포면역학적인 특성을 규명고자 하였으며 특히 비장 조직에 대한 phenotype을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 간흡충의 조항원을 면역증강제와 함께 복강 투여한 다음 일정 기간 후에 비장조직을 Avidin-biotin complex 면역조직염색을 실시한 결과 CD3에서 강한 양성 반응을 나타냈고 CD4와 CD8에서는 약한 반응을 나타냈다. 조직부위를 보면 피막, 혈관, 임파관, 백수부위와 림프구 및 대식세포의 세포막에서 양성반응을 보였다. The authors inquired into what reactions comprise the response of mice(as a model) CD3, CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies in spleen tissue when injected intraperitoneally by antigens of Clonorchis sinensis. The author is objective was focused on investigating the property of cellular immunity for liver fluke. In particular, the results of having examined the phenotype of the tissue of spleen were revealed as follows: a certain length of time after having been intraperitoneally injected with antigens of Clonorchis sinensis and Freund's adjuvant, the tissue of spleen was embedded and immunohistochemically stained by the avidin-biotin complex method. A strong reaction in response to CD3, while a feeble reaction resulted from CD4 and CD8. The tissue region showed a positive reaction to all antibodies, especially from capsules, vascular areas, white pulps and membrane of blood cells.