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- 저자 : 김홍진(Kim Hong-Jin) (검색결과 373 건)
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간장 ( 肝臟 ) , 담도 ( 膽道 ) 및 췌장 ( 膵臟 ) : 단순 담낭 절제술 후 배액술의 필요성
김홍진(Hong Jin Kim),심민철(Min Chul Shim),권굉보(Koing Bo Kwun),노진우(Jin Woo Roh),김재황(Jae Hwang Kim) 대한소화기학회 1991 대한소화기학회지 Vol.23 No.3
N/A A retrospective review is undertaken to evaluate the effects of drainage versus nondrainage of the gallbladder bed after elective cholecystectomy. Ninety one charts of patients who underwent elective cholecystectomy without choledochotomy were reviewed. Patient selection was based upon following criteria: 1) No evidence of empyema, pericholecystic abscess or cholangitis 2) No bleeding or leakage of bile from the bed of the gallbladder after cholecystectomy 3) Lack of exploration of the common bile duct. Two groups were analyzed. Those who had postoperative drainage of the subhepatic space and those who didn't have drainage. The results are as follows. Postoperative length of hospital stay was longer in the drainage group (p<0.05). The average days of hospital stay were 7.75 (+- 1.20) in nondrainage group and 8.16 (+- 1.21) in drainage group. Maximum postoperative temperature elevation was higher in the drainage group (p<0.05). The average maximum postoperative temperature were 37.20 (+- 0.33)C in nondrainage group and 37.94 (+- 0.42)C in drainage group. There was no significant difference in the duration of the postoperative fever between the drainage and nondrainage group. The average druation of the postoperative fever were 1.91 (+- 1.44) days in the nondrainage group and 2.27 (+- 1.47) days in the drainage group. There was no significant difference in the dose of the postoperative analgesics between the drainage and nondrainage group. The average dose of the postoperative analgesics were 4.45 (+- l. 47) in the nondrainage group and 4.98 (+- 2.12) in the drainage group. There was no significant difference in the complication rate between the drainage and nondrainage group. It is concluded that routine drainage of the subhepatic space after elective cholecystectomy without choledochotomy is unnecessary and contributes to increased length of postoperative hospotal stay and a higher rate of patients discomfort.
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‘설교자의 설교에 대한 의도’와 ‘성도의 설교에 대한 니즈’의 비교 분석
김홍진(Kim Hong Jin) 대학복음화학회 2009 대학과 복음 Vol.14 No.-
본 논문은 청중의 니즈를 알고 설교자가 설교에 들어가야 한다는 생각을 가지고 출발했다. 설교는 청중 없이 설교자만 존재하는 것이 아니다. 청중이 존재한 상태에서 청중의 니즈를 알고 잘 적응하는 설교자가 훌륭한 설교를 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 설교자가 청중을 더 깊이 이해하는 기회가 될 것이며, 청중의 심리를 알고 설교를 준비하고 설교를 함으로써 설교의 효과를 극대화하는데 있다. 본 논문을 진행함에 있어서 도구는 설문조사를 이용하였다. 하나는 설교자의 설교에 대한 의도 분석이다. 또 하나는 성도의 설교에 대한 니즈 분석이다. 이 두 가지 설문을 비교 분석하고 해석하면서 진행했다. 본 논문의 중요성은 설교자를 연구하기보다는 사실 청중을 연구하고 청중의 니즈를 파악하여 어떻게 하면 설교자가 청중을 얻고 효과적으로 설교할 것인가에 있다. 그렇게 함으로 설교자의 변화를 꾀하는 것이다. ‘설교자의 설교에 대한 의도’ 분석은 설교자의 문제점을 파악하기 위한 것이며, ‘성도의 설교에 대한 니즈’분석은 청중을 알고 이해하고 청중에게 잘 적응하는 설교를 하기 위한 것이다. 설문을 통해서 발견한 사실을 정리하자면 첫째, 설교의 관심에 있어서 청중은 설교를 들을 때 감동을 받으려고 애쓴다. 둘째, 설교의 수준에 있어서 청중은 쉬우면서도 수준 있는 설교를 듣고 싶어 한다. 셋째, 설교 본문을 접하면서 청중은 낯익은 잘 아는 본문에서 은혜를 더 잘 받는다. 넷째, 설교의 의도에 있어서 청중은 말씀을 생활실천에 연결시켜주는 설교를 듣고 싶어 한다. 다섯째, 설교의 추구에 있어서 청중은 먼저 변화보다는 은혜를 받고 싶어 한다. 여섯째, 설교의 초점에 있어서 청중은 내 삶에서 하나님의 뜻을 발견하고 싶어 한다. 일곱째, 설교의 감동을 받는 도구로서 청중은 하나님 말씀 못지않게 예화를 통해서도 받는다. 여덟째, 설교의 듣는데 있어서 청중은 시리즈 설교 보다는 설교 한 편을 듣는 것에 관심이 있다. 아홉째, 설교를 들을 때 청중은 교회 성장보다는 내 신앙 성장에 더 관심이 있다. 열째, 설교 내용을 들으면서 청중은 확실한 본문 말씀들에 대해 듣고 싶지만 이에 못지않게 애매모호한 본문을 확실하게 풀어주기도 원한다. 본 논문의 결론은 ‘설교자의 설교에 대한 의도’와 ‘성도의 설교에 대한 니즈’를 비교 분석한 결과 문제의 키는 설교자에게 있음을 주장했다. 설교자는 말씀을 전하는 청지기로써 성도들의 니즈를 발견하고 그에 잘 적응하여 하나님의 말씀을 전해야 할 것을 강조하고 마쳤다. This paper is initiated by finding a necessity for a preacher to understand the needs of a congregation before preaching a sermon. The preacher cannot exist alone without the congregation who would listen to the sermon. In order to make the best of the sermon, the preacher should know and try to accommodate the needs of the congregation. The objective of this research is to enable the preacher to gain better understandings of the congregation and develop well-prepared sermons based on the characteristics of the congregation so that he can maximize the effect of the sermon. This research was largely conducted by using surveys. The surveys were conducted in two aspects: one aspect as to the preacher's motives for preaching and the other aspect as to the needs of the congregation's needs for the sermon. The focus of this paper is not about analyzing the preacher's styles. Rather, it is to analyze the congregation and their needs to help the preacher grasp a perspective of what he should do to give effective sermons and win the congregation. In this way, the preacher can change his preaching styles. The purpose of analysis on "a preacher's motives for preaching a sermon" is to find current problems that the preacher may have in preaching sermons. The purpose of analysis on "the congregation's needs for sermon" is to understand the congregation better and derive solutions to give more proper sermons that would meet their needs. Outstanding results analyzed through the surveys are summarized as follows: (ⅰ) the congregation want sermons which touch and move their hearts; (ⅱ) in terms of a level of sophistication in sermons, the congregation like sermons that are easy to understand while maintaining a certain standard; (ⅲ) the congregation are more responsive to a sermon with respect to a well-known passage of scripture in the Bible that they are familiar with; (ⅳ) the congregation want the preacher to show connecting points between the sermon and a real life; (ⅴ) the congregation's immediate interest in a Church worship service is receiving God's grace through the sermon rather than struggling to change their way of life; (ⅵ) the congregation would like to see a direct application of the sermon in their lives so that they can find the will of God; (ⅶ) the congregation are easily moved by illustrative stories just as they are moved by God's words; (ⅷ) the congregation prefer a single topical sermon to consecutive sermon series; (ⅸ) the congregation are more interested in their inner growth rather than the growth of church as one body; (ⅹ) the congregation would like the preacher to give clear explanations of some ambiguous passages of scripture as well as they would like to listen about passages that are clearly understood. This paper ends with a conclusion that the preacher has responsibility to give proper sermons to the congregation. As a steward entrusted with Gods' words, the preacher should understand the needs of the congregation and preach proper sermons to meet such needs.
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감초 물추출물의 멜라닌 형성 억제효과 및 기전에 관한 연구
김진,권일호,임홍진,임규상,황충연,Kim, Jin,Kwen, Il-ho,Lim, Hong-jin,Lim, Kyu-sang,Hwang, Chung-yeon 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2003 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.16 No.2
The effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract, known as depigmenting agent, on melanin biosynthesis was investigated in cellular level by using B16 mouse melanoma cells. The inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract on melanogenesis was determined by mushroom tyrosinase assay traditionally using in vitro screening test. To determine whether Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract suppress melanin synthesis in cellular level, B16 mouse melanoma cells were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract. Effects on cell proliferation, melanin biosynthesis, tyrosinase activity, DOPAchrome tautomerase activity, and expression level of mRNA for tyrosinase were examined. The maximum concentration of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract that was not inhibitory to growth of the cells was 2 mgml. At that concentration, melanin synthesis was significantly inhibited without cytotoxicity after 5 days, compared with untreated cells. The treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract reduced tyrosinase and DOPAchrome tautomerase activity in a dose-dependent manner. However, the treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract did not affect significantly mRNA levels for tyrosinase. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix water extract on melanogenesis is correlated with the suppression of tyrosinase and DOPAchrome tautomerase activity more than altering mRNA levels of tyrosinase.
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한국인 알코올사용장애 임상경과 및 생물정신사회적 요인 규명을 위한 임상 및지역기관 전향적 연구 : ( I ) CRF 개발과정 및 단면적 조사결과
김홍진(Hong Jin Kim),이수비(Soo Bi Lee),정원미(Won Mi Jung),서정석(Jeong Seok Seo),남범우(Beomwoo Nam),조근호(Keun Ho Joe),이해국(Hae Kook Lee),정슬기(Sulki Chung),기선완(Seon Wan Ki)박일호(Il Ho Park) 한국중독정신의학회 2018 중독정신의학 Vol.22 No.1
Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop a standard case record form (CRF) and to identify the specific biopsychosocial factors influencing a clinical course of patients with alcohol use disorder in Korea. Methods : The CRF was developed with reference to the six-domain assessment of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, taking account of the need for a multifaceted evaluation of alcohol use disorders. We divided Korea into six regions, and the subjects who registered in the first year will be on surveillance for the next three years. Results : We present epidemiological and clinical data from the CRF completed from March to June 2016. In the CRF registration survey, the total number of eligible patients was 247 in the Medical centers, and 193 in community centers for mental health and addiction. Conclusion : The CRF developed for this surveillance can assess a six-domain model, with information taken from patient’s drinking history to social support and quality of life. To my knowledge, this is the first nationwide survey of AUD patients in Korea as conducted by a naturalistic and prospective framework. These results could be an important basic data to determine the appropriate service and treatment level for AUD pat
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