소년보호기관 내 특수경비원 운영성과에 관한 연구

김현수 ( Lee Hoon Dong ),이훈동 ( Kim Hyeonsoo ) 한국소년정책학회 2016 少年保護硏究 Vol.29 No.4

Recently rampant juvenile delinquency shows collective and intelligent features. Juvenile delinquents departing from the educational institution or home constitute a peer group in order to find psychological peace of their mind. Aggregated delinquents form a youth pam and, as a result, lead to commit various crimes, being unaware of the illegality of their conduct. By being stigmatized as young offenders, juvenile delinquents had hard time to returning stably to the society due to the imprints, and it becomes much easier to repeat this vicious circle and inevitably be exposed to a continuous crime again. Therefore, the current national institutions offers youth protection to help juvenile delinquents with the reintegration and care to faithfully serve as a member of society, through protective custody before the criminal punishment. The increasing number of juveniles in protective disposition, according to the recently upward trend, makes protection agency which accepts them cannot afford to secure more facilities and professional staffs. Furthermore, this overcrowding problem can give rise to the non-treated human rights problem. Due to the limited human resources, the concentration on training and therapy treatment―reformatory's inherent task as a reforming and educational institution―has significantly dropped and the center relatively focuses on just the custody business. In particular, we cannot overlook that the increasing number of those who accommodated in the juvenile protection center can lead to serious problems on the safety of the facility, especially and more severely in 24 hour institutions which need continuous observation due to the increase in blind spots in custody caused by increasing persons. The congestion of the external custody business such as external activities of protective juveniles, prosecutor' summons, transfer or convoy to other institutions also can be a problem to the youth detention center. When it comes to the characteristic of the center which performs general training and criminal custody simultaneously, as the proportion of custody business increased, the general education hours can be relatively expected to decrease. Hence, an aggressive effort is required to solve this expected problem. In 2014, there was an effort introducing the so-called "Special Private Security Guard System in Youth Detention Center" to resolve this problem. The new system had an aim for relieving some of the training and care burden and improvement in the personal treatment of the staffs as well as juveniles. Special private security guard, a kind of private security guaranteeing its status based on current security law, has performed the duties in an important national institution and national security facilities. As the protection agency is designated as a national security facility in 2013, it is very encouraging that the agency ensures to provide the required basis for inducing the new system. As it has been two years after introduction of special private security guard system, it is time for each institution to review the overall operational performance on the new system itself and the guards from the system.

폴립절제 후 추적대장내시경검사 가이드라인

양동훈 ( Dong Hoon Yang ),홍성노 ( Sung Noh Hong ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),홍성필 ( Sung Pil Hong ),신성재 ( Sung Jae Shin ),김성은 ( Seong Eun Kim ),이보인 ( Bo In Lee ),이석호 ( Suck Ho Lee ),박동일 ( Dong Il Park ),김현수 ( Hyu 대한장연구학회 2012 Intestinal Research Vol.10 No.1

1. 기준대장내시경검사에서 샘종이 3개 이상 발견된 환자는 추적대장내시경검사에서 진행신생물이 발견될 위험이 증가한다. 2. 기준대장내시경검사에서 10 mm 이상 크기의 샘종이 발견된 환자는 추적대장내시경검사에서 진행신생물이 발견될 위험이 증가한다. 3. 기준대장내시경검사에서 관융모 또는 융모샘종이 발견된 환자는 관샘종이 발견된 환자에 비해 추적대장내시경검사에서 진행신생물이 발견될 위험이 증가한다. 4. 기준대장내시경검사에서 제거한 샘종이 고도 이형성을 동반한 경우, 저도이형성을 동반한 경우에 비해 추적대장내시경검사에서 진행신생물이 발견될 위험이 증가한다. 5. 기준대장내시경검사에서 10 mm 이상의 톱니모양폴립이 발견된 환자는 추적대장내시경검사에서 진행신생물의 발생위험이 증가한다. 6. 추적검사에서 진행신생물 발생의 고위험군은 기준대장내시경검사에서 샘종의 개수가 3개 이상, 가장 큰 샘종의 크기가 10 mm 이상, 관융모 또는 융모샘종, 고도이형성을 동반한 샘종, 또는 크기 10 mm 이상의 톱니모양폴립 중 한 가지 이상의 소견이 진단된 경우이다. 7. 일정한 자격을 갖춘 대장내시경의사가 양호한 대장정결 상태에서 양질의 기준대장내시경검사를 시행하였음을 전제로, 기준대장내시경검사 소견이 폴립절제 후 진행신생물의 발생 고위험군에 해당되지 않는 경우 추적대장내시경검사를 폴립절제 후 5년에 시행할 것을 권고한다. 그러나, 상기의 전제조건이 만족되지 않거나 기준대장내시경검사 이전의 대장내시경검사에서 고위험군에 해당하는 소견을 보였던 경우에는 기준대장내시경 소견이 고위험군에 해당되지 않더라도 추적검사 기간을 단축할 것을 권고한다. 8. 일정한 자격을 갖춘 대장내시경의사가 양호한 대장정결 상태에서 양질의 기준대장내시경검사를 시행하였음을 전제로, 기준대장내시경검사 소견이 폴립절제 후 진행신생물의 발생 고위험군에 해당하는 경우는 추적대장내시경검사를 폴립절제 후 3년에 시행할 것을 권고한다. 그러나, 상기의 전제조건이 만족되지 않거나 기준대장내시경검사 소견, 샘종의 절제 상태, 환자의 전신 상태, 가족력 및 과거력 등을 고려하여 추적검사 기간을 단축할 수 있다. Post-polypectomy surveillance has become a major indication for colonoscopy as a result of increased use of screening colonoscopy in Korea. However, because the medical resource is limited, and the first screening colonoscopy produces the greatest effect on reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer, there is aneed to increase the efficiency of postpolypectomy surveillance. In the present report, a careful analytic approach was used to address all available evidences to delineate the predictors for advanced neoplasia at surveillance colonoscopy. Based on the results of review of the evidences, we elucidated the high risk findings of the index colonoscopy as follows: 1) 3 or more adenomas, 2) any adenoma larger than 10 mm, 3) any tubulovillous or villous adenoma, 4) any adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, and 5) any serrated polyps larger than 10 mm. In patients without any high-risk findings at the index colonoscopy, surveillance colonoscopy should be performed five years after index colonoscopy. In patients with one or more high risk findings, surveillance colonoscopy should be performed three years after polypectomy. However, the surveillance interval can be shortened considering the quality of the index colonoscopy, the completeness of polyp removal, the patient`s general condition, and family and medical history. This practical guideline cannot totally take the place of clinical judgments made by practitioners and should be revised and supplemented in the future as new evidence becomes available. (Intest Res 2012;10:89-109)

ICT 기반 스마트 중량제 수거 시스템 도입에 의한 온실가스 배출량 감축 효과 및 폐기물 발생량 예측

김현수(Hyun-Soo Kim),장정훈(Jung-Hoon Jhang),박재람(Jae-Ram Park),김기홍(Ki-Hong Kim),신재현(Jae-Hyeon Shin),이동엽(Dong-Yeop Lee),정새봄(Sae-Bom Jeong) 한국열환경공학회 2022 열환경공학 Vol.17 No.2

Due to global warming and climate change, greenhouse gases are considered an important factor to reduce. In this paper, to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas inevitably generated in the process of waste collection and transport, we investigated the optimization of the collection route and predicting the amount of waste generated by implementing an ICT-based smart weight collection system in Jeju city's D area. HES and LSTM models were used as prediction methods. We calculated greenhouse gas emissions assuming the 23 clean houses in the D area were replaced with the smart weight collection system. As a result of the prediction results, both models performed with 85% accuracy. It shows optimizing the collection route can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 57%. In this study, It is expected that the effect of introducing a smart weight collection system to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will be further increased if long-term data are accumulated in areas with higher populations and waste generation than area D.

새로운 유전자 재조합 기술에 의하여 생산된 Erythropoietin 의 일반약리작용

김현수(Hyun Su Kim),박관하(Kwan Ha Park),김달현(Dal Hyun Kim),이동억(Dong Eok Lee),김영훈(Young Hoon Kim),정성목(Seong Mok Jeong),임동문(Dong Moon Lim),조효진(Hyo Jin Cho),정재경(Jae Kyung Jung) 한국응용약물학회 1994 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.2 No.4

The general pharmacological properties of EPO were investigated in various animals administering intravenously and in vitro system. The results were as follows. 1. Central nervous system: EPO at doses of 70, 700, 7000 U/kg showed no effect in mice on general behavior, on strychnine- an ntetrazol-induced convulsion and on acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome. The hexobarbital-induced sle g time in mice was slightly reduced by EPO at a dose of 7000 U/kg but did not change at doses of 70, 700 U/kg. The body temperature in rats was slightly decreased by EPO at doses of 700, 7,000 U/kg but the change was in normal physiological range. 2. Respiratory and cardiovascular system: EPO showed no effect on respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, femoral blood flow, and electrocardiogram in anesthetized dogs at doses of 70, 700, 7000 U/kg. 3. Smooth muscle: EPO at concentrations of 70, 700 U/ml had no effect on the contractile response of isolated guinea pig ileum to histamine and acetylcholine. 4. Water and electrolytes excretion: EPO at dose above 700 U/kg increased urine volume in rats but did not affect the concentrations of Na^+, K^+, Cl^- in urine. 5. Gastrointestinal system: EPO(70, 700, 7000 U/kg) had no effect on the intestinal charcoal meal propulsion in mice. 6. Blood coagulation system: The administration of EPO(70, 700, 7000 U/kg) had no effect on the plasma prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) in mice. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen was not influenced by EPO(70 U/ml, 700 U/ml). The overall results obtained indicated that EPO exerts almost no serious pharmacological effect even at a 100-fold clinical dose(7000 U/kg).

소년원생들의 우울증 예측에 기계학습을 적용한 예비연구

손동훈(Dong Hun Son),장진구(Jhin Goo Chang),송후림(Hoo Rim Song),이수영(Su Young Lee),이승훈(Seung Hoon Lee),방수영(Soo-Young Bhang),이미선(Mi-Sun Lee),김현수(Hyun-Soo Kim),홍민하(Minha Hong) 대한사회정신의학회 2021 사회정신의학 Vol.26 No.2

연구목적 : 청소년 범죄에서 정신건강의 문제와 범죄가 관련성이 높다는 것은 잘 알려져 있지만 국내에서는 아동청소년 범죄자들의 정신건강에 관한 연구가 거의 없다. 뿐만 아니라 아동청소년정신건강 영역에서 기계학습을 적용한 연구는 아직 초기단계이다. 본 예비연구에 서는 여자청소년 재소자들에서 정신건강 문제 중 우울증의 예측에 기계학습 알고리즘을 적용하여 적합한 지를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 대상자는 청주소년원에 재소중인 87명의 여자청소년을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자들에게 설문지 패키지 (인구학적 정보, 범죄관련 정보, 자기보고척도 설문지(아동기부정적경험 설문지, 벡우울척도)를 배부하여 정보를 수집하였다. 기계학습 기법을 이용하여 수집된 재소자들의 기본 정보를 바탕으로 우울증을 예측할 수 있는 6개의 모델(Logistic regression, Random forest, Supportive vector machine, Decision tree, Nearest neighbor, Adaboost)을 생성하여 각 모델간의 예측 성능을 비교해 보았다. 결 과 : 대상자를 벡우울척도(절단점 13)로 군을 분류한 결과 정상군 18명(21%)과 우울증군 69명(79%)이었다. 6개 모델의 우울증 예측 정확도는 Logistic regression 81.8%, Random forest 81.8%, Supportive vector machine 68.18%, Decision tree 72.7%, Nearest neighbor 77.3%, Adaboost 63.6%였다. 그중에서 Random forest 모델의 AUC score는 0.75로 다른 모델들과 비교하여 가장 높았다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 재소청소년의 정신건강에 중점을 두어 현황을 파악하고,우울증의 예측에 기계학습 기법을 적용을 하여 높은 정확도를 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한 취약계층의 정신건강 영역에 기계학습 기법을 적용하여 관리 및 감시에 적용 가능성에 대한 근거를 제공하였다. Objectives : It is well known that mental health problems and crime are highly related to youth crime, but there is little research on the mental health of young offenders in Korea. Furthermore, research on the application of machine learning in the mental health of children and adolescents is still novel. This preliminary study aims to investigate whether it is appropriate to apply machine learning algorithms to predict depression among female adolescent inmates. Methods : The subjects were 87 young females in Cheongju Juvenile Center. A questionnaire was distributed to the subjects to gather their demographic information and crime-related information, as well as their adverse childhood experiences and Beck depression inventory scores using self-reported scale questionnaires. Based on the collected information, six models (logistic regression, random forest, supportive vector machine, decision tree, nearest neighbor, Adaboost) that can predict depression were created to compare the predictive performance between models using machine learning techniques. Results : Results showed that 29 victims (25.7%) met the criteria of PTSD and 19 victims (16.8%) met the rigid criteria of PTSD. But, according to the subscales, 41 victims (36.3%) were diagnosed as PTSD. Victims with PTSD had more serious depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, anger, social withdrawal and life stresses. Conclusion : This study identified the current mental health status of female inmates with high accuracy by applying machine learn-ing techniques to predict depression. The applicability of machine learning techniques to the management and surveillance of mental health in vulnerable groups was also highlighted.

의약품 공급망의 확장형 페디그리 적용에 따른 데이터량에 관한 연구

김동진 ( Dong Jin Kim ),김현수 ( Hyun Soo Kim ),이종민 ( Jong Min Lee ),한정훈 ( Jung Hoon Han ) 한국로지스틱스학회 2013 로지스틱스연구 Vol.21 No.3

최근 들어 의약품 유통관리의 허점을 이용해 향정신성 약품 등이 무분별하게 남용되어 사망사고로 이어진 사건들이 발생하고 있다. 이에 국내 제약산업의 관련기업들은 의약품의 좀 더 철저한 유통관리를 위해 제품의 생산부터 판매 또는 사용시점까지의 이력을 추적할 수 있는 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) 기술을 적용한 전자적 페디그리(ePedigree) 기술의 도입을 시도하고 있다. 그러나 의약품은 유통과정의 이력추적을 통한 제품의 정품인증과 사용승인을 보장하는 것뿐만 아니라 제품 자체의 품질상태 유지 또한 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 RFID 기술을 적용하여 의약품의 유통과정에 대한 이력추적을 가능케 하는 전자적 페디그리(ePedigree) 기술과, 이력추적과 함께 적절한 보관환경(온·습도) 관리도 가능케 하는 확장형 페디그리(e-pedigree) 기술의 도입 환경을 비교분석 하였다. 특별히, 최근 국내 의약품 유통관련 법령의 강화에 대처하는 의약품 제조업체의 RFID 기술적용 사례분석을 통해 의약품의 제조, 유통, 보관을 수행하는 기업들이 ePedigree 기술을 통해 데이터 발생량과 유통과정의 보관환경(온·습도)까지도 확인할 수 있는 e-pedigree 기술을 통한 데이터 발생량 차이를 비교분석하였다. In this study, Introduction of environment were analyzed traceability with proper storage environment(temperature and humidity) that enables scalable management pedigree(e-pedigree) technology, RFID technology by applying the drug distribution process, which allows for electronic traceability pedigree(ePedigree) technology. e-pedigree data generation gap through technology were analyzed. Pharmaceutical manufacturing, distribution, warehousing companies to perform ePedigree technology generation and distribution process of data storage environment(temperature and humidity) until confirmation. Applications of RFID technology through the analysis of drug manufacturing, distribution, storage, ePedigree technology firms to perform. In particular, the recent strengthening of domestic laws and regulations related to drug distribution to cope with the pharmaceutical manufacturers.

대장폴립절제술 가이드라인

이석호 ( Suck Ho Lee ),신성재 ( Sung Jae Shin ),박동일 ( Dong Ii Park ),김성은 ( Seong Eun Kim ),홍성필 ( Sung Pil Hong ),홍성노 ( Sung Noh Hong ),양동훈 ( Dong Hoon Yang ),이보인 ( Bo In Lee ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),김현수 ( Hyu 대한소화기학회 2012 대한소화기학회지 Vol.59 No.2

1. 대장폴립절제술 전 혈전색전증 발생 고위험군에서는 아스피린 복용을 계속해야 하고, 혈전색전증 발생 저위험군에서는 환자 및 폴립의 특성에 따라 중단 여부를 결정해야 하며, 혈전 발생위험이 없는 군에서는 가능하면 아스피린을 중단하는 것이 권고된다. 2. 미소폴립의 제거에서는 완전 제거율, 안정성, 회수조직의 조직학적 적정성 여부를 고려할 때 고온 생검법은 권고되지 않는다. 3. 폴립절제술 시점막하 주사는 조기 출혈 예방에 도움이 되지만 지연 출혈 예방효과는 분명치 않다. 4. 크기가 큰(>1 cm) 목 있는 폴립의 절제에서 절제 전예방적 시술(루프 혹은 클립 유치)은 조기 출혈의 예방에 도움이 되지만 지연 출혈의 예방효과는 분명치 않다. 5. 폴립 절제 후 생성된 인공궤양에 대한 예방적 시술(아르곤플라스마 응고술 혹은 클립 유치술)은 지연 출혈 예방에 도움이 되지 않는다. 6. 폴립절제술 후 조직검사에서 점막하 침범이 있으면서 완전절제(절제면 음성)된 선암으로 판정된 경우 림프관 혹은 정맥 침범이 있거나, 분화도가 나쁜 경우, 침범 깊이가 깊을 경우에는 림프절 전이의 위험이 증가하므로 추가적인 수술적 절제를 고려해야 한다. There are indirect evidences to suggest that 80% of colorectal cancers (CRC) develop from adenomatous polyps and that, on average, it takes 10 years for a small polyp to transform into invasive CRC. In multiple cohort studies, colonoscopic polypectomy has been shown to significantly reduce the expected incidence of CRC by 76% to 90%. Colonoscopic polypectomy is performed frequently in primary, secondary and tertiary and medical centers in Korea. However, there are no evidence-based, procedural guidelines for the appropriate performance of this procedure, including the technical aspects. For the guideline presented here, Pubmed, Medline, and Cochrane Library literature searches were performed. When little or no data from well-designed prospective trials were available, an emphasis was placed on the results from large series and reports from recognized experts. Thus, these guidelines for colonoscopic polypectomy are based on a critical review of the available data as well as expert consensus. Further controlled clinical studies are needed to clarify aspects of this statement, and revision may be necessary as new data become available. This guideline is intended to be an educational device to provide information that may assist endoscopists in providing care to patients. This guideline is not a rule and should not be construed as a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouraging any particular treatment. Clinical decisions for any particular case involve a complex analysis of the patient`s condition and the available courses of action.

수술 후 잔위에서 Helicobacter pylori의 분포와 역할

최윤종 ( Yeun Jong Choi ),김현수 ( Hyun Soo Kim ),박동훈 ( Dong Hoon Park ),김문영 ( Moon Young Kim ),백순구 ( Soon Koo Baik ),이동기 ( Dong Ki Lee ),권상옥 ( Sang Ok Kwon ),박광화 ( Kwang Hwa Park ) 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Background/Aims: The distribution of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and its effect on postoperative remnant gastritis has not been clearly investigated. Thus, we carried out this study to examine H. pylori positive rate in the body and cardia and to assess the role of H. pylori on the pathogenesis of remnant gastritis. Methods: Eighty-two patients who had undergone gastric surgery (Billroth I, II) were studied. Four biopsy specimens were obtained from the cardia and oral side of anastomosis for histological analysis and CLO test. The histological grades of gastritis were determined by four parameters of visual analogue scales adopted by updated Sydney system. Results: The overall positive rate of H. pylori was 48.8%. Among the infected patients, H. pylori positive rate was significantly higher in the cardia than in the body (87.5% vs. 37.5%, p< 0.01). The H. pylori positivity was not associated with age, sex, primary disease, type of surgery, chemotherapy, and postopertive interval. The gastritis scores of inflammatory cell infiltration were higher in H. pylori positive patients. However, the scores of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: The H. pylori positive rate is higher in the cardia than in the body of postoperative remnant stomach. It suggests that H. pylori may play an important role in remnant gastritis through acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2003;41:177-182)

딥러닝 첫걸음

문지호(서평자) 한국강구조학회 2021 韓國鋼構造學會誌 Vol.33 No.5

교류 및 직류에 대한 CNT 시멘트 복합체의 전기적 응답 특성

신성우 ( Shin Sung Woo ),김현수 ( Kim Hyun-soo ),강수태 ( Kang Su-tae ),이동훈 ( Lee Dong-hoon ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2014 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.18 No.1