과도기적 간병인 서비스에 대한 디자인 연구 - 이해관계자 중심의 접근 -

김진형 ( Kim¸ Jin Hyoung ),조진실 ( Jo¸ Jinsil ),정다빈 ( Jeong¸ Dabin ),김현경 ( Kim¸ Hyoun K ),백준상 ( Baek¸ Joon Sang ) 디자인융복합학회(구.한국인포디자인학회) 2020 디자인융복합연구 Vol.19 No.6

한국 사회의 고령인구가 급속하게 증가하면서 간병 서비스를 이용하는 인구가 늘고 있지만 현재의 간병 서비스는 환자와 간병인을 포함한 모든 이해관계자를 만족시키지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 문헌 연구와 심층 인터뷰를 통해 환자-간병인 사이의 이해 관계 개선을 위한 목적으로 온라인 매칭 서비스를 제안하였다. 온라인 매칭 서비스는 환자와 간병인의 상호 선택권을 보장함으로써 간병인을 중심으로 한 이해관계자들의 요구사항을 충족시킬 수 있는 것이다. 디자인 콘셉트 평가, 본 연구의 온라인 매칭 서비스는 환자와 보호자, 간병인 간의 상호 존중감 향상에 기여하였다. 그러나 추후 개선 과제로 간병인 정보에 대한 신뢰성 확보와 애플리케이션 사용 편리성 증대가 언급되었다. 본 연구는 복잡한 이해관계가 얽힌 사회문제를 다루는 디자인 문제 해결적 사례로써 고령 환자 간병을 둘러싼 이해관계자들의 불편을 개선할 수 있는 대안이 될 것으로 기대한다. While the number of elderly people in Korean society is increasing rapidly, the current nursing service has failed to satisfy all stakeholders, including patients, guardians and caregivers. This study aimed to suggest patient-care online matching service through literature research and in-depth interviews. Online matching services meet the needs of stakeholders centered on caregivers by ensuring mutual options for patients and caregivers. The assessment of the design concept through stakeholder interviews revealed that the online matching service contributed to create a culture of mutual respect among patients, guardians, caregivers and nurses. However noted that the reliability of caregiver information should be ensured and the ease of use of the application should be improved. This study is expected to be an alternative to highlighting institutional blind spots and improving the inconvenience of stakeholders surrounding nursing care for elderly patients as a design case dealing with social issues with complex interests of caregiving system.

어머니의 양육스트레스와 아동의 초등학교 전이시기 학업수행능력의 종단적 발달경로: 가정환경자극과 학교준비도의 이중매개효과

김윤희 ( Kim Yunhee ),구자연 ( Koo Ja Yeun ),김현경 ( Kim Hyoun K ) 한국유아교육학회 2019 유아교육연구 Vol.39 No.3

본 연구는 만 4세 때 어머니의 양육스트레스와 만 7세 때 초등학교 1학년 시기 아동의 학업수행능력 간의 관계에서 만 5세 때 가정환경자극과 만 6세 때 학교준비도의 순차적 이중매개효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 아동 2,128명(여아 1,046명)과 아동의 어머니로 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널(Panel Study on Korean Children, PSKC) 중 어머니 및 교사에 의해 평정된 만 0세부터 만 7세까지의 1-8차년도(2008-2015년) 자료를 사용하였고, 연구모형은 경로분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 만 5세 때 가정환경자극과 만 6세 때 학교준비도는 만 7세 때 학업수행능력에 직접적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 만 4세 때 어머니의 양육스트레스와 만 5세 때 가정환경자극은 만 6세 때 아동의 학교준비도에 직접적으로 각각 부정적인 영향과 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 또한, 만 4세 때 어머니의 양육스트레스는 만 5세 때 가정환경자극에도 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 만 4세 때 어머니의 양육스트레스와 만 7세 때 아동의 학업수행능력간의 관계에서 만 5세 때 가정환경자극과 만 6세 때 아동의 학교준비도가 순차적으로 이중매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 아동의 긍정적인 초등학교 전이를 돕는 프로그램 개발에 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 기대된다. This study examined the extent to which mothers’ parenting stress in early childhood (age 4) influenced children’s academic achievement during the transition to elementary school (age 7) through home environment (age 5) and school readiness (age 6). Data for the present study were taken from the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) across Waves 1 through 8 (from 2008 to 2015). For the purpose of the study, mothers’ reports on parenting stress and home environment and teachers’ reports on 2,128 children’s (girls, n=1,046) school readiness and academic achievement were used. Results from the path analysis indicated that the direct effects of children’s positive home environment at age 5 and school readiness at age 6 on their academic achievement at age 7 were significant, although mothers’ parenting stress at age 4 did not show significant direct effects on children’s academic achievement. However, mothers’ parenting stress at age 4 was negatively and home environment at age 5 was positively influenced children’s school readiness at age 6. Additionally, mothers’ parenting stress negatively influenced home environment. Further, mothers’ parenting stress significantly influenced children’s academic achievement through positive home environment and high levels of school readiness. These findings support the hypothesized dual mediation model, highlighting the significance of positive home environment and school readiness for children’s adjustment during the transition to elementary school. Findings from the present study also suggest that targeting to reduce mothers’ parenting stress and subsequently to promote positive home environment and school readiness in children via intervention programs can be an effective way to facilitate children’s academic achievement during this transitional period.

아버지 양육행동이 학령기 아동의 의도적 통제에 미치는 영향

김재희(Jaehee Kim),김현경(Hyoun K. Kim),이희선(Heesun Lee) 한국아동학회 2017 아동학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objective: This study examined whether the effects of fathering on school children’s effortful control would be moderated by fathers’ and mothers’ own effortful control. Methods: The sample included 371 fourth grade children (47% boys) and their parents. Father’s positive and negative parenting behaviors, parents’ own effortful control and children’s effortful control were assessed. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression in SPSS 18.0. Results: Parents’ effortful control appeared to moderate the effect of fathering on children’s effortful control. More specifically, parents’ high levels of effortful control increased the effects of positive fathering on children’s effortful control. Conclusion: Findings indicated that parents’ effortful control tended to increase the effects of positive fathering (and lower the effects of negative fathering). This supports the importance of parents’ effortful control in the development of school children’s effortful control.

부모의 놀이지지신념과 유아의 놀이성이 유아의 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향

김수예(Sooye Kim),김현경(Hyoun K. Kim) 한국보육지원학회 2021 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parent play support beliefs and children s playfulness on children s ego-resiliency. Methods: The participants for this study were 236 young children aged 3 to 5, their parents, and teachers in 19 daycare centers located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. Results: The major findings were summarized as follows. First, overall, the level of parents’ play support beliefs, children s playfulness and ego-resiliency tended to be high in the present sample. Second, mothers’ play support beliefs and children s active participation in play were significantly and positively associated with children’s ego-resiliency. Third, parents’ play support beliefs had no moderation effect on the effects of children s playfulness on their ego-resiliency. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that parents play support beliefs and children s playfulness are effective in improving children s ego-resiliency.

유아의 초등학교 준비도 관련 연구동향 분석

구자연(Koo, Ja Yeun),김현경(Kim, Hyoun. K.) 한국열린유아교육학회 2018 열린유아교육연구 Vol.23 No.5

본 연구는 초등학교 전이시기 유아의 학교준비도에 관한 국내 학술지 논문의 동향을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2000년부터 2017년까지의 한국연구재단 등재학술지 논문 40편을 선정하여 연구시기, 연구대상, 연구유형, 연구내용 및 연구변인의 동향을 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아의 학교준비도 관련 연구는 2010년을 기점으로 양적인 증가를 보였으며, 2017년도에 가장 많은 연구가 수행된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 연구대상은 일반 유아에 집중되었으며, 부모와 유아를 함께 대상으로 한 연구가 많았다. 셋째, 연구유형은 양적연구 중 조사연구가 많았으며, 실험연구, 질적연구 및 문헌연구는 부족하였다. 넷째, 연구내용은 학교준비도 관련 변인 간의 관계를 탐색하는 연구가 많았으며, 프로그램 개발 및 효과에 대한 연구는 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 학교준비도에 대한 연구변인은 가족 관련 변인이 많았으며, 유아의 내적 특성 중 인지 영역 관련 변인은 상대적으로 부족하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 초등학교 전이시기 유아의 학교준비도 관련 후속연구를 위한 방향과 시사점을 제안하였다. This study aim to examine Korean research trends in children’s school readiness during their elementary school transition. Forty academic journals registered on the National Research Foundation of Korea from 2000 to 2017 were selected for analysis on the trends of research time period, subjects, methods, and variables. The results were as follows; First, the number of studies increased gradually since 2000 and reached its peak in 2017. Second, the research subjects mostly included children. Third, studies mostly used quantitative approaches using questionnaires while lacking in experimental, qualitative, and literature research. Fourth, the common focus of the studies was on relationships between children’s school readiness and personal/social contexts while there was less focus on program development and effects. Fifth, most studies focused on within-family variables (e.g., parenting and parental socioeconomic status) while there was less focus on variables associated with cognitive development. Based on these results, this study suggests the direction and perspective for further research on children’s school readiness during their elementary school transition.

초기 청소년의 의도적 통제가 학업성적과 문제행동에 미치는 종단적 영향

김재희(Jae hee Kim),김현경(Hyoun K. Kim) 한국아동학회 2017 아동학회지 Vol.38 No.5

Objective: This study examined the extent to which early adolescents’ effortful control influenced academic competence and behavioral problems 2 years later, focusing on the mediating effects of social skills. Additionally, gender differences in these mediating effects were examined. Methods: A community sample of 397 fourth graders (213 girls, M = 10.43 years) and their parents and teachers participated in the study and were followed for 2 years (M = 12.38 years). Effortful control, social skills, academic performance, and problem behaviors were assessed. Data were analyzed using SEM using Mplus 7.4. Results: Findings indicated that effortful control significantly predicted positive social skills, which in turn led to positive adjustment outcomes 2 years later. In addition, there were significant gender differences. Boys’ effortful control was directly associated with lower levels of externalizing symptoms and indirectly associated with positive academic performance through enhanced social skills. On the other hand, the direct effects of effortful control on academic performance were not significant for girls. Instead, their effortful control was significantly predictive of lower levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms mediated via high levels of social skills. Conclusion: These findings can inform future efforts to develop effective gender-specific prevention and intervention programs to facilitate healthy development among Korean youth.

중장년 남성들의 웰에이징을 위한 지역사회 센터 활동 프로그램 소개: 카카오톡 채널을 통한 서비스 디자인을 중심으로

조은호(Eunho Jo),김소영(Soyoung Kim),김율리(Yulri Kim),신미라(Mira Shin),윤도경(Do kyung Yoon),정주라(Jura Chung),김현경(Hyoun K. Kim),이현경(Hyun-kyung Lee) 한국디자인학회 2020 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.6

소년보호관찰 집단의 이질적 문제행동 패턴을 예측하는 위험요인 검증

한지연(Han, Jiyoun),서아현(Seo, Ahhyun),김현경(Kim, Hyoun k),오경자(Oh, Kyungja),이주영(Lee, Jooyoung) 한국청소년정책연구원 2018 한국청소년연구 Vol.29 No.3

본 연구에서는 잠재 프로파일 분석 절차를 활용하여 보호관찰 청소년들의 이질적 문제행동 패턴을 확인하고, 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하여 이질성을 예측하는 위험요인들을 살펴보고자 하였다. 2016년 7월부터 2017년 3월까지 서울보호관찰소에 신규 접수된 보호관찰 청소년들 중 연구 참여에 동의한 총 171명의 자료를 분석하였으며, 문제행동과 양육행동은 보호자 보고, 아동기 역경 경험과 동기체계는 청소년 자기보고로 평가되었다. 보호자가 보고한 청소년들의 문제행동을 바탕으로 잠재프로파일 분석을 실시한 결과 3계층 모형이 가장 적합한 것으로 분석되었다. 각 계층은 문제행동 유형에 따라 ‘규칙위반 행동 집단’, ‘외현화 문제 집단’, ‘혼합문제 집단’으로 명명하였다. 다항 로지스틱분석을 통하여 세 집단 간의 차이를 예측할 수 있는 위험요인들을 살펴본 결과 우선, 혼합문제 집단은 외현화 문제 집단에 비하여 높은 행동 억제 체계(Behavioral Inhibition System; BIS)와 부모의 과잉반응 양육태도, 많은 정서적 방임 경험을 나타냈다. 규칙위반 행동 집단에 비해서는 여자 청소년들이 많았고, 부모의 과잉반응과 느슨한 양육태도가 높고, 정서적 방임이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 외현화 문제 집단은 규칙위반 행동 집단에 비하여 부모의 과잉반응 양육태도가 높고, 부모의 약물남용 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 소년법 위반으로 보호관찰을 받고 있는 청소년들을 대상으로 자기보고와 보호자 보고라는 다양한 정보원에서 얻은 자료를 분석함으로써 사법체계에 연루된 청소년들의 문제행동 양상에 따라 차별화된 개입이 필요함을 확인하였다는 것에 의의가 있다. The current literature suggests that juvenile probationers may be characterized by heterogeneous behavioral problem patterns and these heterogeneous problems may be associated with different risk factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the heterogeneous patterns of behavioral problems, and to identify risk factors differently associated with the patterns in Korean juvenile probationers. The participants were newly enrolled from July 2016 to March 2017 at Seoul Probation Office. A total of 171 Korean juvenile probationers completed questionnaires assessing adverse childhood experience and behavioral motivational systems. The parents completed questionnaires measuring their children`s behavior problems and parenting styles. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. The LPA identified three distinct profiles: (1) Rule-breaking behavior group, (2) Externalizing problem group, and (3) co-occurring problem group. Our results also showed that different risk factors (e.g., gender, emotional neglect, over-reactivity and laxness parenting style) were differently associated with three heterogeneous behavior groups. These results may help to better understand the behavioral characteristics of Korean juvenile probationers and may suggest different types of interventions targeting these heterogeneous behavior groups.

어머니 직장의 가족친화제도 시행과 이용이 맞벌이-공동양육 (dual earner-dual carer) 잠재집단에 미치는 종단적 영향

최지은 ( Jieun Choi ),이지원 ( Jiwon Lee ),김현경 ( Hyoun K. Kim ) 육아정책연구소 2021 육아정책연구 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 한국아동패널 아동의 0~3세 시기 맞벌이가족(N=640)의 사회인구학적 특성과 어머니 직장의 가족친화제도 시행 및 이용이 6세 때의 맞벌이 유지 여부와 공동양육 양(부모간 양육분담)과 질(부모 간 갈등, 비난 등) 수준이 다른 네 개의 잠재집단을 어떻게 예측하는지 분석하였다. 연구결과 어머니의 긴 근무시간, 아버지의 짧은 근무시간은 이후 맞벌이 유지와 공동양육 양에 긍정적인 영향을 주었고, 전체 가족친화제도의 시행과 휴직지원 제도의 시행 및 이용은 맞벌이 유지와 공동양육 양과 질에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 끝으로 맞벌이가족 어머니의 경력단절 방지와 두 부모의 공동양육 증진을 통하여 2인 소득-2인 양육자 모델(dual earner-dual carer model) 정착을 위한 방안을 논의하였다. To examine the longitudinal effects of family-friendly policies (FFPs) in mothers’ workplaces, 640 dual-earner (DE) families with a child aged zero to three from the Panel Study on Korean Children were analyzed. The study examined whether the families would be characterized by different latent profiles regarding DE status as well as the quantity (e.g., dividing childcare work) and quality (e.g., conflict between parents) of the coparenting when the child was six years old. Further, this study examined whether sociodemographic factors as well as the implementation and utilization of FFPs in mothers' workplaces predicted profile membership. Four distinctive profiles were identified: the “highest DE rate-equal division-high quality (20%)”, the “second highest DE rate-mother does mostly-low quality (21%)”, the “second lowest DE rate-mother does mostly-high quality (41%)”, and the “lowest DE rate-Mother takes full charge-low quality (18%)”. Longer maternal and shorter paternal working hours in DE families were associated with subsequent higher DE rates and coparenting quantity. Additionally, implementing and utilizing parental leave in DE families were subsequently

부모 공동양육의 양과 질을 반영한 잠재프로파일분석과 집단 간 사회인구학적 특성, 학령기 아동 정서조절능력의 차이

이지원(Jiwon Lee),최지은(Jieun Choi),김현경(Hyoun K. Kim) 한국아동학회 2020 아동학회지 Vol.41 No.6

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize multidimensional coparenting profiles based on the quantity and quality of coparenting. We also examined whether the sociodemographic factors differed amongst coparenting profiles and led to variations in emotion regulation ability in school-age children (7-9 years old). Methods: Fathers and mothers of 1,038 families from the Panel Study on Korea Children (PSKC) across waves 7 to 10 were analyzed using latent profile analysis and the BCH method. Results: Four subgroups with distinctive coparenting types were identified; ‘equal division-high quality group (Group 1)’ (n = 191, 18.40%), ‘mother does more-low quality group (Group 2)’ (n = 174, 16.76%), ‘mother does mostly-high quality group (Group 3)’ (n = 468, 45.09%), and ‘mother takes full charge-low quality (Group 4)’ (n = 205, 19.75%). Group 1 tended to have higher levels of mothers’ income, while Group 4 exhibited lower levels of parental education and household income. Group 2 had longer maternal working hours, while Group 3 were mostly single-earner families. Additionally, children of the two groups with low levels of coparenting quality (i.e., Group 2 and 4) exhibited significantly lower levels of emotion regulation ability during the early years in grade school. Conclusion: This study highlighted the heterogeneous characteristics of subgroups with distinctive coparenting patterns and their associations with children’s emotional regulation ability. This study sheds light on the need to develop support systems that are specific to the unique needs of individual subgroups with distinctive coparenting patterns.