저장기간에 따른 계육의 지방산 조성에 관한 연구 - 2 . 지방산의 조성변화

김영직,박구부,이한기,정천교 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1989 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was designed to comapare the storage stage of spermatozoa in the utero-vaginal (U-V) glands and the infundibular glands of high-fecundity hens. These laying hens were assigned to four group by date intervals after last artificial inseminations. The U-V glands and the infundibular glands in the tissue preparation of the each hen uterus were observed microscopically, and also the appearance rates of spermatozoa-contained U-V glands were compared with those of the infundibular glands. 1. The appearance rates of spermatozoa-contained U-V glands were found to be 27,8%, 28.8, 19.9, 11.1% respectively at the hen groups of 1, 3, 7, 10 days after artificial insemination. 2. The appearance rates of spermatozoa-contained infundibular glands were found to be 0.5, 1.1, 0.6. 0.4% of 1, 3, 7, 10 days after AI and number of spermatozoa contained in a infundibular glands tend predominently to be 1 to 2. So this study cocluded as follows: The appearance rates of spermatozoa-contained glands were found to be higher in the U-V glands than in the infundibular glands and also spermatowa number per gland were more numerous in U - V glands than in infundibular glands.

성게 껍질 분말의 급여가 육계의 생산성 및 무기물 함량에 미치는 영향

김영직,Kim Y. J. 한국가금학회 2005 한국가금학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This experiment was conducted to compare the influences of dietary sea urchin shell powder (SUSP) supplemented to broiler diets on performance, mineral contents and blood cholesterol for 5 weeks. The experimental diets contained 21.5 and $19\%$ CP for the starting and finishing period, respectively The ME was 3,100 kcal/kg of feed in both starter and finisher diets. One hundred sixty chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates and fed one of 4 experimental diets containing different levels of SUSP: 1) Control (commercial feed) 2) T1 (commercial feed with $1\%$ SUSP) 3) T2(commercial feed with $3\%$ SUSP) 4) T3(commercial feed with $5\%$ SUSP). Body weight gain was higher in the T1 group when fed the starter diet (P<0.05), but was the lowest in T1 group for finishing period. Feed efficiency was not significantly different between the control and treatment groups (P>0.05). The total cholesterol of the control was higher than the treatment groups and the HDL-cholesterol were higher in T2 and T3. However, effects of diets containing graded levels of SUSP on LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride contents were not found (P>0.05). The SUSP diets were increased significantly the Fe, Zn and Ca contents of chicken meat, and tended to increase total mineral contents. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of SUSP to broiler diets could be applied to the enhancement of Ca, Fe and total mineral contents levels in chicken meat.

農村老人의 居住形態 : 嘉昌面과 華北面의 比較硏究

金永直 대구효성가톨릭 대학교 1983 연구논문집 Vol.27 No.1

Traditionally, the aged people in Korea lived with their son's family in a family system. However, such a living pattern has changed rapidly in accordance with industrialization and urbanization of a society. This study has investigated the living patterns of the aged in rural areas in the processes of urbanization. Two villages are chosen for the study: one is a suburban village(Kachang-Myun) which is located in the vicinity of Daegu, and the other is a remote village (Hwabug-Myun) which is in a distant place from the urban center. The major findings are: (1) The suburban village (Kachang-Myun) shows almost the same rate in number between extended families and nuclear families, but the rate in the remote village inclines to the extended families. It implies that the people in remote villages keep the traditional family system. (2) Of the actual living patterns, the percentage of the aged (live together) with son's family in Kachang-Myun is considerably higher than that (27.9%) of the aged who live separately, but we can not overlook the latter rate with is pretty high, while in Hwabug-Myun the former rate (81%) over-whelms the latter. (3) The statistics on the aged people's way of thinking about the living patterns indicates that 61 percent of the total aged people in Kachang-Myun want to live together, while in Hwabug-Myun still 79.3 percent aged people want to live with their son's family. (4) The fact that regional differences in the living patterns are remarkable seems to reveal that the degree to preserve the traditional culture in an area depends upon how ling the area is away form urban center So, whether an area is far or near from urban center may be a vital effect on the living patterns.

嶺南地域의 人口分布 變化

金永直 대구효성 가톨릭 대학교 1988 연구논문집 Vol.36 No.1

In this study, the change of the population distribution in Youngnam Area during recent 25 years(from 1960 to 1985) has been investigated. The major results are as follows; 1. By using the statistical methods such as the rate of urbanization, Coefficient of Variation(C.V.), Gini Coefficient, and the change of population density, the unbalancing degree between the urban and the rural areas was measured. The results were that the unbalancing degree appeared to be higher and higher. 2. Three distinct periodic characteristics were appeared in thepatterns of the population change. 1st period(1960~1970) ; that is the steady increasing period. 2nd period(1970~1980) ; that is the rapid increasing period. 3rd period(1980~1985) ; that is the stagnation period. 3. In view of time series, the population was remarkably decreased in the following periods and areas. 1) 1st period; in the inland-plain areas, and in the coast and the island areas. 2) 2nd period; in the mountain-side areas. 3) 3rd period; in the whole areas except for the urban and the new industrialized areas. 4. In the city and the county(Gun), the distribution pattern could be classified int o6 groups and in the town(Eup) and the village(Myun), it could be classified into 8 groups. Among those groups, the most remarkable one is that 15 cities among 17 cities in Youngnam area have been increasing consecutively durin g the whole kperiods, and that in the town(Eup) and village (Myun) about 70 percent of the population has kept on increasing during the whole periods. The migration from the rural area toward the urban area is till going on.

店村邑의 都市的 性格

金永直 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1983 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.1

This study has focused on the urbanization of Jumchon town, which Iocates on the north-eastern part of Kyungbuk Province. Jumchon town has town has been steadly grown and become a regional center of North Kyungbuk Province. This area produces coal and limestone. The mine industries have brought non-basic industries such as commerce and transportation. For measuring the urbanization, two variables, population and land prices, have been adopted. Size and structure of population show a rapid urbanization. The change of the land price during 1970 to 1982 has jumped up 11 times and Jumchon-ri, Heungduk-ri, and Mojun-risurrounding the urban center become high land value areas, which prove urbanization process of the areas. Intra-structure of the city does not functionally divided, but land uses in a view of landscape can classify into: Commercial District between Jumchon station and No.34 national road; Residential District surrounding the commercial district; Industrial District apart from the urban center; and Non urban District. Economic activities of Jumchon on the analysis of occupational population fall functionally into mining city. In addition to this function of the town takes a role of commercial function and transportation. However, industrialization of the city still stays in poor stage, which causes slow growing of the city. Industrial sector is required in order to develope the urban center. Communication network of Jumchon by the analysis of the telephone calls is dominant over four towns and fifteen countries.

어유과 쑥 펠렛의 급여가 돼지고기의 품질에 미치는 영향

김영직,Kim Young-Jik 한국축산식품학회 2006 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Effect of fish oil and mugwort pelleted on meat quality in 40 pigs was investigated. The pigs were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments : 1) Control (commercial feed 2) T1 (commercial feed supplemented with 1% fish oil and 1% mugwort pelleted 3) T2 (commercial feed supplemented with 1% fish oil and 3% mugwort pelleted) 4) T3 (commercial feed supplemented with 1% fish oil and 5% mugwort pelleted). The weight gain was not significantly difference between control and treatment groups(p<0.05). In proximate composition, crude fat of pork from treatment groups were decreased by addition level increased than that of control (p<0.05) but moisture crude protein and crude ash was no significantly difference. The total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglyceride of treatment groups was higher than that of control. LDL-C of control was higher than that of treatment groups. The pH, WHC (water holding capacity) and shear force of treatment groups were higher than control group. Especially pH, WHC and shear force was higher in T3 than other treatment groups (p<0.05). The meat color of treatment groups showed whiter than that of control group owing to higher $L^*$ value. The hardness and flavor of sensory evaluation were improved by treatments, especially in T2 and T3 (p<0.05).

마늘 부산물을 사료에 첨가 급여한 계육의 총페놀함량, 전자공여능 및 이화학적 특성

김영직,Kim, Young-Jik 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of garlic by-products on TBARS, WHC (water holding capacity), shear force, pH, total phenol content, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, meat color, sensory evaluation, and fatty acid composition of chicken meat. Broiler chicks were fed for 5 wk with experimental diets of 0% garlic by-product (Control), 1% garlic by-product (T1), 2% garlic by-product (T2), and 5% garlic by-product (T3). TBARS and pH were significantly decreased by the supplementation of garlic by-products compared to the control (p<0.05). Compared to the control diet, the total phenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly increased by the supplementation of garlic by-products (p<0.05). The total phenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity of treatment groups were higher than the control; in particular, T3 was significantly (p<0.05) more effective in improving freshness compared to other treatment groups. CIE $a^*$ value of treatment groups (especially T3) showed significantly higher values compared to the control; however, no difference in the CIE $L^*$ and $b^*$ values were observed among treatments. In its fatty acid composition, amounts of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in chicken meat was increased by the supplementation of garlic by-products, but amounts palmitic acid were decreased. In conclusion, supplementation with garlic by-products was effective in decreasing TBARS, pH, and saturated fatty acids, and in increasing total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and unsaturated fatty acids.

곶감 부산물의 급여가 육계의 생산성 및 계육의 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향

김영직,Kim Y. J. 한국가금학회 2005 한국가금학회지 Vol.32 No.3

This experiment was conducted to compare the influences of dietary dried persimmon by-product(DPB) on performance, blood cholesterol and fatty acid composition in broiler chicks. Diets contained 21.5 and $19\%$ CP for the starting and finishing period, respectively. The ME was 3,100kcal/kg in diets for both starter and finisher diets. One hundred sixty chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates at different levels of dried persimmon by-product. Treatments were consisted of 0(control), 1(T1), 3(T2) and $5\%$ (T3) DPB. Body weight gain was higher in treatment groups fed the starter diet but was the lowest in T3 for finishing period. Feed efficiency was not significantly different. In proximate composition, crude fat of chicken meat were increased in diets by addition of DPB than control, but moisture and crude ash was no significantly different. The total cholesterol, HDL, and triglyceride of treatment groups was higher than control. The LDL of control was higher than treatment groups. In fatty acid composition, oleic acid contents of treatment groups were higher than control, whereas stearic, linoleic acid contents lower in meat composition than control. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DPB at $3\%$ level tended to improve growth performance of broiler chicks.

논문 : 금속간 화합물 ( Ni3Al , NiTi , TiAl ) 의 진공용해 및 주조

김영직 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1990 응고기술 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

냉장전후 가열처리가 돈육의 이화학적 성질에 미치는 영향

김영직,박구부,박범영,박태선,진상근,신택순,김진성 경상대학교 축산진흥연구소 1993 畜産振興硏究所報 Vol.20 No.1