Effects of Exercise Types on BNDF and Cognitive Functions in Middle Aged Women

김유범(Yu-Beom Kim1),김경래(Kyeong-Lae Kim),박성태(Sung-Tae Park) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2020 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.10 No.2

This study is to analyse the impact of two types of exercise on BDNF and cognitive functions in middle aged women. Thirty nine healthy women, aged 50~64 years followed by randomly assigned to a task learning exercise group(n=13), non-task learning exercise group(n=13) and control group(n=13). The TEG performed a dance sports and cognitive band resistance exercise and the NTEG performed a walking and band resistance exercise. Blood sampling and auditory verbal learning test(AVLT) were performed at before exercise, after one bout exercise, and 4 weeks after. As a result, an one bout exercise of moderate intensity on middle aged women was not affected transient change of BDNF significantly regardless of exercise types, but a task-learning exercise was affected positive effect on AVLT. A chronic exercise of moderate intensity for 4 weeks on healthy middle aged women was not affected increasing of basal BDNF levels and memory performance significantly.

신체활동과 음악의 관계에 대한 고찰

김경래 ( Kyeong Lae Kim ),서한교 ( Han Gyo Seo ),황룡 ( Ryong Wang ) 한국리듬운동학회 2012 한국리듬운동학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to considerate the relationship of physical activity and music. Music improves the quality of physical education, exercise and physical activity. Human beings are born with anyone the ability to react to the music or rhythm. Human development as they grow while maintaining our close relationship with each other, showing the physiological, emotional, social and sensory integration responses. Music affects blood pressure, hormones, EEG, immune systems etc., and it is effective for the treatment of human diseases. Through the music we feel enjoyment, pleasure, happiness and tough life of human gently melts. There are three points of view-physical and physiological, psychological, social-which in the range of music therapy. Music therapy helps improve the efficiency of motor learning by increasing interest and motivation for physical activities. Music provides causing a clue of interest and motivation of learning for beginners, and can enhance active learning participation. Physical activity is necessary the music because it is right here.

복합 운동이 노인의 신체조성, 평형성 및 혈관탄성에 미치는 영향

김경래(Kyeong-Lae Kim) 한국생활환경학회 2011 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined exercise training program for 10 weeks on body composition, balance and arterial compliance in the elderly. Subjects of this experiment were selected 15 older people and they were randomly assigned into 2 groups. One group was composed of 8 who participated in a regular exercise training program, and the other group was composed of 7 who did not participate in. Both groups were measured factors before and after training; body weight, muscle weight, BMI, %body fat, WHR, and measured balance, and examined arterial compliance on arterial pulse wave velocity of carotid artery and femoral artery. Exercise training program was composed of warm up (10 min), main exercise (70 min; aerobic exercise for 40 min, resistance exercise for 30 min) performed 2 times per week. Exercise intensity was 50-60% of VO2max. To establish intensity of aerobic dance and dance sports, the beat per minute was set at 112-120. As a result, there were significant differences in muscle weight, %body fat, BMI and femoral arterial compliance between control and exercise group (p<.05). However, there were no significant difference in body weight, WHR, balance and carotid arterial compliance. In conclusion, these finding suggested that the regular combined exercise has positive effects on improving muscle weight, %body fat, BMI. Also, it is beneficial to increase arterial compliance which is known as a predictor of cardiovascular disease.

공군사관학교 지원 여자 수험생의 체격과 체력 변화에 관한 연구

김근수(Kim, Keun-Su),정연수(Chung, Yeon-Soo),김경래(Kim, Kyeong-Lae),류현승(Rhyu, Hyun-Seung) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2016 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 공군사관학교를 지원한 여자수험생의 체격과 체력의 변화 추이를 분석함으로써 입학 후 여성생도들의 체력을 체계적이고 과학적으로 증진할 수 있도록 운동 프로그램 개발에 유용한 자료를 제공하고자 진행하였다. 대상자는 2002년부터 2011년도까지 공군사관학교에 지원한 여학생(n=499명)으로 하였으며 측정요소는 체격(신장, 체중, BMI, 좌고)과 체력(100m달리기, 2분간 윗몸일으키기, 2분간 팔굽혀펴기, 제자리멀리뛰기, 1,200m달리기)으로 하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 통계 처리하였으며, 모든 측정항목에 대해 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였고, 연도별 차이를 검증하기 위하여 일원변량분석(One-Way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 통계적으로 유의한 결과에 대해서는 LSD(least significant difference)의 사후검증을 이용하였고, 통계적 유의수준은 p〈.05로 설정하였다. 연구결과 공군사관학교 지원 여자 수험생들의 체격항목에서 신장과 좌고는 변화가 없었으며, 체중과 BMI는 10년 간 완만하게 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 체력은 전 종목에서 10년 간 지속적으로 기록이 감소된 것으로 나타났고, 특히 지구력 측정 항목인 팔굽혀펴기와 오래달리기에서는 기록이 크게 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 동일연령대 여학생들과 비교해 보았을 때 공군사관학교 지원 여자 수험생의 체격과 체력은 우수하게 나타났으나, 남자 수험생 대비 체력이 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 공군사관학교에서는 교육훈련 특성상 남녀는 동일한 과정을 이수하여야 하므로 입학 후 여자생도들의 부족한 체력 수준을 고려하여 4년 간의 교육과정을 성공적으로 이수할 수 있도록 과학적이고 체계적인 체력 강화 프로그램을 개발하여 교육하여야 한다. 따라서 입학 후 점진적으로 체력을 증진하여 공군장교로서 갖추어야 할 체력 수준을 구비할 수 있도록 학교 당국은 학년별 체육교육과정 검토와 체력평가 등 제도적 장치 마련을 위한 다양한 노력을 기울이고 여자생도들은 부족한 체력수준을 향상시키기 위한 운동트레이닝에 각별히 노력하여야 한다. The purpose of this study is to provide useful data needed to develop the program for scientifically and systematically improving physical fitness of female cadets after entering Korea Air Force Academy(KAFA) by analyzing trends in the changes of physique and physical fitness of female candidates who applied to KAFA during recent 10 years. In order to accomplish the objective of the study, averages and standard deviations of all lists of measurement were generated through using SPSS 20.0, and One-Way ANOVA was used to verify the annual changes in physique and physical fitness. Post-hoc test of LSD was used to set up statistically significant results (p<.05). The results of this research are as follows: First, in terms of physique, heights of candidates have been similar to each height of candidates for 10 years, but there has not been consistency over 10 years. Also, weights and BMI show a continuous tendency to be modestly increased and there is no change in sitting height in female candidates. Second, the physical fitness of female candidates was continuously decreased, and especially there is a marked decline in push-ups and 1,200m run. In conclusion, this study suggests that the physique of Korea Air Force Academy candidates has become bigger while the physical fitness has become lower.

치어리딩이 여중생의 체력과 골밀도에 미치는 영향

박지혜 ( Ji-hey Park ),김경래 ( Kyeong-lae Kim ),서영민 ( Yung-min Seo ) 한국리듬운동학회 2021 한국리듬운동학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of 12-week cheerleading on the physical fitness and bone mineral density in middle school girls. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 42 female students from H middle school were selected and 21 students were randomly assigned to each of the exercise group and the control group, measured the physical fitness, body composition and bone mineral density before and after conducted cheerleading activity of 45 minutes 3 times a week for 12 weeks. The data obtained in this study were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program, and paired sample t-test was performed to confirm the within-group difference, and independent sample t-test was performed to confirm the difference between groups after the experiment. The results were as follows; First, the change in physical strength within the group showed significant differences in strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and agility only in the exercise group, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, quickness, agility, and coordination were significantly different between groups. Second, the body composition showed a difference in body fat percentage in the exercise group, no significant difference between groups. Third, the bone mineral density showed the significant difference due to the improved average bone mineral density, showed no difference between groups.

밸런스 트레이닝이 초등학교 알파인스키선수의 자세 안정성 및 기능적 움직임(FMS)에 미치는 영향

박정민(Park, Jeong Min),김경래(Kim, Kyeong Lae) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.9

본 연구는 밸런스 트레이닝이 초등학교 스키선수(EG/6명, CG/6명)의 자세안정성 및 기능성움직임에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 그룹별 자세안정성 및 기능성운동수행능력을 알아보았다. 밸런스 트레이닝 후 자세안정성의 변화는 EG 그룹에서 SEBT-A, SEBT-AM, SEBT-M, SEBT-PM, SEBT-P, SEBT-PL, SEBT-L, SEBT-AL에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였으며, 그룹 간 차이에서는 사후검사에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증 가하였다. 밸런스 트레이닝 후 기능성움직임능력에 관한 연구에서는 EG 그룹에서 DS, HS, IL, SM, ASL, TSP, RS의 모든 변인에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였으며, CG 그룹은 모든 변인에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한, 그 룹 간 차이에서는 사후검사에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 위의 결과로 보아, 밸런스 트레이닝이 초등학교 스키선수의 자세안정성 및 기능성 움직임의 변화에 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. This study was to investigate the effects of balance training on posture stability and functional movement screen in the elementary school alpine skiers. The participants were divided into two groups: Balance Exercise group (n=6) and Control group (n=6). The balance training program for 12 weeks. The results of this study were as follows: First, As for the posture stability, there were significantly increased in SEBT-A, SEBT-AM, SEBT-M, SEBT-PM, SEBT-P, SEBT-PL, SEBT-L, SEBT-AL in EG. Second, there were significantly increased in DS, HS Right and Left, ILL Right and Left, SM Right, ASLR Right and Left, TSPU, RS Right and Left functional movement screen abilities in EG. As conclusions, this study confirmed that the balance training could improve the posture stability and functional movement screen abilities of elementary school alpine skiers.

HIIT 프로그램의 적용이 남자 중학생의 자기통제력과 전전두엽 실행 기능에 미치는 영향

최지영(Choi, Ji Young),김경래(Kim, Kyeong Lae) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.24

이 연구의 목적은 HIIT 프로그램의 적용이 남자 중학생의 자기통제력과 전전두엽 실행 기능에 미치는 효과를 규명하여, 관련 연구 분야 및 학교 현장에서 유용하게 활용할 수 있는 효율적인 HIIT 프로그램 개발에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 연구 참여자는 J도 H군 소재 H중학교 3학년 남학생 18명으로, 운동집단과 통제집단에 각각 9명씩 무선 배정하였다. 운동 프로그램은 준비운동 5분, 80%HRR 이상의 고강도 전력 스타 점프 운동 20초와 30%HRR 이하의 저강도 저속 걷기 운동 2분을 휴 식 시간 없이 반복적으로 수행 10분, 정리운동 5분으로 구성하여 1회 20분, 주 3회씩 8주 동안 실시하였다. 통계 처리는 t-검증을 사용하여 집단 내 및 집단 간 차이를 분석하였다. 8주간 HIIT 프로그램을 적용한 후 운동집단 내 사전과 사후 비교에서 자기 통제력 하위 변인 중 충동성과 신체활동선호 변인에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 통제집단에서는 단순과제선호 항목에서만 유의차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 집단 간 사후 비교에서는 충동성과 자기중심 변인에서 유의차가 나타났다. 전전두엽 실행 기능 변인의 집단 내 사전과 사후 변화를 살펴보면, 운동집단에서는 단어 원점수, 색상 원점수, 색상-단어 원점수 변인에서, 통제집단에서는 단어 원점수, 색상-단어 원점수 변인에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 실험 후 집단 간 비교에서는 색상 원점수 및 색상-단어 원점수에서 유의차가 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HIIT on self-control and prefrontal executive function in middle school male students and to provide basic data necessary for the development of effective HIIT programs that can be usefully used in related research and school fields. The participants are 18 third grade male students at H middle school, the 9 students each random for the exercise group and control group. The HIIT program was performed 5 minutes warming up, high intensity star jump exercise over 80%HRR for 20 seconds, low intensity walking under 30%HRR for 2 minutes, and 5 minutes cool down for 20 minutes, 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The t-test was used to analyze the differences within and between two groups. After 8 weeks of the HIIT, looking into the changes of self-control between the pre and post exercise training, there were significant differences within the exercise group in two items of impulsiveness and physical activity preference. The items that there was a significant difference between two groups in impulsiveness and self centering in post exercise training. Looking into the changes of prefrontal executive function before and after the exercise group and control group that the results showed that there was statistically significant difference between the pre and post exercise training, there were significant differences within the exercise group in three items of word raw score, color raw score and color-word raw score. There were significant differences within the control group in two items of word raw score and color-word raw score. There was a significant difference between groups in color raw score and color-word raw score after the experiment.

외발자전거 운동이 고등학생의 건강체력과 운동체력에 미치는 영향

고덕주 ( Ko Duck Ju ),김경래 ( Kim Kyeong Lae ) 한국초등교육학회 2017 초등교육연구 Vol.30 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 12주간의 외발자전거 운동이 고등학생의 건강체력 및 운동체력에 미치는 영향을 규명함으로써 학교 현장에서 체육 활동 시 다양한 외발자전거 운동 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 충청남도 C시 소재 M고등학교 1학년 남학생 40명을 무작위로 선정한 후 운동집단과 비교집단 20명씩 구분하여 운동 전과 후의 건강체력과 운동체력을 측정하였다. 운동 전과 후의 건강체력 및 운동체력의 평균 차이 검증과 집단 간 차이를 확인하기 위해 SPSS WIN 20.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 t-test를 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 12주간의 외발자전거 운동은 고등학교 1학년 남학생의 건강체력 요소 중 근지구력과 심폐지구력의 개선에 많은 도움이 되었다. 둘째, 12주간의 외발자전거 운동은 고등학교 1학년 남학생의 운동체력 요소 중 민첩성과 평형성의 향상에 기여하였다. 결론적으로, 12주간 체육 수업 및 방과 후 스포츠 활동 프로그램으로 외발자전거 운동을 실시한 결과, 고등학교 1학년 남학생들의 근지구력, 심폐지구력, 민첩성, 평형성에서 효과가 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12-week unicycle exercise program on health related fitness and motor skill fitness of high school students and provided basic data needed to develop various unicycle exercise programs to be used in physical education in schools. For this purpose, 40 male High school students who first grade at M High School in C city of Chungnam province were randomly selected for the subject. They were divided into two groups(exercise group: 20, control group: 20) and measured for health related fitness and motor skill fitness before and after exercise. A t-test were conducted with the SPSS WIN Ver. 20.0 statistic program to test differences in the means of health related fitness and motor skill fitness and differences in changes between the groups before and after exercise. The results are as follows. First, the unicycle exercise program administered during physical education lessons and after-school sports activities for first graders for 12 weeks made a huge contribution to the improved muscular and cardiovascular endurance of the boys under the category of health related fitness. Second, the unicycle exercise program administered during physical education lessons and after-school sports activities for first graders for 12 weeks made a contribution to the improved agility and balance of the boys under the category of and motor skill fitness. In conclusion, 12-week unicycle exercise program for physical education lessons and after-school sports activities was effective for improving the muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, agility and balance of first grade boys.

태극권 운동이 여성 노인의 일상 체력과 면역 기능에 미치는 영향

장징이 ( Jing-yi Zhang ),김경래 ( Kyeong-lae Kim ),서한교 ( Han-kyo Seo ),안민지 ( Min-ji An ) 한국리듬운동학회 2019 한국리듬운동학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for development of TaiChi exercise program and to provide basic data for the health maintenance of the elderly women by analyzing the effects of 18weeks TaiChi on physical fitness and immune functions of elderly women. 30 female subjects were randomly assigned to 2 groups, i.e., TaiChi exercise training group 15, control group 15. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects before enrollment into this study. All subjects participated in pre-test and post-test, that is., physical fitness test(muscle strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, range of motion and balance), and immune functions test(IL-2, IFN-γ, IgM, IgA and IgG). Exercise training was performed 5 times per week, for 60minutes each time, for 18 weeks. A paired-sample t-test and an independent-sample t-test were conducted with the SPSS Ver. 23.0 statistic program to test of physical fitness and immune functions and differences in changes between the groups before and after exercise. The results of this study were as follows. Firts, in the changes of physical fitness variables after 18 weeks exercise training, there improved significantly of cardiovascular endurance, range of motion and balance in elderly women. Exercise group revealed exhibited significant differences statistically, but control group showed few changes during the experiment. Second, in the changes of immune functions variables after 18 weeks exercise training, there increased significantly of IFN-γ, IgA, IgG. Exercise group revealed exhibited significant differences statistically, but control group showed few changes during the experiment. In conclusion, TaiChi exercise program for 18 weeks improved in physical fitness in elderly women and positively affected immune functions-related cytokine and immunoglobulin.

Effects of Resistance Exercise on mRNA Expression of Brain Neuroplasticity Related Factors in Hippocampus and Cognitive Function in Ovariectomized Rats

윤은정(Eun-Jung Yoon),김경래(Kyeong-Lae Kim),박동선(Dongsun Park) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2021 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.11 No.4

This study aimed to investigate the impact of brain neuroplasticity-related factors’ mRNA expression patterns in the hippocampus and cognitive function in ovariectomized rats following resistance exercise. Twenty-week-old female SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into normal control (NC, n=10), ovariectomy (OVX, n=10), and ovariectomy + resistance exercise (OVX+REX, n=10) groups. A ladder-climbing exercise, in which rats climbed to the top of ladder with a weight applied to their tails 8 times a day, 3 days a week for 12 weeks, was used for resistance training. After 12 weeks, rats from the OVX group had higher body weights and were significantly lower in the OVX-REX group than in the OVX group. The mRNA expression levels of the brain neuroplasticity-related genes, BDNF, IGF-1 and VEGF were significantly decreased by ovariectomy. However, they were significantly increased in the OVX+REX group compared to that in the OVX group. In addition, the learning and memory function of rats in the OVX group was significantly improved by resistance exercise. These results suggest that resistance exercise contributing to improved learning and memory function may be in part due to increased mRNA expression of brain neuroplasticity-related factors in ovariectomized rats.