퇴적암반과 결정질암반에서의 심층처분장 부지조사를 위한 반사법탐사 사례 연구

권형석,한만호,공남영,문윤섭,오석훈 한국자원공학회 2023 한국자원공학회지 Vol.60 No.5

Crystalline and sedimentary rocks are the preferred host rocks in deep repositories for spent nuclear fuels. This study examined the Swiss case of sedimentary rocks and Swedish and Canadian cases of crystalline rocks. In Switzerland, a reflection survey was used to identify the candidate host rock for the disposal site as the Opalinus clay formation and to create images of the boundaries of the Mesozoic sedimentary layers, including the Opalinus clay formation. A 3D reflection survey was conducted to determine the distribution and small-scale faulting of the Opalinus clay formation. Sweden conducted reflection surveys at the Forsmark site to obtain geological information on the deformation lenses within the site and to characterize the geology of the three deformation zones near the site. Canada conducted a reflection survey at the Ignace site to obtain information on its geological structure, including the location and dipping angles of the reflectors distributed in the vicinity of the site.

물리탐사 자료를 이용한 스웨덴 Forsmark 부지 변형대의 결정론적 지질모델 작성 사례 연구

권형석,한만호,이성곤,오석훈 한국자원공학회 2025 한국자원공학회지 Vol.62 No.5

SKB사는 사용후핵연료 심층처분장 후보부지인 스웨덴 Forsmark 지역에서 3개 변형대의 분포를파악하기 위하여 상세 부지조사를 수행하였다. 지질모델은 암반 영역 모델, 결정론적 변형대 모델과 통계적 이산단열망(DFN) 모델로 구성되며, 여러 물리탐사 기법을 적용하여 지질모델을 작성하였다. 시추공 물리탐사를 적용하여 시추공 인근에 분포하는 변형대 및 균열의 분포 특성을 파악하였으며, 통계적 DFN 모델을 입력자료로 활용하였다. 자력탐사를 적용하여 부지 인근에 분포하는 선구조를 파악하였으며, 급한 경사를 가진 결정론적 변형대 모델을 작성하였다. 반사법탐사를적용하여 4 km 심도에 분포하는 파쇄대를 영상화하였으며, 완만한 경사를 가진 결정론적 변형대모델을 작성하였다. SKB conducted a detailed site investigation in the Forsmark area of Sweden, a candidate site for a deep repository for spent nuclear fuel, to determine the distribution of three deformation zones. The geological model consists of a rock domain model, a deterministic deformation zones model, and a statistical DFN model. The geological model was constructed using multiple geophysical techniques. Geophysical borehole surveys were conducted to identify the characteristics of the deformation zones and fractures adjacent to the boreholes. These results were used as input data for a statistical DFN model. Magnetic surveys were conducted to identify lineaments distributed near the site. Then, a deterministic geological model with steeply dipping deformation zones was developed. Reflection seismic surveys were conducted to image the reflectors of fractured zones distributed at a depth of 4 km. The survey results were then used to develop a deterministic geological model with gently dipping deformation zones.

분산형 전원을 포함하는 배전계통을 위한 조류계산 기법 연구

권형석,Kwon, Hyung-Seok 한국조명전기설비학회 2005 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.19 No.2

This paper addressed the issue of the three-phase load flow program for electric power distribution systems that include distributed generations. The equipment models were selected in order to consider imbalances among phases for the load flow analysis of distribution systems. Also, power equations and measurement functions are newly derived. The load flow analysis program developed in this paper was tested for the propriety of algorithm and convergence characteristics by case studies on test systems in various scales and types. 본 논문에서는 분산형 전원을 포함하는 배전계통을 위한 3상 조류계산 프로그램에 대하여 소개한다. 배전계통의 조류계산을 위하여 각 상간에 존재하는 불평형을 모두 고려할 수 있도록 계통 내 설비들의 모델을 선정하였으며, 전력방정식이나 측정함수 등도 새로 유도하였다. 본 논문을 통해 개발된 조류계산 프로그램은 다양한 크기와 형태의 시험계통에 대해 사례연구를 시행함으로써 알고리즘의 타당성 및 프로그램의 수렴성을 검증하였다.

Random Forest 기법을 이용한 도심지 MT 시계열 자료의 차량 잡음 분류

권형석,류경호,심익현,이춘기,오석훈 한국지구물리.물리탐사학회 2020 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.23 No.4

We performed a magnetotelluric (MT) survey to delineate the geological structures below the depth of 20 km in the Gyeongju area where an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.8 occurred in September 2016. The measured MT data were severely distorted by electrical noise caused by subways, power lines, factories, houses, and farmlands, and by vehicle noise from passing trains and large trucks. Using machine-learning methods, we classified the MT time series data obtained near the railway and highway into two groups according to the inclusion of traffic noise. We applied three schemes, stochastic gradient descent, support vector machine, and random forest, to the time series data for the highspeed train noise. We formulated three datasets, Hx, Hy, and Hx & Hy, for the time series data of the large truck noise and applied the random forest method to each dataset. To evaluate the effect of removing the traffic noise, we compared the time series data, amplitude spectra, and apparent resistivity curves before and after removing the traffic noise from the time series data. We also examined the frequency range affected by traffic noise and whether artifact noise occurred during the traffic noise removal process as a result of the residual difference. 2 01 6년 9월에 발생한 경주지진원 구역에 대한 정밀 지질구조 규명을 위해 MT 탐사를 적용하였다. 경주지역의MT 측정자료는 조사지역 인근의 지하철, 전력선, 공장, 주택, 농경지에서 발생된 전기적 잡음과 철도, 도로에서의 차량잡음 등으로 인해 측정자료 왜곡이 심하게 발생되었다. 이 연구에서는 고속철도 및 고속도로와 인접한 4개소의 MT 탐사자료에 기계학습 기법을 적용하여 차량잡음이 포함된 시계열을 분류하였다. 고속열차 잡음이 포함된 시계열에 대해서는확률적 경사 하강법, 서포트 벡터 머신과 랜덤 포레스트 3가지의 분류모델을 적용하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 대형트럭잡음이 포함된 시계열 자료에 대해서는 Hx 성분, Hy 성분과 Hx & Hy 합성성분 크기에 대한 3가지의 샘플 자료를 준비하였으며 랜덤 포레스트 분류모델을 구성하여 그 성능을 평가하였다. 마지막으로 차량잡음 제거 효과 분석을 위하여 차량잡음 제거 전후의 시계열, 진폭 스펙트럼과 겉보기비저항 곡선을 비교하였으며, 이를 통해 차량잡음이 영향을 미치는주파수 대역과 차량잡음 제거 시 발생될 수 있는 문제점에 대해 고찰하였다.

Analysis of Semantic Network in Life Science Domains on Middle School Textbook Based on 2009 Revised National Science Curriculum by Publisher

권형석,김영신 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2018 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.8 No.1

The textbook is the most fundamental and objective tool used by teachers and students in schools for the purpose of learning. The textbook writer is required to organize the content so that it can be logically understood by selecting the main concepts of the educational process. Studies so far have displayed restrictions in emphasizing the relationship and importance between concepts by merely providing the frequency and repetition of different concepts in a quantitative manner. Thus, this study has analyzed the life science unit of middle school science textbooks used in the 2009 revised educational curriculum in terms of the conceptual network by publishers. The middle school science textbooks published by three publishing companies were analyzed. The conclusion of this study is as set forth below. 1) There is a difference in terms of the number of concepts and network structure between publishers and units. 2) Second, the structure of the network of concepts was complex. 3) Third, the central concept of each unit varied based on the publisher. Based on this study, it is expected that the number of concepts in each unit of the new textbook will be reduced to form a simplified conceptual structure and a network that is connected to their related concepts. Furthermore, it is anticipated that this study will be helpful in the selection of textbooks that suit the characteristics of the students by adjusting the number of concepts proposed by each unit, irrespective of the author writing the unit.

돌망태석축의 실험적 연구

권형석,정철호,백영식 대한토목학회 1993 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.1993 No.1

2009 개정 중학교 과학 교과서 광합성 단원의 개념 네트워크 분석

권형석,박인경,김영신 한국생물교육학회 2018 생물교육 Vol.46 No.1

The textbook is the most fundamental and objective tool used by teachers and students in schools for the purpose of learning. The science is particularly a subject that displays a clear ranking relationship, so the content in a textbook must be suitable for the level of study. Thus, the textbook writer is required to organize the content so that it can be logically understood by selecting the main concepts of the educational process. However, studies so far have displayed restrictions in emphasizing the relationship and importance between concepts by merely providing the frequency and repetition of different concepts in a quantitative manner. Thus, this study has analyzed a network of the photosynthesis unit in science textbooks for middle schools currently used in the 2009 revised curriculum. The units of photosynthesis were divided and analyzed in three sub-unit of photosynthesis, transfer of water and nutrition, and the composition of plants. The NetDraw program was used to analyze the network of concepts. The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, there are many scientific concepts in science textbooks, which result in a complex structure. There are many similarities between the science textbook concept network and the top 30% concept network, so it will be necessary to reduce the number of concepts in science textbooks. Second, the level of achievement criteria in curriculum was sufficiently reflected in the textbook. Third, the three sub-unit of photosynthesis are connected by the concepts regarding cells, root, stem, and leaves. Through this study, it is anticipated that the concepts in the photosynthesis unit in textbooks will be connected in a more meaningful manner, and further studies will be conducted to analyze the degree of consistency of textbooks, in addition to the concepts used in actual schools.

계측에 의한 비탈의 변형거동 분석

정철호,최진국,권형석,김효진 대한토목학회 1994 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.1994 No.1

수평 자기쌍극자 송신원을 이용한 2.5차원 전자탐사 모델링

권형석 ( Hyoung Seok Kwon ),송윤호 ( Yoon Ho Song ),손정술 ( Jeong Sul Son ),서정희 ( Jung Hee Suh ) 한국지구물리·물리탐사학회 2002 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.5 No.2

모의지반 실험을 통한 누수영역 탐지기술 개발

권형석(Hyoung Seok Kwon),Yuji Mitsuhata,Toshihiro Uchida 한국방재안전학회 2009 한국방재안전학회 논문집 Vol.2 No.3

소형루프 전자탐사는 지하매질의 전기비저항 분포를 비파괴적으로 영상화하는 효과적인 탐사방법이다. 하지만 측정자료에 대한 정량적인 해석과 심도별 단면을 획득하기 위해서는 측정자료의 품질이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 소형루프 전자탐사 자료 획득 시 주변 배경잡음을 함께 측정하여 정량적 해석을 어렵게 하는 Bias noise를 제거하는 방법을 제시하였다. 이를 통해 잡음의 영향이 크게 감소한 신뢰성 있는 자료를 획득할 수 있었다. 이와 함께 측정자료로부터 전기비저항 영상을 간단하게 산출할 수 있는 겉보기 비저항 산출기법을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 방법을 서로 다른 지하수위 조건을 가진 인공 모의지반 실험 사이트에 적용하였으며, 이를 통해 소형루프 전자탐사가 누수와 같이 지하수위 조건이 다른 지역을 탐지하는데 효과적인 방법임을 확인하였다. A small loop-loop multi-frequency electromagnetic(EM) induction method is a useful technique to map a resistivity distribution efficiently and non-destructively. However, for quantitative interpretation and depth sounding, the quality of measured data is crucial. In this paper, we propose a bias correction of measured data by using background noise measurements to obtain reliable data, and propose an evaluation technique of apparent that can provide a resistivity image easily. We have performed small loop-loop EM measurements to detect water saturation in a man-made test site. The application of our proposed techniques to the measured data was successful.