색채 활용 수수께끼의 형성 연구

곽은희 ( Eun Hee Kwak ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2016 언어사실과 관점 Vol.38 No.-

This study examines traditional Korean riddles that use using colors on language of riddles. Its focus is on identifying the function of using colors in riddle formation and examining the significance of their use. While typical riddles do not involve using colors, attention is paid in this study to the unique riddle forms that are discovered when those using colors are employed. First, the function of using colors in the riddle formation process is examined. Riddles are found to follow a basic structure in which message, code, and context are used as disruptive mechanisms. In riddles where they are used, using colors have a message delivery function. The using colors offers a clue toward the resolution, while at the same time disrupting the identification of an answer due to the unlimited possibilities that they present. Next, the significance of using colors in riddles is examined. Manifesting itself in the fluid characteristics of the oral tradition, the use of using colors is viewed as an attempt at transformation to triumph over the repetition and monotony of that tradition. Because of the oral mode of transmission, riddles tend to become repetitive and predictive, which tends to bring about their extinction. Moreover, the one-off nature of riddles necessitates constant generation. The use of using colors is found to be a method of addressing these drawbacks of oral tradition and effecting new change to perpetuate the riddle genre, and is analyzed in terms of its significance as a fluid device for continued generation and preservation.

대학생 SNS 글쓰기의 이야기 담화구조 분석 - ‘대학교 대나무숲’을 중심으로 -

곽은희 ( Kwak Eun-hee ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2021 언어사실과 관점 Vol.52 No.-

The aim of the study is to examine the tendencies in internet-related community expression. The study is based on the “University Bamboo Grove/Forest”, a concept derived from the utterances of the “bamboo grove”. Data on expression and communication, asking questions and healing characteristics were obtained through a survey and analyzed from a sociolinguistic perspective. The continuity and extensibility of the University Bamboo Grove in contrast with the temporary nature of most social media can be attributed to the primary characteristic of the bamboo grove, which is sustainability. Again, the university bamboo grove represents a distinctive method of communication that leads to healing. Internet-based big data were employed to gather and empirically analyze examples of the university bamboo grove, with a total of over 140 accounts observed as of January 2021. Based on three years of university bamboo grove observation, the mediating characteristics of writing were found to be the factor responsible for this format becoming established within the university student community enculturation.

목표어 수업에서 모국어의 효과와 메타 언어적 기능 한국 대학 영어 사용 교수자의 한국어 사용을 중심으로

곽은희 ( Kwak Eun Hee ) 이중언어학회 2019 이중언어학 Vol.75 No.-

This study examines the functions of meta-language and meanings of Korean in activating the relationship between Korean language learners and English teachers in the process of learning about globalization. As a special case, when a professor who uses English as a first language lectures to a student who uses Korean as a first language, he / she learns Korean for the purpose of improving the achievement of the lecture. It serves as a special mediator for class achievement. Therefore, as a special language need for Korean is on the rise, it is possible to use Korean as an additional function for accomplishing its class as an English professor besides Korean objectivity. This can be seen as an extension of the meaning of Korean language education in that Korean is used as a tool for the achievement of the occupation of English users in addition to the need for Korean purpose. The learning motivation of learners who learn Korean as a foreign professor at university is special. First, it is assumed that the achievement of the target language can be improved when the teacher uses the learner’s native language, Korean, as a communicative language in his / her class, in the interrelationship between the English - speaking instructor and the learner with the native language of Korean. The learner who speaks Korean as their mother tongue has the emotional intimacy with the teacher when they use the Korean even though it is a short sentence in the class during the lesson. And the Korean learner, the professor, could use the goal of activating the class atmosphere in the special professional environment as a new learning motive. Therefore, we examined the mutual psychological reaction of the learner’s learner’s theories of the native language, and accordingly the instructor who uses the Korean learner and the native speaker of the Korean language. This discussion is a new observation and application of Korean learning motivation. It is a consideration of the mediating characteristics of Korean language, and it is worth contributing to the activation of Korean language education as a new function and meaning of Korean language. (Hannam university)

테크노사이언스의 젠더 감수성 -포스트휴먼 SF의 여성성 재현과 젠더 역학-

곽은희 ( Kwak Eun-hee ) 성균관대학교 인문학연구원(성균관대학교 인문과학연구소) 2021 人文科學 Vol.- No.80

이 글의 목적은 ‘테크노사이언스(technoscience)의 젠더 감수성’을 핵심 화두로 삼고 감정을 갖춘 인공지능부터 유전공학을 기반으로 한 복제인간에 이르기까지 “기술생명권력(technobiopower)은 인류의 삶에 어떠한 영향을 끼칠 것인가” 하는 문제를 포스트휴먼 SF의 여성성 재현과 젠더 역학 분석을 통해 전망하는 것이다. 논의를 위하여 SF 장르와 포스트휴머니즘의 인식론적 공유 지점을 논의의 기반으로 삼고, 비판적 포스트휴머니즘·테크노사이언스·테크노페미니즘을 결합하였다. 영화 < 그녀(her) >, < 조(zoe) >에서 감성 기반 인공지능은 여성성으로 재현되는 가운데 친밀성의 미래를 보여준다. 영화 < 그녀(her) >는 테오도르와 사만다의 사랑을 파국으로 마무리함으로써 젠더 규범을 해체하고, 인공지능 운영체제 사만다를 다양성과 차이를 긍정하는 페미니즘적 주체로 재창조한다. 이에 비해 영화 < 조(zoe) >는 인공지능 로봇을 인간에게 친밀한 존재이자 생의 동반자로 만듦으로써 삶의 질을 향상하고자 하는 인간의 염원을 그리고 있지만, 인간과 비인간의 수평적인 관계를 지향하지 않는다는 점에서 한계를 지닌다. 영화 < 가타카(gattaca) >, < 네버렛미고(never let me go) >에서는 유전공학적 생명기술의 여성성 전유를 의심스럽게 바라보며 생명의 미래를 전망한다. <가타카>에서 여성성이 동일자의 반사적(specular) 논리를 재생산하는 모성으로 재현되었다면, <네버렛미고>에서 여성성은 근대 휴머니즘의 기술생명권력을 실현하는 주체로 재현된다. 이때 포스트휴먼 여성성은 서발턴의 서발턴으로서 기술생명권력의 폭력에 균열을 일으킨다. 우리는 그 균열의 틈새를 통해 인간 복제가 일상화된 미래의 되돌릴 수 없는 사태를 미리 들여다보고, 지금 여기 이곳에서 진행되고 있는 진보의 방향과 속도를 낯설게 바라볼 수 있다. The purpose of this article is to examine ‘gender sensibility in technoscience’ as a core theme, and to predict the question of “how will technobiopower ― from artificial intelligence with emotions to cloned humans based on genetic engineering ― affect human’s lives?” through the representation of femininity and gender dynamics in posthuman science fiction. For this discussion, I took the epistemologically shared point of a science fiction genre and posthumanism as the basis of discussion, and chose a method of combining critical posthumanism, technoscience, and technofeminism. In the films Her and Zoe, emotion-based artificial intelligence shows the future of intimacy while being represented with femininity. The film Her dismantles gender norms by driving the love of Theodor and Samantha into catastrophe, and recreates Samantha, an artificial intelligence operating system, as a feminist subject that affirms diversity and difference. In contrast, Zoe shows human aspirations to improve the quality of life by making artificial intelligence robots an intimate existence and life’s companion to humans, but has limitations in that this film does not aim for a horizontal relationship between humans and non-humans. The films Gattaca a n d Never Let Me Go predict the future of human life by looking suspiciously the aspect that the genetic biopower appropriates femininity. In Gattaca, femininity is represented as a motherhood reproduce the specular logic of the identity, whereas in Never Let Me Go, femininity is represented as a subject realizing the technobiopower of modern humanism. In this case, posthuman femininity causes a crack in the violence of the technobiopower, as a subaltern to the subaltern. Through the cracks, we can look into the irreversible situation in the future where human cloning has become a commonplace, and look at the direction and speed of progress that is currently being made here and now.

현재의 존재론: 유토피아라는 욕망과 페미니즘 SF의 현재성

곽은희(Kwak, Eun-Hee) 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2023 아시아여성연구 Vol.62 No.3

이 글은 박문영의 장편 SF 『지상의 여자들』을 ‘현재의 존재론’이라는 관점에서 분석하고, 유토피아라는 욕망과 페미니즘 SF가 만나는 지점을 살펴본다. “폭력적인 남자들이 외계의 빛무리에 의해 사라진다”는 노붐(novum)은 지구상에 존재하지 않는 외계적 특성에 의존하여 사회적 모순을 해결하는 SF의 모습을 드러내는 동시에 젠더 감수성에 대한 민감성을 보여준다는 점에서 이 소설이 페미니즘 유토피아를 지향하는 데 중요한 위치를 차지한다. 노붐(novum)과 실재 세계를 오가는 진자 운동은 지금까지 삶을 지배해왔던 관성으로부터 깨어나 여성들이 처해 있는 폭력과 억압의 현실을 민감하게 인식하게 하고, 다른 삶의 가능성을 총체적으로 사유하도록 한다. 특히 『지상의 여자들』은 약자성을 긍정하는 가운데 타인의 고통에 대한 공감을 회복함으로써 우리시대가 겪고 있는 상상력의 실패를 페미니즘의 방식으로 극복하고자 한다. 페미니즘 유토피아를 실현하는 과정에서 드러나는 페미니즘 내부의 차이와 갈등, 불화와 긴장들은 페미니즘이 기반하고 있는 여성의 약자성이 자매애라는 공통 감성을 형성하는 원천임을 인정하면서도 그것이 페미니스트 분리주의로 고착되지 않도록 하기 위한 이질적인 쟁투 과정이다. This article analyzes Park Moon-young’s SF novel, Women on Earth, from the perspective of ‘ontology of the present’ and examines the point where the desire for utopia and feminist SF meet. The novum, in which “violent men disappear by an alien light,” reveals the aspect of science fiction that resolves social contradictions by relying on extraterrestrial characteristics that do not exist on the Earth, while at the same time showing sensitivity to gengersensitivity. In this respect, this novel occupies an important position in pursuing a feminist utopia. This pendulum movement between the novum and the real world awakens women from the inertia that has dominated their lives to date, sensitizes them to the reality of violence and oppression they encounter, and allows them to think holistically about the possibility of a different life. Women on Earth seeks to overcome the failure of imagination that our era is experiencing through feminism by restoring sympathy for the pain of others while affirming the weak. The differences, conflicts, discords, and tensions within feminism that are revealed in the process of realizing feminist utopia are recognized as the source of the common sensibility of sisterhood through the weakness of women on which feminism is based, and are also a heterogeneous struggle to prevent women from becoming entrenched in feminist separatism.

언어-놀이 문화로서 수수께끼 의미연구

곽은희 ( Eun Hee Kwak ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2013 언어사실과 관점 Vol.31 No.-

This study examines various forms of “play” according to the understanding that culture is a form of it. Specifically, it applies the theories of the Homo Ludens and parody in examining language play as a popular form of play in the contemporary era. With a basis in the inheritance of tradition, language play possesses significance in terms of its achieving cultural continuity through the use of riddles, a popular form of play in the past. The computerization of text has had a significant role in allowing oral literature and culture to reemerge suddenly in the form of parodic riddles rather than dying away completely. Elements of the riddle include a listener and speaker, question and answer, and various hindrances. The focus of the discussion is on analyzing the structure(s) within the text and identifying historical meaning and popular resonance. The study finds that the contemporary emergence of parodic riddles is an expression of commonality through laughter in response to skepticism about past truths amid an environment of spiritual turbulence and to the difficulties of working class life. It also identifies the research value of riddle texts in their representing an interplay between the Korean language`s capacity for coinage and the inheritance of oral culture by the public`s subjective consciousness.

한국 수어·점자의 형성과 기능 연구 - 시청각 결핍 조건에서의 언어 형성을 중심으로 -

곽은희 ( Kwak Eunhee ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2018 언어사실과 관점 Vol.44 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Korean Sign Language (KSL) and Korean Braille are formed and function as complete languages under conditions of hearing loss and visual impairment. KSL and Korean Braille are efficient and rational language systems formed to make use of other sensory organs under conditions of auditory or visual impairment. KSL and Korean Braille are creative languages respectively employing visual and tactile systems, providing complete new language systems under limited conditions. At the same time, they are popularly identified with the socioeconomically disadvantaged status of hearing or visually impaired people. Accordingly, this study examined the formation and function of KSL and Korean Braille characters, revealing their linguistic value. KSL was found to possess roots in Korean culture, while Korean Braille is characterized by simple principles of base point and left/right and up/down symmetry based in the Hangeul writing system. Comparison of KSL with spoken Korean, Hangeul, and Korean Braille showed KSL and Korean Braille to exhibit superior language functions while using simple principles.

낭만적 사랑과 프로파간다

곽은희(Kwak Eun-Hee) 대구대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 人文科學硏究 Vol.36 No.-

외국어로서 속담의 언어 기능과 활용 방안

곽은희 ( Eunhee Kwak ) 시학과 언어학회 2016 시학과 언어학 Vol.32 No.-

본 연구는 속담의 언어로서의 활용 기능에 주목하여 ‘외국어로서 속담의 언어 기능과 활용 방안’을 다루었다. 속담은 사용 빈도가 높지 않지만, 특성에 따른 언어의 기능을 세밀히 고찰하는 것은 언어 기능의 총체성을 유지하는 데 필요한 것이다. 속담의 언어 기능과 활용 방안의 고찰은 현대에 속담이 상징적 의미로서 언어로 존재하는 시각을 새롭게 하여 실생활에 활용하며, 현대에 사용하는 어휘로 새로운 속담을 형성하고 사용 가능하도록 한다. 속담의 폐쇄된 구조를 수용하고 활용하여, 개방적인 어휘와 새말 형성의 기능을 하게 한다. 이전 속담 구조에 현대적 어휘를 교체한 22개의 자료를 비교하고 분석한 결과, 속담의 언어 기능이 확장되고, 속담을 이미 알고 있는 고급 학습자를 대상으로 새로운 어휘 활용과, 교사의 사전 지식을 보완하는 활용도 기대할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine proverb language functions as foreign language and suggest possible applications for proverbs as an efficient means of acquisition in Korean language use. The emphasis in this study was placed on active expression functions for foreign language learners. In particular, the language function value of proverbs is located in their being orally transmitted, which places them in the category of “speaking acquisition.” Past studies have primarily examined possible uses of proverbs in Korean language education from a cultural standpoint, while research on their language functions have fallen short in terms of real-world applicability. The main reasons for this are twofold. First, the proverbs that have been passed down through tradition typically were shaped by the everyday vocabulary of the past. Second, their meaning has frequently functioned as a symbol of traditional values, rather than in the realistic sense that is the basic function of the proverb. Because education in proverbs has generally been restricted to traditional examples, research is needed to shed new light on the language functions of proverbs as foreign language used in real-life situations. For this study, possible methods were examined for using proverbs in Korean language education by connecting them to the modern context, relating them to the acquisition of real-world vocabulary, and juxtaposing them with modern examples of the proverb. Because the vocabulary of the modern proverb is situated against the backdrop of modern culture, it offers a possible way to resolve the twofold issue presented by the symbolic meaning of past vocabulary and values. The research method involved juxtaposing traditional and modern proverbs to compare the content as it was transformed and produced. Proverbs were classified into three categories by language function, each of which was examined in terms of its subcategories. The language functions of proverbs were also examined in terms of the pathways of proverb formation by which foreign learners come to recognize the patterns and vocabulary of new proverbs formed in the modern context. Chapter 2 examines the language function characteristics of proverbs as foreign language, classifying them into categories of “open” and “coinage” functions. Chapter 3 suggests specific means by which proverbs may be incorporated into foreign language education.

근피로 후 경락 마사지가 피로물질, 근 손상 효소, 스트레스호르몬, 산화스트레스에 미치는 영향

곽은희 ( Eun Hee Kwak ),강상모 ( Sang Mo Kang ) 한국미용학회 2008 한국미용학회지 Vol.14 No.4

The present research is based on females who are working repetitive or continuous movements or in the same position for a long period of time. For this research, as the first experiment, 20 of the muscle fatigue participants(Muscle Fatigue; MF, n=20) and 20 of the non-muscular fatigue participants(Muscle Fatigue; MF, n=20) were selected and then their blood biochemistry index were compared. Then they were divided into two groups; natural rest (10 participants) and meridian massage (10 participants). For the natural rest group, after they work they simply took rest and for the meridian massage group, after their work, they were applied meridian massage in one week intervals with the same process, total of two times with the repeated measure design and their blood was collected before the experiment, one hour after the experiment and then two days after the experiment. Comparing the blood biochemical index between the muscle fatigue group and the non-muscular fatigue group, the muscle fatigue group was high in blood ammonia, AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), CK (Creatinine Kinase), Epinephrine, MDA (Malondiadehyde), but MDA (Malondiadehyde) was significantly low. After the muscle fatigue, comparing the meridian massage group to the natural rest group, their AST, CK was significantly lowered after one hour and after two days, the lactic acid was significantly lowered, which showed that the meridian message was effective in removing blood fatigue substance and muscle damage substances. Also, after the muscle fatigue, one hour after the meridian massage, blood epinephrine concentration and after two days, norepinephrine concentration have been lowered significantly, which were effective in lowering the stress hormone. After the muscle fatigue, one hour and two days after the meridian massage, the blood MDA was significantly lowered which regarded the removal of the oxidative stress. Due to the results of the research, muscle fatigue group had higher concentration of blood muscle fatigue substance, muscle damage substance; oxidative stress compare to the group with no muscle fatigue and the application of meridian massage was limited but effective on the removal of these substances so to relieve the muscle fatigue and to prevent musculoskeletal system disorder, it is recommended to apply meridian massage within one hour.