통상법,제도 : 항공화물운송인의 책임부담위험에 관한 연구

곽봉환 ( Bong Hwan Kwak ),함영진 ( Young Jin Ham ),강동윤 ( Dong Yoon Kang ) 한국통상정보학회 2010 통상정보연구 Vol.12 No.2

항공물류기업의 지속경영을 위한 리스크 관리 연구

곽봉환(Bong-Hwan Kwak),강동윤(Dong-Yoon Kang) 한국무역연구원 2010 무역연구 Vol.6 No.2

In the recent rapidly changing international aviation transport world, the biggest change in the aviation liability regime will be the advent of Montreal Convention 1999. The Montreal Convention, formally the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage, is a treaty adopted by Diplomatic meeting of ICAO member states in 1999. It amended important provisions of the Warsaw Convention's concerning compensation for the victims of air disasters. In the future, prospect is that the aviation risks will insurance and their control will become more complicated and more troublesome. Accordingly, the air cargo carrier must build up the systerms of risk control and risk finance to solving liability of reparation. The purpose of this study is to analyze responsibility of air cargo carrier points out some problems administering aviation risk, and suggests some ideas solving these problems.

PB 시장에서의 보험사 경쟁력 강화방안 연구

곽봉환 ( Bong Hwan Kwak ),함영진 ( Young Jin Ham ) 한국통상정보학회 2007 통상정보연구 Vol.9 No.2

해운경영에 따른 기업위험과 리스크관리 - 해운특유의 시장메카니즘을 중심으로 -

곽봉환 ( Bong Hwan Kwak ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 1995 해운물류연구 Vol.21 No.-

한식산업의 무역보험 적용방안

곽봉환(Bong Hwan Kwak),함영진(Young Jin Ham),강동윤(Dong Yoon Kang) 한국무역연구원 2015 무역연구 Vol.11 No.2

In the past, the process of introducing a new food was done slowly over indigenization as Korean food, but nowadays with progress of globalization and information age, food culture is meeting rapid changes over various fields. Celebrating the era of globalization, lots of movements are taking place to find the Korean culture and consciousness in many areas. To make Korean food popular in overseas expansion as part of the Hallyu, systematic basic studies and the presentation of future directions to enhance the risk finance(trade insurance) is needed on the governmental level.

선박미수리손해와 보험자의 보상책임문제

곽봉환(Bong Hwan Kwak) 한국해법학회 1992 韓國海法學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

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중국물류정책변화에 따른 국내물류기업의 공급사슬 위험관리 연구

곽봉환(Bong-Hwan Kwak),강동윤(Dong-Yoon Kang),함영진(Young-Jin Ham) 한국무역연구원 2014 무역연구 Vol.10 No.2

This study considers the supply chain risks management of Korean Logistics companies according to the changes of Chinese logistics policy. In 2011, China devised the People s Republic of China s 12th 5-Year Plan for National Economy and Social Development with its nuclear goal to achieve efficiency and integration in its logistics hardware as well as advancement in its logistics software. And to maintain its stable economic growth, they are expected to develop new urbanization mainly according to the Central Economic Work Conference in December, 2012. The purpose of this study is to suggest methods that allow companies to manage their risk effectively among the risks of their supply chains according to the uncertainty and changes of risks in the Chinese logistics policy. Supply chain risk management means that supply chain partners manage their risks through adjustment and cooperation in order to secure profitability as well as sustainability. To attain the goal, the study has examined how Chinese logistics policy has changed and considered risk factor and then suggested how to utilize the overseas joint logistics center being operated by The Third Sector as a way for risk control and also how to use and improve the general service insurance of the Korea Trade Insurance Corporation as a means of risk finance.

Effects of Rotterdam Rules’ Abolition of Exemption from Navigational Faults on Marine Insurance

Bong-hwan Kwak(곽봉환),Young-jin Ham(함영진),Dong-yoon Kang(강동윤) 한국국제상학회 2018 國際商學 Vol.33 No.1

Purpose : This study is to analyze how Rotterdam Rules’ abolition of exemption from navigational faults will influence marine insurance afterwards. Research design, data, methodology : The research method was focused on literature study. Results : First, cargo insurance can ask for subrogation from those concerned in marine transportation. And about general average, strict restrictions are being imposed through the abolition of exemption from navigational faults, so the ground for defense will be lessened significantly in those concerned in marine transportation. Second, regarding liability insurance, more complaints about those concerned in marine transportation will increase their liability insurance subscriber, that is, P&I Club’s payment of the premium. Conclusions : Marine transportation have to apply for liability insurance and shippers still need to take out cargo insurance; therefore, they still have the necessity for dual-structured insurance application that has been regarded problematic all the time from a long time ago. 본 연구는 로테르담 규칙의 항해과실면책 폐지가 향후 해상보험에 미치는 영향을 분석한 것이다. 로테르담 규칙의 항해과실면책 폐지가 화주에게 가져다주는 가장 커다란 이익은 헤이그 비스비 규칙상 해상운송인에게 구상할 수 없었던 항해과실에 의한 화물의 손해에 대해서도 화주는 해상운송인에 대하여 구상할 수 있다는 것이다. 항해과실면책 폐지가 해상보험에 미칠 영향은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 적하보험에서는 항해과실에 관해 해상운송인에게 대위구상이 가능해졌다는 것이다. 또한 공동해손의 경우 항해과실면책 폐지에 엄격한 제한을 가하고 있어 해상운송인의 항변사유가 매우 감소될 것으로 사료된다. 둘째, 책임보험과 관련해서는 해상운송인에 대한 클레임의 증대는 해상운송인의 책임보험자, 즉 P&I club의 책임보험금 지불을 증대시킬 것이다. 그러므로 해상운송인의 책임보험 부보필요 및 면책카탈로그의 존재로 인해 화주의 적하보험 부보필요성은 여전히 존재하기 때문에 과거부터 항상 문제시 되어 왔던 이중구조보험은 여전히 필요하게 된다.

A Study on Application of Risk Management for Online Retailers - Focusing on sales promotion cost risk

함영진(Young-jin Ham),곽봉환(Bong-hwan Kwak) 한국국제상학회 2019 國際商學 Vol.34 No.4

전세계 무역거래에서 온라인 B2C 직접수출이 매년 85~90%씩 증가하고 있다. 국내 수출제조기업도 온라인 B2C 직접수출의 플랫폼을 확장하여 미래가치를 확보할 필요성이 있다. 플랫폼의 직접개발과 국내외 온라인소매유통업체를 통한 위탁판매협력이 대안일 수 있으나 단기적으로는 국내 온라인소매유통업체와의 협력이 유일한 방법론이다. 그러나 국내 온라인 소매유통업체들의 경쟁심화로 인하여 매출 대비 수익성은 정체된 상황이다. 온라인소매유통업체가 국내수출제조기업과의 해외진출 협력자로서 진행되기 위해서는 수익성정체의 위태요인을 먼저 관리해야 할 필요성이 있다. 온라인소매유통업체의 수익성정체의 주요요인 중 비용지출관점에서 판매촉진비용의 증가가 주요 원인이었다. 이러한 판매촉진비용 손실위험에 대한 위험관리수단으로서 비용위험의 강도를 전가 및 최소화 시킬 수 있는 컨틴전시보험의 유효성을 분석해 보았다. 결과적으로 판매촉진비용 손실위험에 대해 컨틴전시보험을 적용시 이론적으로는 비용 위험관리가 된다고 파악 되었으나, 여러 개선조건이 전제되어야 한다는 것 또한 파악 되었다. Purpose : Online B2C direct exports are increasing. The purpose of this study is to present financial risk management measures for online retailers, which are online B2C direct export consignment sellers of domestic exporters. Research design, data, methodology : Based on literature research and current status data, this study was analyzed. Results : The main reason behind the stagnant profitability of online retailers is the increase in sales promotion costs. Online retailers seeking to conduct sales promotion activities will find a device that can pass on the risk of cost loss. And there is a need to Contingency Insurance as a way of transferring risk. In the insurance market, the definition of the purpose of risk management by only insurance products can be regarded as minimizing the cost of loss due to the transfer of risk. Conclusions : It was found that applying Contingency Insurance to the risk of loss of sales promotion costs is cost risk management. However, improvements are needed to use Contingency Insurance.

관세행정상 품목분류(HS)제도의 위험요인에 관한 실증적 연구

김창길(Chang-kil Kim),곽봉환(Kwak-Bong Hwan) 한국관세학회 2006 관세학회지 Vol.7 No.3

HS is a logical and legal system that categorizes commodities into different codes according to the International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System. The system is used as a global standard and a common language in international trade by over 190 countries throughout the world with the object of standardizing tariffs, the certificate of origin, trade statistics, and transportation. Therefore, without complete understanding of HS, we may not be able to deal with commercial disputes effectively in the age of unlimited competition, despite it is quite complex and difficult to comprehend knowledge of social sciences and natural sciences that is necessary for commodity classification. Thus, in order to examine the effects of relevant factors on HS and risk management, we conducted a questionnaire survey and a technical statistics analysis, based upon which an empirical analysis was carried out on the performance of the system throughout the process of Planning, Doing, and Seeing, and examined the relation between identified key factors and the performance of the system. According to the results of the empirical analysis of the formation, operation, assessment, and performance of the system, system formation appeared to have a positive effect on system operation, system operation on system assessment, and system assessment on system performance. The present study summarized the results of the empirical analysis on the formation of HS, its operation, the assessment of its results, and satisfaction with its performance, derived risk factors in each stage, suggested how to use the results of this research, and presented the implications of the analysis results for those in relevant academic and administrative areas.