80년대와 90년대는 어떻게 다른가 1 진정한 ' 역사청산 ' 을 위한 원로목사 박형규의 문제제기 - 저들의 낭패위간 (狼狽爲奸)을 넘어서기 위하여

박형규 사회평론 1996 사회평론 길 Vol.96 No.7

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망간단괴 용융환원 폐슬래그의 재활용 방안

박형규,남철우,김성돈,Park, Hyungkyu,Nam, Chulwoo,Kim, Sungdon 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2014 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.23 No.4

심해저 망간단괴를 용융환원 제련시 발생된 슬래그에 규사와 cokes를 일정량 배합하여 아크로에서 재용융하여 Fe-Si-Mn 합금철을 제조하는 과정에서 발생하는 2차 슬래그는 아직 특정 용도가 개발되지 않은 폐슬래그로 취급되는데, 이 폐슬래그의 재활용 방안에 대하여 요업 원료로의 활용가능성과 건설재료로의 활용가능성을 검토하였다. 망간단괴 폐슬래그를 포틀랜드시멘트, 캐스타블내화물과 같은 요업원료로 사용하는 것은 조성 차이가 많아서 직접적인 활용이 곤란하고, 다른 활용방법으로서 폐슬래그를 도로 노반재나 성토재 및 복토재 등과 같은 건설재료로 활용하는 것이 무난하다고 판단된다. 도로 건설재료로 사용시 혹시 있을지도 모를 토양 오염에 대비하여 유해물질들에 대한 용출시험을 KS 기준에 따라 수행한 결과 폐슬래그의 무해성을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 망간단괴 폐슬래그를 도로 성토재나 노반재와 같은 건설재료로 활용하는 방안을 제안코자 한다. Slags generated in the smelting reduction of deep sea manganese nodule could be utilized as an additional materials for making Fe-Si-Mn alloys by mixing with cokes and re-smelting at an arc furnace. In this re-melting process slag is also generated, and the secondary slag is treated as waste. In this survey, recycling of the waste slag of Mn nodule was studied. It is tried to utilize the waste slag as ceramic materials or construction materials. However, it is difficult to use the waste slag directly as an additional material to ceramics such as portland cement or castable refractory material due to the much difference of chemical compositions. As an altercation road constructing material is considered, and toxicity on the soil of the waste slag was tested according to Korean Standard for testing permissible amount of toxic substances. The test result was satisfied with the requirements on the standard. So, it should be suggested that the waste slag of the Mn nodule could be utilized as constructing materials such as road filler or base materials.

Mixed Carcinoma as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Submucosal Invasive Gastric Carcinoma

박형규,이경영,유문원,황태숙,한혜승 대한의학회 2016 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.31 No.6

Mixed carcinoma shows a mixture of glandular and signet ring/poorly cohesive cellular histological components and the prognostic significance of each component is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the significance of the poorly cohesive cellular histological component as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis and to examine the diagnostic reliability of endoscopic biopsy. Clinicopathologic characteristics of 202 patients who underwent submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma resection with lymph node dissection in 2005-2012 were reviewed. Mixed carcinoma accounted for 27.2% (56/202) of cases. The overall prevalence of lymph node metastasis was 17.3% (35/202). Lymphatic invasion (P < 0.001), family history of carcinoma (P = 0.025), tumor size (P = 0.004), Lauren classification (P = 0.042), and presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component (P = 0.021) positively correlated with the lymph node metastasis rate on univariate analysis. Multivariate analyses revealed lymphatic invasion, family history of any carcinoma, and the presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component to be significant and independent factors related to lymph node metastasis. Review of preoperative biopsy slides showed that preoperative biopsy demonstrated a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 100% in detecting the presence of the poorly cohesive cellular histological component, compared with gastrectomy specimens. The presence of any poorly cohesive cellular histological component was an independent risk factor associated with lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma. Endoscopic biopsy had limited value in predicting the presence and proportion of the poorly cohesive cellular histologic component due to the heterogeneity of mixed carcinoma.

Adiponectin과 비만, 제2형 당뇨병 및 관상동맥질환과의 관계

박형규,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Background : Adiponectin is a novel adipose tissue-specific protein that has been shown to modulate insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis. In addition, adiponectin has been found to inhibit inflammatory process and possibly atherogenesis. In this study, we tried to investigate the relationship of adiponectin to obesity, type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and methods : We measured fasting serum insulin and adiponectin concentrations in 55 diabetic patients and 25 nondiabetic subjects. Subjects who had stenosis at least 1 major coronary artery, or who had developed myocardial infarction, or had previously undergone percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft were classified as CAD patients. 23 diabetic patients and 8 nondiabetic subjects had CAD. Results : Fasting adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in men than in women (5.1±0.8 vs. 7.8±1.1 ng/mL, p<0.05). In men, serum adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI, r=-0.36, p<0.05) and log-insulin (r=-0.32, p<0.05). With multivariate regression analysis, adiponectin was significantly related to BMI (p<0.05). However, no correlations were found in women. Fasting adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in CAD patients than in control subjects (2.8±0.4 vs. 7.2±1.5 ng/mL, p<0.05). Serum adiponectin levels between diabetic and nondiabetic control subjects, and between diabetic patients with CAD and those without CAD did not differ. Conclusion : Low adiponectin levels were closely related to obesity and CAD. These findings suggest that hypoadiponectinemia may contribute to accelerated atherogenesis associated with obesity.

마그네슘의 용융염전해시(熔融鹽電解時) 두 가지 염욕조성(鹽浴組成)의 비교실험

박형규,박진태,최영윤,Park, Hyung-Kyu,Park, Jin-Tae,Choi, Young-Yoon 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2006 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.15 No.2

Magnesium has been used as light and functional material, and its demand is increasing as a material for automobile engine and for mobile phone or notebook PC case. Fused salt electrolysis and thermal reduction are regarded as main methods for the extraction of magnesium, and choice for the method is firstly according to raw material. In this study, magnesium metal is obtained by an electrolysis of magnesium chloride. Two types of fused salt mixtures were used as electrolyte and electrolyzed at 7V with a graphite anode having the same depth, and their results were compared with each other. A mixed salt of $KCl/NaCl/MgCl_2$ was the more effective than $KCl/NaCl/CaCl_2/CaF_2/MgCl_2$ in current efficiency through the experiments at $760^{\circ}C$. Purity of the prepared magnesium metal was above 98%. Some basic data for scale-up of the magnesium electrolysis equipment, which would be necessary for a commercialization, could be obtained. 마그네슘은 자동차 엔진 경량화재료 및 휴대폰과 노트북 PC케이스 등 기능성 경량재료로서의 용도개발과 함께 수요가 증가하고 있다. 마그네슘 제련법은 원료광의 특성에 따라 달라지는데 크게 용융염전해법과 열환원법 두가지로 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 염화마그네슘을 사용하여 용융염전해법에 의해 전해 마그네슘을 얻고자 하였다. 흑연양극의 침지깊이를 일정하게 하고 전해전압 7V로 두가지 조성의 염욕을 비교 실험하였다. $760^{\circ}C$에서 전해 실험한 결과 $KCl/NaCl/MgCl_2$ 혼합염욕이 $KCl/NaCl/CaCl_2/CaF_2/MgCl_2$ 혼합염욕보다 전류효율 면에서 더 효과적이었다. 회수된 전해 마그네슘의 순도는 98% 이상이었다. 본 연구를 통하여 용융염 전해장치를 Scale-up 하거나 상용화시 장치설계 등에 필요한 기초자료들을 축적할 수 있었다.

원전 케이블의 재질분석을 위한 방법론

박형규,정선철 한국에너지학회 2019 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2019 No.5

Electro Hydrostatic Actuator System Based on Active Stabilizer System for Vehicular Suspension Systems

박형규,정근희,박명관,이석희,안경관 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.7

The suspension systems of vehicles are being actively researched to improve steering stability and ride comfort of vehicles. Among these, the active stabilizer system exhibits improved steering stability and ride comfort during the turning of a vehicle by controlling the vehicle body roll through actuators mounted on the front and rear stabilizer bars. This paper proposes an active stabilizer system of the electrohydraulic drive type, which addresses the disadvantages of the conventional hydraulic drive type whose active stabilizer system has poor ride comfort and causes excessive energy loss due to the system structure. In this study, the electrohydraulic actuator system model is designed, and the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle are analyzed with a simple proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for controlling the roll angle of the vehicle through the active stabilizer depending on the application of the designed system. The designed hydraulic model and system are evaluated based on the dynamic characteristics of a vehicle fitted with the active stabilizer of the electrohydraulic drive type and analyzed using the interface-analysis method between MATLAB/Simulink and CarSim. Furthermore, the results of the simulation are compared with those from the bench test to evaluate the performance.

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 혈청 그렐린(Ghrelin) 농도와 비만도 및 관상동맥질환과의 관계

박형규,서교일 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

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희토류금속(稀土類金屬) 제련기술(製鍊技術) 개요

박형규,이진영,조성욱,김준수,Park, Hyung-Kyu,Lee, Jin-Young,Cho, Sung-Wook,Kim, Joon-Soo 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2012 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.21 No.3

희토류 금속의 제련은 광석에서부터 파분쇄, 선별과정을 거쳐 정광을 만들고, 정광 중의 희토류 성분을 추출하고 성분별로 분리하는 분리정제공정을 거쳐 희토류산화물이나 염화물과 같은 희토류화합물을 제조한 다음 희토류화합물에서 금속을 추출해내는 환원과정을 거친다. 본 고에서는 대표적 희토류 광물로서 불탄산염계광물인 바스트나사이트(bastnasite, ((RE)($CO_3$)F)와 인산염계 광물인 모나자이트(monazite,(RE)($PO_4SiO_4$))의 분해 침출과 분리정제 방법에 대해서 간략히 기술하고, 분리공정의 산물인 희토류화합물에서부터 범용 희토류금속 제조법으로 사용되고 있는 금속열환원법과 용융염전해법에 대하여 개략적인 내용을 소개하였다. Rare earth metals have been made from rare earth compounds which were prepared from rare earth ore concentrates through successive processes such as leaching(i.e. extraction of rare earth elements to liquid media), separation, purification, precipitation. Here, process for treating monazite and bastnasite ore concentrates were briefly reviewed, and metallothermic reduction and fused salt electrolysis methods were introduced as the extraction technologies for rare earth metals.

학교자치와 학교회계

박형규 全州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 2001 初等敎育硏究 Vol.12 No.-

The local system in education(1991), the school governing body system and the accounting system in school have been making an epoch-making stimuli and changes in the school management. The local autonomy system in education consists of the democratizing and professionalizing. The former has two principles: independency(it entails the accountability) and professional management(it entails the efficacy) and the latter has also two principles: decentralizing(it goes with decentralizing duties and powers) and residents autonomy (it goes with the residentas' controlling as well as their controlling) realizing the local autonomy system in education. The practical mechanism of the local autonomy system has been operating in the broad area units(since 1991)(Seoul, broad area and each provinces) and in the school units(since 1996), but not in the basic area units(each city and county units) just as in England. The school accounting system(started in the year of 2001) has accelerated the autonomy system in each school unit, it other words, the school autonomy system in the real, substantial meaning. The two ideologies and four principles of the local autonomy system also goes with the mechanism in each school autonomy. The structure of each school autonomy comprises the principal of each school unit(it entails the school-based management) and the school constituents(the school governing bodies: their activities greatly influence on the school autonomy system through the representatives of the school constituents participating in and controlling all the school affairs). The above mentioned two ideologies(democratizing and professionalizing) originates from the ideologies(democratizing and making independency) in each school of the school autonomy. And also above mentioned four principles(decentralizilg, residents autonomy and independency, professional management) should be or can only be concreted through four principles(①dispersing of each principals powers, ②democratizing the school management(through the school governing bodies decision making and ③automatizing the school management(it entails the accountability), ④professionalizing the school management(it entails efficacy). The four essential factors of the school accounting system in each school; management on the basis of the clarity of the school accounting goes together with those of the school autonomy system on the basis of autonomy leading to the local autonomy system in education. The four essential in the school management are as follows: 1. Decentralizing(powers concerned in the residents' autonomy as well as in the institutional autonomy) 2. Residents controlling(all the school affairs respecting their decision making as well as their situation) 3. Accountability checking(the managing process of each school including the school accounting) 4. Improving efficacy(through up-gracing the professional level of the school constituents)