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In vitro model system을 활용한 마늘 추출물의 치매예방 특성
최귀남 ( Gwi Nam Choi ),김지혜 ( Ji Hye Kim ),곽지현 ( Ji Hyun Kwak ),정창호 ( Chang Ho Jeong ),정희록 ( Hee Rok Jeong ),신정혜 ( Jung Hye Shin ),강민정 ( Min Jung Kang ),성낙주 ( Nak Ju Sung ),허호진 ( Ho Jin Heo ) 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 경상대학교 농업자원이용연구소) 2010 농업생명과학연구 Vol.44 No.4
본 연구에서는 대표적인 퇴행성 신경질환인 알츠하이머성 치매에 대한 마늘 물, 100% 메탄올, 디클로로메탄 추출물들의 acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 저해 및 신경세포 보호효과를 조사하였다. 마늘 디클로로메탄 추출물은 농도 의존적으로 AChE를 저해하는 것으로 나타났으며, IC50은 36.1μg/mL로 나타났다. MTT reduction assay를 이용해 amyloid β protein (Aβ) 유도성 신경세포 독성에 대한 신경세포 보호효과를 측정한 결과, 세 가지 마늘 추출물들은 대부분 40% 미만의 세포생존율을 보였고 이 결과는 Aβ 유도성 신경세포 독성보다 상대적으로 더 높은 세포독성을 보여주었다. LDH assay에서는 마늘 물 추출물이 37%의 LDH 방출량을 나타내 200 μM의 vitamin C과 유사한 세포막손상 보호효과를 보였다. 마지막으로 neutral red uptake assay를 실시한 결과, MTT reduction assay와 마찬가지로 모든 마늘 추출물들에서 세포생존율의 감소를 확인하였으며 특히 디클로로메탄 추출물의 경우 현저하게 낮은 세포생존율을 나타내었다. AChE 저해활성을 갖는 마늘 디클로로메탄 추출물로부터 얻은 column fractionations에 함유된 생리활성물질을 탐색하기 위해 HPLC 분석을 실시하였으며, 마늘 98:2 fraction의 LC-MS 분석을 통하여 allyl methyl disulfide, diallyl monosulfide, diallyl disulfide로 추정되는 물질군이 확인되었다. In this study, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and neuronal cell protective effects of water, 100% methanol and dichlromethane extracts from garlic were investigated. We found that dichloromethane extract of garlic resulted in a dose-dependent manner on AChE inhibition (IC50: 36.1μg/mL). In cell viability assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), cell viabilities of water, 100% methanol and dichlromethane extracts were lower (almost under 40%) than amyloid β protein (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity. Because Aβ is also known toincrease neuronal cell membrane breakdown, neuronal apoptosis was further confirmed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay. Water extract presented relative protection against Aβ-induced membrane damage in LDH assay. However all garlic extracts showed significant problem with decrease of cell viability in NRU assay, especially at dichloromethan extract. To determine active compounds in column fractions (98:2 fraction) from dichloromethane extract which showed significant AChE inhibitory effect, we performed HPLC and LC-MS analysis. It was supposed that garlic may contain allyl methyl disulfide, diallyl monosulfide, and diallyl disulfide as active compounds.
환원시약인 테트라카르보닐철산염(O)을 이용한 유기아지드화물의 아미노화 (제1보)
심상철,최귀남,Sang Chul Shim,Kui Nam Choi 대한화학회 1985 대한화학회지 Vol.29 No.4
유기아지드화물은 일산화탄소대기압하, 실온에서 높은 선택적 환원시약인 테트라카르 보닐철산염의 존재하에서 높은 수득율의 아민으로 환원되었다. 특히 벤조일아지드는 동일시약내 일산화탄소 대기압 실온에서는 에틸페닐카바메이트를 주나, -40$^{\circ}$에서는 정량적으로 벤즈아미드가 얻어졌다. Organic azides were reduced to organic amines in the presence of tetracarbonylhydridoferrate(O) as a highly selective reducing agent at room temperature under carbon monoxide atmosphere. Particularly, benzoylazide gave ethylphenylcarbamate at room temperature but gave benzamide quantitatively at -40$^{\circ}$ in the presence of tetracarbonylhydridoferrate under carbon monoxide atmosphere.
환원시약인 테트라카르보닐철산염(O)을 이용한 유기아지드화물의 아미노화(제1보)
沈相喆,崔貴南 慶北大學校 物理化學硏究所 1985 硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-
유기아지드화물은 일산화탄소대기압하, 실온에서 높은 선택적 환원시약인 테트라카르 보닐철산염의 존재하에서 높은 수득율의 아민으로 환원되었다. 특히 벤조일아지드는 동일시약내 일산화탄소 대기압 실온에서는 에틸페닐카바메이트를 주나, -40℃에서는 정량적으로 벤즈아미드가 얻어졌다. Organic azides were reduced to organic amines in the presence of tetracarbonylhydridoferrate(O) as a highly selective reducing agent at room temperature under carbon monoxide atmosphere. Particularly, benzoylazide gave ethylphenylcarbamate at room temperature but gave benzamide quantitatively at -40℃ in the presence of tetracarbonylhydridoferrate under carbon monoxide atmosphere.
Inhibitory Effects of Chestnut Inner Skin Extracts on Melanogenesis
김지혜,최귀남,곽지현,정창호,정희록,이욱,김만조,허호진 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.6
Antioxidant capacities (ABTS radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay), mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory effect, and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) induced melanogenesis inhibitory effect of 60% methanol extracts and ethylacetate fractions from chestnut inner skin in B16F10 cells were investigated to inspect whitening effect. Above research showed that 60%methanol extracts and ethylacetate fractions from chestnut inner skin resulted in a dose-dependent manner on in vitro antioxidant effects. Especially, the ethylacetate fractions inhibited enzyme activity of mushroom tyrosinases with an IC50 value of 160 μg/mL. Ethylacetate fractions from chestnut inner skin also decreased cellular melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Expression of tyrosinase showed that ethylacetate fractions from chestnut inner skin significantly decreased cellular melanogenesis. Consequently, these results suggest that chestnut inner skin extracts can be considered for a whitening agent of human skin.
심상철,최귀남,오대희 경북대학교 교육대학원 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.-
Organic azides were reduced to organic amines in high yields with tetracarbonylhydridoferrate as a highly selective reducing agent at room temperature under carbon monoxide. And also, Organic azides were reduced to organic amines in moderate yields by water gas shift reaction(wgsr) using transition metal complexes such as rhodium and palladium at 150℃ for 4hr under pressures of carbon monoxide(20∼40atm).
곽지현,최귀남,김지혜,정창호,허호진,박주희,정희록 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2010 농업생명과학연구 Vol.44 No.2
The antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of water extract from purple sweet potato were investigated. The total phenolics and monomeric anthocyanin contents of purple sweet potato extract were 44.25 mg/g and 2,394 mg/L, respectively. The antioxidant activities of purple sweet potato extract were evaluated using various antioxidant tests, including 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino- bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and reducing power. In these assays, the extract of purple sweet potato presented significant radical scavenging activities, FRAP, and reducing power in a dose-dependent manner. MTT {3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl- tetrazoliumbromide} reduction assay showed significantly increase in cell viability when PC12 cells were pretreated with purple sweet potato extract. Because oxidative stress is also known to increase neuronal cell membrane breakdown, we further investigated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neutral red uptake assay. Purple sweet potato extract inhibited oxidative stress-induced membrane damage in neuronal cells. Therefore, these data results demonstrated that water extract of purple sweet potato have antioxidant activity and neuronal cell protective effect thus it has great potential as a natural source for human health. 자색고구마 추출물의 항산화 효과와 산화적 스트레스로 유도된 PC12 신경세포에 대한 보호효과에 대하여 연구하였다. 자색고구마 추출물의 총 페놀함량은 44.25 mg/g, monomeric anthocyanin 함량은 2,394 mg/L로 나타났다. 자색고구마 추출물의 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylben-zthiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical 소거활성, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) 및 환원력은 농도 의존적으로 항산화 활성이 증가하였다. MTT {3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide} reduction assay를 이용하여 자색고구마 추출물의 신경세포 보호효과를 측정한 결과, 세포 생존율이 두드러지게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 산화적 스트레스는 신경세포막 손상 정도를 증가시키기 때문에 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay와 neutral red uptake assay를 이용하여 세포막 손상 보호효과를 조사한 결과 자색고구마 추출물 처리구는 대조구에 비하여 산화적 스트레스로 유도된 세포막 손상 보호효과가 농도 의존적으로 나타났다. 따라서 자색고구마 추출물은 천연 항산화 소재 및 알츠하이머성 치매와 같은 신경퇴행성 질환의 예방 소재로서의 활용 가능성이 기대된다.