Husserl에 있어서 Descartes的 方法에 대한 硏究

李相穆 東亞大學校 敎育大學院 1987 敎育大學院 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The methods and goals of Husserl' thought can be fruitfully understood out of their historical orgins and precedents, particularly Descartes to which Husserl himself points. In this context, such questions inevitably arise as:how does Descartes help Husserl conceives and formulate the matter and problems of philosophy, what are the matters and problems of philosophy according to Husserl, and in what sense does the cartesian legacy burden or advance the project of Husserl's phenomenology? The key tsexts are descartes 'Meditations' and Husser's 'Cartesian Meditation'. In the first Meditation, we draw the connection between the cartesian method of doubt and the phenomenological reduction. In the second Meditation, we find out Husserl's objection pertain to the psychologizing and substantializing of the "I am". And we show that the Cartesian Meditations supply a means of salvaging the absolute giveness of the "I am" through a reinterpretation of the concept of evidence and an altered coneption of what it means to call consciousness absolute. And then we indicate how the distinction between the two it means to call consciousness absolute. And then we indicate how the distinction between the two senses of perfect evidence (adequate and apodictic) can presence the ego-cogito in its absolute giveness.

하악골에 발생한 거대한 cemento-ossifying fibroma의 치험례

이상철,권용대,이백수,김여갑,류동목,박종오 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.1

The cemento-ossifying filbroma is a well-demarcated and occasionally encapsulated neoplasm composed of fibrous tissue that contains varying amounts of calcified tissue resembling bone, cementum, or both. The greatest number of cases are encountered during the third and fourth decades of life and there is a definite female predilection, with female-to-male ratios as high as 5 : 1 being reported. The mandible is involved far more than the maxilla, and 90 percent of all cases are located in the mandible. The mandibular premolar-molar area is the most common site. Radiographically, the lesion is most often well defined and unilocular. Depending on the amount of calcified produced in the tumor, it may appear as completely radiolucent : more often it shows varying degrees of radiopacity. Some lesions may be largely radiopaque with a radiolucent halo. On microscopic study, the tumor is composed of fibrous tissue of varying degrees of cellularity containing calcified material. This may be in the form of trabeculae of osteoid and bone or basophilic ovoid calcifications that resemble cementum-like material. Admixture of the two types of calcifications are commonly seen. On this case, large cemento-ossifying fibroma has grown in the mandible and this lesion was treated by complete surgical excision and posterior iliac bone graft. A review of literature and a report of a case of cemento-ossifying fibroma are presented.

대전자골을 이용한 골이식증례

이백수,김여갑,이상철,김은철,류동목 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.1

Autogenous bone graft is the useful technique for management of various bone defect in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The most common site for bone graft harvest is the anterior iliac crest. There is usually considerable cancellous bone graft available and it can be obtained with minimal morbidity. However, complications noted in iliac crest grafts include prolonged postoperative pain, hematoma and fracture, gluteal muscle weakness. Occasionally, when large amounts of bone graft are needed and previous harvest procedure had used, iliac bone harvest may be not adequate. Like the iliac crest, the greater trochanter has abundant cancellous bone and is readily accessible with acceptable morbidity. The purpose of this study was to assess the availability of cancellous bone graft from the greater trochanter, compare the quantity with that available from the anterior iliac crest, investigate anatomical hazards, and make recommendations for consistent harvest.

우측 대장에 발생한 연소성 용종 1예

이준식,박성한,홍현진,안광순,김지연,배용목,이은영,박선자 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Juvenile polyp, also known as a retention polyp because they contain mucin cysts, is a relatively common hamartomatous lesion in chlidhood. It occurs in 1-2% of children and young adults; however it is uncommon in adulthood. Juvenile polyp is rare in the first year of life and is thus presumed to be acquired and not congenital. It is pedunculated, 2-3 cm in size, red-tan in colour, smooth and always shows fluid filled cystic spaces on cut surface. Histologically, Juvenile polyps are hamartomatous with distended, mucus-filled glands, often with cystic dilatation and edematous lamina propria containing abundant vasculature. The most common manifestation is rectal bleeding produced by auto-amputation of the polyp. Juvenile polyp has been considered not to be at increased risk of developing carcinoma. However, atypical epithelium is observed in some lesions, especially in larger polyps, which may give rise to adenoma and subsequent malignant transformation. Therefore the diagnosis of solitary juvenile polyp should not be made only with colonoscopy and biopsy, but should be totally resected endoscopically for pathologic evaluation. About 90% of the lesions are solitary and localized within 20cm from anal verge. In Korea, there are some reports of juvenile polyps located in the rectosigmoid colon. We report one case of juvenile polyp in adolescent that presented as a hematochezia & abdominal pain, which is located at right colon.

최근 5년간 악교정수술 증례에 관한 임상적 연구

이백수,류동목,김여갑,이상철,최유성 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.1

As a society develops and a standard of living raises, the orthoganthic operation, the purpose of which is the harmony of oral and surrounding tissue, the improvement of the basal bony relations for stable tooth-support, and the improvement of facial appearance, generalized in our society. This is a clinical study on 135 patients who underwent orthognathic operation at the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, College of Dentistry, Kyung-Hee University during the last 5 years. The results were as follows. 1. The ratio of female to male was 1.4 : 1. 2. The age distribution of most patients was the period of 20 years thruogh 24 years. 3. The major reasons for seeking orthagnathic surgery were ethetic complanints(94.8%), and additional reason was functional complaints such as masticatory disturbances, phonetic disturbances, and TMJ discomfort. 4. In order to consult about orthognathic surgery, the patients first visited to the Dept. of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the ratio of 24.0%. 5. The ratio of the patients who underwent the presurgical orthodontic treatment was 79.5%, and the treatment usually required the period from 7 months to 18 months. 6. The setback amount was less than 10mm at the ratio of 85.8%. 7. The orthognathic operations which were practiced were usually composed of ramus osteotomy such as sagittal split ramus osteotomy and vertical ramus osteotomy and additional surgery on mandible at the ratio of 86.7%, and SSRO was done at the ratio of 62.5%, and EVRO was done at the ratio of 37.5%.

3차원 근거리 표적의 효과적인 위치 추정 알고리듬

이철목,이수형,박상배 위덕대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 산업기술연구소 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

본 논문에서는 다중 3차원 근거리표적의 위치를 효과적으로 추정하는 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 기법은 세 개의 부분센서배열을 이용하여 기존의 3D MUSIC에서의 3차원 탐색을 3번의 1차원 탐색으로 대치함으로써 연 산량을 감소시켰다. 각각의 부분센서배열에서 얻은 센서신호로부터 표적이 원거리에 있다고 가정하고 원거리 입체각을 추정하면 추정된 입체각은 실제 근거리 표적의 위치인 방위각, 고각, 거리의 함수로 주어진다. 그러므로 세 개의 부분센서배열로부터 얻은 세 개의 함수를 연립하여 풀면 실제 근거리표적의 위치를 추정할 수 있다. 또 한 다중 표적의 경우, 추정치에 대하여 3차원 MUSIC 스펙트럼값을 비교함으로써 연관 문제를 해결하였다. In this paper, we are proposing an efficient 3D source localization algorithm using 3 uniform linear subarrays. The proposed algorithm replaces 3D search required in conventional 3D MUSIC algorithm with 3 1D searches, and thus reduces computational burden. The estimate of the 1D conic angle obtained from a subarray under the far-field assumption satisfies a nonlinear algebraic equation of the true source bearing angle, elevation angle, and range. The proposed algorithm estimates source location by solving 3 algebraic equations obtained from 3 subarrays. Comparing 3D MUSIC spectrums of the estimated source locations, the proposed algorithm solves pairing problem for multiple sources localization.

뇌자도 측정을 위한 저잡음 Nb SQUID 센서의 설계 및 제작

이용호,권혁찬,김진목,이상길,임청무,박용기,박종철 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

We report on the design, fabrication and performances of a low-noise Nb SQUID sensor for neuromagnetic measurements. The main features of the developed sensor are i) large flux-to-voltage transfer, making the SQUID readout electronics simple, and ii) use of the integrated planar pickup coil to eliminate the environmental magnetic field noises. The magnetic field noise of the developed SQUID sensor is below 5 fT/√Hz at 100 Hz, which is low enough to be used in neuromagnetic measurements.

食酢의 機能性에 대한 小考

이상목,조규성 안성산업대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

생명윤리학의 출현배경과 접근방법

이상목 새한철학회 2001 哲學論叢 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구는 생명윤리학(bioethics)이 출현하게 된 사회ㆍ문화적 배경과 그것의 학제간 성격을 살펴보고, 또한 생명윤리학의 접근 방법론을 알아보았다. 생명윤리학의 출현은 첨단과 학기술의 발달과 문화적 변화에 의해 제기된 도덕적 혼란과 복잡성, 그리고 도전들에 어떻게 대적할 것인가에 대한 철학적 반성이다. 죽음의 판단 기준은 무엇인가 그리고 인간 생명의 조적 가능성과 생명 복제기술의 발달로 인한 인간 복제의 문제 등에 대한 바람직한 해결책이 요구되었다. 이에 대해 전통 윤리이론(공리주의, 의무론 등)은 너무 일반적이고 추상적이어서 이러한 구체적이고 복잡한 사례에 대한 해결책을 제시할 수 없기 때문에, 그 성격이 다른 도덕원리의 필요성에 의해서 나타난 새로운 학문분야가 생명윤리학이다. 그런데 생명윤리학은 어떤 하나의 원리나 담론이 주도하는 학문분야외 달리 철학, 윤리학, 신학, 의학, 법학 등 광범위한 토대를 가진 학제간(interdisciplinary) 탐구로 이루어 졌기 때문에, 그것의 적합한 접근방법이 요구되었다. 이에 따라 크게 세 가지 접근방법이 제안되었다. 하나는 전통 윤리이론과 같은 높은 수준의 근본원리에 의존하지 않고, 네 가지 중간수준의 원칙에 의존하는 접근방법이다. 그것은 인간에 대한 존경의 원칙, 피해 회피 원칙, 선행 원칙, 정의 원칙과 같은 네 가지 중간 수준의 도덕원칙을 우리가 처한 도덕문제에 적용시켜 도덕적 해결책을 추론해 내는 하향적 방법(upward-down)이다. 이러한 연역적 방법론의 대표적 도덕이론은 "원칙주의"(princiolism)이다. 다음엔 사례에 기초한 방법론으로서 이 방법은 우리로 하여금 사례들을 검토 그리고 재검토하도록 요청하고 그리고 그 사례들을 환경에 기초한 적합한 개념 혹은 공통의 도덕 격률 하에 있는 분류법으로 정돈한다. 이 방법은 구체적인 도덕문제에서 일반적인 도덕원리로 나아가는 '상향적 방법'(downward-up)이다. 이러한 귀납적 방법론의 대표적인 도덕이론은 "결의론"(casuistry)이다. 마지막으로 공동체주의에 근거한 방법론으로서 이러한 접근은 생명윤리학의 출발점이 개인보다는 공동체이어야 한다는 것이다. Beginning in the 1960s, the foundations of Hippocratic ethics came under a cross fire of criticism from a variety of sources as followings; Beginning in the 1950s' Remarkable technological developments opened up whole new sets of possibilities in medicine. The era witnessed the development of medical technology such as kidney dialysis, organ transplantation, and effective and safe contraception along with safe abortions. And the 1960s was a time of rebellion against formal authorities. The civil rights movement, the anti-Vietnam war caused large numbers of people to question paternalism in many spheres of life. The autonomy of the physician to determine what constitutes harm and benefit was likewise called into question. These changes significantly influenced the development of the field of bioethics. The discipline of bioethics is not unified by single dominant theory of methodology. It reflects the interdisciplinary features in bioethics. These highly inter-disciplinary discussions brought considerations from every side into the debate. The two disciplines, moral philosophy and moral theory, provided their skills for the debates. Gradually, scholars from the two academic disciplines that had traditionally studied morality, philosophy and theology, began to join the physician. However, They did not submerge the interdisciplinary features in any single ethical theory. Because bioethics has a practical end, to guide decisions and to shape policy, it is not rare that out of the welter argument comes substantial consensus. Many philosophers doubt that there can be a satisfactory ethical theory of the kind that philosophers have traditionally sought, because morality cannit be codified in a set of rules, Some have sought to resolve moral dilemmas by side-stepping these problems confronting foundational methods. One way is to drop the use of traditional ethical theory and guide the resolution of moral controversies by middle-level principles.-"principlism" Another way to approach the problems presented in traditional ethical methods is to address the problems of the specification of principles to particular moral controversies by working with particular moral cases.-"casuistry" And the limitation of different method in bioethics have led some in the field to search of a communitarian basis. This method argues that the starting point for bioethics ought to be the community rather than the individual. However, a consensus on methodological issues in bioethics seems an unlikely accomplishment, because people treat method in several way.

남북한 상품시장의 통합환경과 가능성

이상목 연세대학교 통일연구원 2000 통일연구 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to study how the political and economic environment for the integration of goods markets in South and North Korea can be constructed and what is the possibility to be done so.To do this, the study examines the overall situation of the inter-Korean trade with the focus on its structure and characteristics.Furthermore some institutional measures are put forward to increase the level of the inter-Korean trade. For the past decade, there have been a lot of intermittent negotiations to expand the economic trade between the two Koreas.However the negotiations failed to have born fruits largely because the both sides were not assured of the consequences of the expanded economic exchanges between them, which would be negative on their political and military regimes. After the June Summit, the political environment between the South and North Korea has been drastically improved, but the macroeconomic situations are not favorable to extend the bilateral economic exchanges, through which to reach an integration of goods markets in the foreseeable future.On the part of the South Korea, the aftereffects of the financial crisis of 1997 are still lingering on it.The fundamentals of the North Korean economy are still not in a good condition with serious shortages in food, energy, exchange currency, ect. In conclusion, to level up the inter-Korean trade the South Korea should make efforts to recover completely from the financial crisis by eliminating the inherent structural problems in finance and industry.On the side of the North Korea, the malfunctioning economic system should be restructured to get out of its current economic crisis.But the problem the North Korea faces is that it tis much less possible for the ruling class to take a new strategy of radical reform on its ill economy.It is rather probable that they would prefer a gradual reform for the economic openness.The most important thing for the South Korean government to do expand the inter-Korean trade is to take some institutional measures: to simplify the complicated bureaucratic process to deal with the economic relations with North Korea, to enlarge direct trade, and to support with various subsidies the middle-and small sized companies involved in the trade with North Korea.