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( Yongcheol Kim ),( Xiongyi Han ),( Youngkeun Ahn ),( Min Chul Kim ),( Doo Sun Sim ),( Young Joon Hong ),( Ju Han Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.1
Background/Aims: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) in young female patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: We identified 8,250 patients diagnosed with AMI who underwent coronary angiogram from the Chonnam National University Hospital database, Gwangju, Korea, between November 2005 and September 2017. A total of 148 female patients aged less than 60 years with a history of AMI were retrospectively studied and the characteristics and clinical outcomes were evaluated for all SCAD patients. Results: Among female patients with AMI aged less than 60 years, the prevalence of SCAD was 8.78% (13 of 148). Based on the angiographic classification, type 2 SCAD was most commonly observed on angiograms in 69.2% of the cases (nine of 13), followed by type 3 in 23.1% (three of 13), and type 1 in 7.7% (one of 13). Furthermore, the left anterior descending (LAD) artery was the most commonly affected coronary artery (76.9%, 10 of 13 cases) and the distal segments of the coronary arteries were the most common sites of SCAD (92.3%, 12 of 13). Regarding the clinical outcomes, one of 13 patients experienced repeat revascularization during the following 31 months. Conclusions: The prevalence of SCAD was 8.7%, indicating that SCAD is not rare, among female patients aged less than 60 years with AMI in Korea. Type 2 SCAD was most commonly observed on angiogram. Moreover, the distal portion of the LAD was the segment most commonly affected by SCAD. The long-term clinical outcomes were favorable in patients surviving SCAD.
Amyloid-Beta-Activated Human Microglial Cells Through ER-Resident Proteins
Yoo, YongCheol,Byun, Kyunghee,Kang, Taewook,Bayarsaikhan, Delger,Kim, Jin Young,Oh, Seyeoun,Kim, Young Hye,Kim, Se-Young,Chung, Won-Il,Kim, Seung U.,Lee, Bonghee,Park, Young Mok American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of Proteome Research Vol.14 No.1
<P>Microglial activation in the central nervous system is a key event in the neuroinflammation that accompanies neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease (AD). Among cytokines involved in microglial activation, amyloid beta (A beta) peptide is known to be a key molecule in the induction of diverse inflammatory products, which may lead to chronic inflammation in AD. However, proteomic studies of microglia in AD are limited due to lack of proper cell or animal model systems. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of A beta-stimulated human microglial cells using SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with LC-MS/MS. Results showed that 60 proteins increased or decreased their abundance by 1.5 fold or greater. Among these, ER-resident proteins such as SERPINH1, PDIA6, PDIA3, and PPIB were revealed to be key molecular biomarkers of human microglial activation by validation of the proteomic results by immunostaining, PCR, ELISA, and Western blot. Taken together, our data suggest that ER proteins play an essential role in human microglial activation by A beta and may be important molecular therapeutic targets for treatment of AD.</P>
김용철(Kim, Yongcheol) 서강대학교 현대정치연구소 2021 현대정치연구 Vol.14 No.2
대부분의 기존연구들이 햇볕정책이나 외교정책에 초점을 맞춰 김대중의 평화관을 분석했다면, 이 글은 ‘한반도 평화론’뿐만 아니라 ‘대중경제론’과 ‘지구적 민주주의’로 분석의 대상을 넓혀 그의 평화와 폭력에 대한 인식과 철학을 재조명한다. 분석의 결과는 그의 평화철학이 남북관계 혹은 국가안보에만 국한된 것이 아니라, 일국 차원의 사회공동체와 지구적 차원의 인류공동체 등 다양한 수준을 포괄하고 있음을 보여준다. 그가 상정하는 평화란 전쟁억지 및 교류⸱협력을 통한 평화통일뿐만 아니라, 정신적 · 신체적 위해, 구조적 수탈 및 억압, 문화⸱종교⸱인종적 차별, 그리고 자연의 훼손에 이르기까지 다양한 형태의 폭력들을 비폭력적으로 제어하는 과정이자 제어된 상태를 의미했다. 이를 위해, 그는 민주적 시장경제의 확산, 공동체주의적 덕성의 함양, 그리고 전 인류적 차원에서 재개념화된 민주주의의 확장을 역설했다. 요컨대, 그에게 평화란 선험적으로 존재하는 것이 아니라, 우리 모두가 준비하고 만들어가야 할 대상이었다. This article analyzes Kim Dae-Jung"s view of peace and violence and its philosophical basis. If most of the prior studies analyzed his view of peace by focusing on the Sunshine Policy or foreign policy, this article re-examines it by broadening the scope of analysis not only to ‘Peace of the Korean Peninsula’, but also to ‘Mass Economy’ and ‘Global Democracy.’ The results show that his philosophy of peace is not limited to inter-Korean relations or national security, but encompasses various levels such as the social community at the national level and the human community at the global level. The peace he posited was a non-violent control over and controlled state of various forms of violence, ranging from mental and physical harm, structural expropriation and oppression, cultural, religious, and racial discrimination, and the destruction of nature. In order to achieve peace, he emphasized that the spread of a democratic market economy, the cultivation of communitarian virtues, and the expansion of reconceptualized democracy at the human level were essential. For Kim Dae-Jung, peace does not exist a priori, but is something we all have to prepare and create.
급성 심근경색증 환자에서 관상동맥 중재술 후 허혈성 심근병증 예측인자
김혜숙 ( Hye Sook Kim ),정명호 ( Myung Ho Jeong ),윤현주 ( Hyun Ju Yoon ),김용철 ( Yongcheol Kim ),손석준 ( Seok-joon Sohn ),김민철 ( Min Chul Kim ),심두선 ( Doo Sun Sim ),홍영준 ( Young Joon Hong ),김주한 ( Ju Han Kim ),안영근 ( 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회지 Vol.95 No.3
목적: 급성 심근경색증 환자에서 적극적인 치료에도 불구하고 허혈성 심근병증으로 진행한 환자는 많은 육체적, 사회경제적인 어려움을 겪게 된다. 이 연구의 목적은 급성 심근경색증 환자에서 성공적인 관상동맥 중재술 후에 허혈성 심근병증이 발생하는 예측인자에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2011년 11월부터 2015년 10월까지 Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health(KAMIR-NIH)에 등록된 환자 중 급성 심근경색증으로 전남대학교병원에 내원 후 성공적인 관상동맥 중재술을 시행 받고, 퇴원 전 심장초음파를 시행한 후 추적 심장초음파 검사가 시행된 환자 547명(63.1 ± 12.3세, 남자 71.1%)을 대상으로 하였다. 추적 심장초음파 검사에서 허혈성 심근병증이 발생한 환자군 66명(Ⅰ군: 67.1 ± 11.9세, 남자 78.8%)과 발생하지 않은 환자군 481명(Ⅱ군: 62.5 ± 12.2세, 남자 70.1%)으로 분류하여, 양군 간의 임상적 특성, 혈액 검사 특성, 심장초음파 및 관상동맥 조영술 소견 및 주요심장사건을 비교·분석하였다. 허혈성 심근병증은 심장초음파 검사에서 좌심실 이완기말 직경(left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, LVEDD) > 55 mm이고, 좌심실 구혈률(left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF) < 50%로 저하되어 있는 경우로 정의하였다. 결과: Ⅰ군에서 평균연령(67.1 ± 11.9세 vs. 62.5 ± 12.2세, p = 0.004)이 높았으며, ST-분절 상승 심근경색증(65.2% vs. 46.2%, p = 0.004), Killip class (p = 0.008), 병원 내 심장사건(48.5% vs. 22.7%, p < 0.001)에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 백혈구(12,340 ± 4,235 mm3 vs. 10,560 ± 4,057 mm³, p = 0.001)와 혈당(201.7 ± 104.4 mg/dL vs. 164.7 ± 75.7 mg/dL, p = 0.007), CK-MB (163.9 ± 124.6 U/L vs. 87.8 ± 102.9 U/L p < 0.001), troponine-I (124.2 ± 113.5 ng vs. 44.5 ± 113.5 ng, p < 0.001)는 Ⅰ군에 비하여 Ⅱ군에서 의미있게 높았다. LVEF (41.7 ± 10.5 vs. 55.4 ± 10.3%, p < 0.001), LVEDD (54.1 ± 7.2 vs. 49.3 ± 5.3 mm, p < 0.001), E/A 비(1.19 ± 0.67 vs. 0.95 ± 0.45, p =0.017), E/e’ ratio (16.7 ± 7.8 vs. 12.7 ± 6.1, p = 0.001)가 유의한 차이가 있었으나, 관상동맥 조영술 및 중재술 소견은 두군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 다변량 회귀분석 결과 LVEF < 50% (OR 8.722, CI 2.986-25.478, p < 0.001), LVEDD > 55 mm (OR 4.511, CI 1.561-13.038, p = 0.005), E/e' ratio ≥ 15 (OR 3.270, CI 1.168-9.155, p = 0.024)이 허혈성 심근병증 발생의 독립적 예측인자였다. 결론: 급성 심근경색증 환자에서 허혈성 심근병증 발생의 독립적인 예측인자는 LVEF < 50%, LVEDD > 55 mm, E/e' ratio ≥ 15였다. 따라서, 내원 시 예측인자를 갖고 있는 환자에 대해서는 급성 심근경색증 발생초기부터 보다 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background/Aims: Many patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) suffer from heart failure due to progressive ischemic left ventricular (LV) remodeling. This study investigated the predictors of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) in patients with AMI who underwent successful percutaneous intervention. Methods: A total of 547 patients with AMI were divided into two groups: ICMP (n = 66, 67.1 ± 11.9 years, 78.8% males) and non-ICMP (n = 481, 62.5 ± 12.2 years, 70.1% males). Results: On echocardiography, the LVEF was significantly decreased (41.7 ± 10.5 vs. 55.4 ± 10.3%, p < 0.001) but the LV end-diastolic (54.1 ± 7.2 vs. 49.3 ± 5.3 mm, p < 0.001) and systolic (42.1 ± 8.0 vs. 33.5 ± 6.0 mm, p < 0.001) dimensions significantly increased in the ICMP group compared with the non-ICMP group. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, LVEF < 50% (odds ratio [OR] 8.722, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.986-25.478, p < 0.001), LV end-diastolic dimension > 55 mm (OR 4.511, 95% CI 1.561-13.038, p = 0.005), and ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e’) ≥ 15 (OR 3.270, 95% CI 1.168-9.155, p = 0.024) were independent predictors of ICMP development. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that a larger LV size, lower LV function, and increased E/e’ (≥ 15) were independent predictors of ICMP. Therefore, the development of ICMP should be carefully monitored in AMI patients with these features. (Korean J Med 2020;95:188-200)
Joint moments and contact forces in the foot during walking
Kim, Yongcheol,Lee, Kyoung Min,Koo, Seungbum Elsevier 2018 Journal of biomechanics Vol.74 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The net force and moment of a joint have been widely used to understand joint disease in the foot. Meanwhile, it does not reflect the physiological forces on muscles and contact surfaces. The objective of the study is to estimate active moments by muscles, passive moments by connective tissues and joint contact forces in the foot joints during walking. Joint kinematics and external forces of ten healthy subjects (all males, 24.7 ± 1.2 years) were acquired during walking. The data were entered into the five-segment musculoskeletal foot model to calculate muscle forces and joint contact forces of the foot joints using an inverse dynamics-based optimization. Joint reaction forces and active, passive and net moments of each joint were calculated from muscle and ligament forces. The maximum joint reaction forces were 8.72, 4.31, 2.65, and 3.41 body weight (BW) for the ankle, Chopart’s, Lisfranc and metatarsophalangeal joints, respectively. Active and passive moments along with net moments were also obtained. The maximum net moments were 8.6, 8.4, 5.4 and 0.8%BW∙HT, respectively. While the trend of net moment was very similar between the four joints, the magnitudes and directions of the active and passive moments varied between joints. The active and passive moments during walking could reveal the roles of muscles and ligaments in each of the foot joints, which was not obvious in the net moment. This method may help narrow down the source of joint problems if applied to clinical studies.</P>