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부산 일부 대학교 학생들의 니코틴 의존도와 구취의 연관성
김유린(외 5명) 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 自然科學論文集 Vol.22 No.-
The purpose of this study is to examine the association of bad breath and nicotine dependency. By use of the findings from this study, This study conducted the survey of 53 smoker who visited dental hygiene lab for delivery from October to November 2012 with structured questionnaires(Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire FTQ) and equipment(CO measuring instrument, Oral Chroma etc). The data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 program for χ2-test, ANOVA. Smokers' average age was 23 years old. The more higher nicotine dependence the more the average age was higher. The more higher nicotine dependence the less to nque brushing. No association of nicotine dependence and self-bad breath level. CO State was Significant differences(ND1(M=2.58), ND2(M=3.98), ND3(M=7.41), ND4(M=4.19), ND5(M=13.14))(F=2.616, p=.047). Dimethyl Sulfide was Significant differences(F=3.026, p=.026).
( Su Jung Park ),( Ji Yeon Hong ),( Tae Rin Kwon ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Myeung Nam Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2
Background: There is tremendous demand for dermal rejuvenation with minimal invasiveness and patient downtime. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of nonfractional monopolar radiofrequency for improvement of photoaged skin texture and wrinkles. Methods: In total, 32 6-week-old female hairless mice were randomized into 4 groups of 8 mice each: healthy control, UVB-exposed, UVB+microneedling and UVB+microneedle RF. After applying each treatment modality, skin surface was globally investigated and histologically evaluated senile skin change. Results: The depth and number of wrinkles showed gradual improvement in RF-treated mice for post-treatment 12 days. The mean Ra value of the RF-treated group became significantly lower when compared to the initial Day 0-value. The RF-treated group showed decreased epidermal thickness, suppression of dermal inflammatory cell infiltration. Also, it showed increased density of collagen fibers and amount of elastic fibers. Conclusion: Microneedle RF treatment clinically and histologically alleviates photoaging signs. To the best of our knowledge, this result is the first evidence that a nonfractional monopolar microneedle radiofrequency device may contribute to the treatment of UV-damaged skin.
신수린 ( Su Rin Shin ),김창환 ( Chang Hwan Kim ),김성은 ( Sung Eun Kim ),박용범 ( Yong Bum Park ),이재영 ( Jae Young Lee ),모은경 ( Eun Kyung Mo ),김철홍 ( Cheol Hong Kim ),엄광석 ( Kwang Seok Eom ),장승훈 ( Seung Hun Jang ),김동 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.61 No.3
배경: 근치적 항결핵제의 유용에도 불구하고, 결핵으로 사망하는 환자는 증가하고 있다. 다제내성결핵과 HIV 감염이 높은 사망률과 관련되어 있지만, HIV 감염률이 낮은 지역에서는 다른 요소들이 사망과 관련되어 있을 가능성이 있다. 이에 결핵으로 입원한 환자에서 병원내 사망과 관련된 인자들을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2003년 1월 1일부터 2004년 12월 31일까지 한림대학교 병원에 결핵으로 확진되어 치료한 신환에서 사망한 환자 27명과 호전되어 퇴원한 환자 중 나이와 성별을 짝지은 54명을 대조군으로 비교분석하였다. 결과: 사망군의 평균 나이는 60±16세이며, 남자가 70%였다. 대조군에 비해 사망군에서 혈색소, 알부민과 콜레스테롤이 유의하게 낮았으며(p<0.05), 혈액요소질소, AST, C-reactive protein는 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 사망군에서 대조군에 대해 결핵의 기왕력은 차이가 없었으며, 방사선학적 중증도, 동반질환, 내원시 호흡곤란, 응급실을 통한 입원과 초기 중환자실 치료가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 다중회귀분석을 통해 알부민과 초기 중환자실 치료가 독립적으로 사망에 영향을 미치는 인자로 밝혀졌다(p<0.05). 결론: 심한 영양결핍을 동반한 중증 결핵 환자는 사망에 고위험군으로 결핵 환자의 조기 발견 및 치료에 개선이 필요하며, 효율적인 공공 보건 교육, 검진정책과 환자관리가 중요할 것으로 사료된다. Study objectives: To determine the factors associated with mortality after an in-hospital diagnosis of tuberculosis in a region with low levels of HIV coinfection. Methods: From January 2003 to December 2004, all subjects who were > 15 years of age and had received a diagnosis of tuberculosis were registered. The clinical, radiological and laboratory aspects of the patients who died (n=27) were compared with those of an age and gender matched control population(n=54). Logistic regression analyses were carried out, which included age, gender, hospital admission source, initial site of admission, dyspnea, general weakness and initial laboratory data. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60±16 years and male patients outnumbered female patients. Univariate analysis identified hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, albumin, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), C-reactive protein and the risk factors for tuberculosis to be significantly associated with mortality. Among the characteristics of disease presentation and treatment, emergency department admission, intensive care unit, disease severity, general weakness and dyspnea at the time of admission were associated with mortality. Multiple regression analysis revealed the initial management in the intensive care unit and lower serum albumin to be independently associated with mortality. Conclusion: The markers of disease chronicity and severity appear to be associated with in-hospital mortality. Identifying potentially reversible factors such as malnutrition and respiratory failure suggests specific intervention that might lead to an improvement in the patients` outcomes. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2006; 61: 233-238)
In-situ process monitoring for eco-friendly chemical vapor deposition chamber cleaning
An Su-Rin,Choi Jeong Eun,Hong Sang Jeen 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.11
The use of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) has drastically increased the development of 3D-NAND fabrication. We investigated a potential alternative method to replace the usage of NF3 in ACL deposition chamber cleaning with reasonable cleaning efficiency. Perfluoro-compounds (PFCs) have been listed as global warming gases, and NF3, which has 17,200 of 100 years GWP, is expected to be listed in a few years; thus, its usage for PECVD chamber cleaning in the semiconductor and display manufacturing industries may have restricted in the near future. To understand the plasma-cleaning phenomenon inside the PECVD chamber, we monitored the in situ plasma process using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and quadrupole mass spectroscopy (QMS). The cleaning mechanism was revealed through the chemical species in the plasma using OES, and the presence of harmful gases in the exhaust stage was confirmed using QMS. O2, N2, and NH3 were selected as gases that could replace NF3, and the individual gases, as well as gas mixtures, were analyzed. A mixture of 20% N2 in O2 showed the highest film removal rate in ACL deposition chamber cleaning, and the gas with low GWP was released. Through this study, we propose an eco-friendly chamber cleaning method that can replace the existing method that causes global warming problems.