Argument-related recurrent sequences: A corpus-based study targeting L2 learners of English

( Shin¸ Yu Kyoung ),( Gu¸ Yeri ),( Park¸ Yerin ),( Seo¸ Dongju ) 한국중등영어교육학회 2021 중등영어교육 Vol.14 No.4

Legal sentencing involves a multilayered series of arguments leading to a final verdict, just as argumentative essays, a frequent task genre in language classes, should include multilayered argumentation leading to the writer’s conclusions. This similarity suggests that authentic legal sentencing discourse could potentially be useful for language pedagogy. Yet this specific written genre has not attracted much attention in EFL contexts. This study examines three corpora of legal sentencing data (i.e., verdicts of guilty, innocent, and partially innocent when the charges involve more than one crime), amounting to 650,000 words. The study identifies lexical bundles in each corpus and their semantic preferences (i.e., co-occurring words of the sequences in context) in concordance lines. The findings illuminate features of the sentencing genre and suggest its potential as a pedagogical tool for teaching argumentative prose to L2 English learners at the secondary and tertiary levels.

다양한 교정용 브라켓 원재료에 부착하는 mutans streptococci 양의 비교분석

유진경,안석준,이신재,장영일 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Objective: To estimate the effects of bracket material type on enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment, this study analyzed the adhesion level of mutans streptococci (MS) to orthodontic bracket materials in vivo. Methods: Three different types of orthodontic bracket materials were used: stainless steel, monocrystalline sapphire, and polycrystalline alumina. A balanced complete block design was used to exclude the effect of positional variation of bracket materials in the oral cavity. Three types of plastic individual trays were made and one subject placed the tray in the mouth for 12 hours. Then, the attached bacteria were isolated and incubated on a mitis salivarius media containing bacitracin for 48 hours. Finally, the number of colony forming units of MS was counted. The experiments were independently performed 5 times with each of the 3 trays, resulting in a total of 15 times. Mixed model ANOVA was used to compare the adhesion amount of MS. Results: There was no difference in colony forming units among the bracket materials irrespective of jaw and tooth position. Conclusions: This study suggested that the result of quantitative analysis of MS adhesion to various orthodontic bracket materials in vivo may differ from that of the condition in vitro. 법랑질 탈회는 교정 치료 중에 발생하는 대표적인 부작용으로서 특히 교정용 브라켓에 대한 세균 부착이 그 원인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 서로 다른 표면 특성을 가진 세 종류의 브라켓을 구강 내 장착했을 때 각 재료의 표면에 대한 mutans streptococci 부착 정도를 측정하여 브라켓 재료에 따른 법랑질 탈회 및 치아 우식 발생 가능성을 분석하는 것이었다. 상하악 및 치아 부위별 mutans streptococci 부착 정도의 차이를 배제하고 브라켓 원재료에 따른 차이만을 검출하기 위하여 균형완전블록 실험계획을 설계하였다. 피실험자인 30세 여성의 구강 내에 장착할 수 있는 tooth positioner 형태로 3세트의 플라스틱 맞춤 트레이를 제작하였으며, 이 트레이에 직육면체의 형태(4 x 3 x 2 mm)로 제작한 stainless steel, monocrystalline sapphire, polycrystalline alumina 조각을 세트마다 서로 다른 순서로 전치부와 구치부 순면에 부착하였다. 이렇게 제작된 3종류의 실험장치를 12시간 동안 피실험자의 구강 내에 장착한 후, 각 브라켓 재료 표면에 형성된 치태를 채취하여 bacitracin이 포함된 mitis salivarius배지에서 48시간 배양 후 colony counting을 통해 그 표면에 부착된 mutans streptococci 양을 비교하였다. 이와 같은 방법으로 3세트의 실험장치에 대해서 각각 5회씩 총 15회의 실험을 시행하였다. 그 결과 상하악 및 치아 부위별 및 브라켓 재료별 세균 부착 정도는 모두 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과 in vivo condition에서 브라켓 재료의 차이는 mutans streptococci 부착에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 보였다.

계면활성제 함유 인지질 나노입자의 초가변성 연구

신지영,오유경,강민정,권경애,김종국 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

This study was aimed to formulated various phospholipid nanoparticles composed of different surfactants and to evaluate the deformability of the phospholipid vesicles as candidates of useful ultradeformable nanoparticles. In vitro deformability of the hospholipid nanoparticles was studied using an extruder under a certain pressure. The sizes of phospholipid nanoparticles, passed volumes, and concentrations of the phospholipids in suspensions before and after extrusion were measured. The deformability indexes were estimated by using passed volumes, sizes of phospholipid nanoparticles and concentrations of phospholipids. Conventionl liposomes, placed under a certain pressure of an extruder, showed no passed volume indicating little deformability. Similar to conventional liposomes, phospholipid nanoparticles containing surpactants such as sodium taurcholate, Myrj 45, or Myrj 53 showed little deformability. In contrast, phospholipid nanoparticles composed of Tween 20, triton X-100, or sodium deoxycholate showed higher deformability indexes than others. Taken together, the deformability of phospholipid nanoparticles could be significantly affected by the type of surfactants. Moreover, these results suggest that the deformability of phospholipid nanoparticles could be modulated by surfactants.

주사(注射)를 통한 파라쿼트 중독사 : 부검 3예

김윤신,이호,정유경,정익조,한백희 대한법의학회 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Paraquat is a bipyridilium nonselective contact herbicide and well-known pulmonary toxicants. Concentrated solution of paraquat may causes severe corrosive injury and multiple system organ failure. It is poorly absorbed from GI tract, but is extremely toxic and so one swallowed mouthful of Gramoxone(about 5ml) will be fatal. We experienced 3 cases of paraquat poisoning through injection and examined pathologic findings, medical records and concentration of paraquat in blood and tissues. We reviewed the mechanism of action of paraquat. pathologic changes of organ system, concentration of compound in the various organ and cause of death in autopsy cases.

골수 유래 기질 줄기세포의 탐식작용 매개성 케모카인 수용체 발현 연구

정영신,변향민,신지영,김정목,정형민,오유경 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.4

To design gene delivery systems which can deliver higher amounts of genes into stem cells, we studied the expression of receptors involved in the receptor-mediated endocytosis of bone marrow stromal stem cells. Bone marrow was isolated from ICR mice, and bone marrow stromal stem cells were isolated based on their plastic adherence property. Several cultrure conditions were screened for effective and continuous culture of marrow stromal stem cells. MesenCult medium was finally used to cultivate marrow stromal stem cells in vitro. As candidate receptors, various chemokine receptors were studied. Both bone marrow cells and marrow-derived stromal stem cells showed expression of CC chemokine receptors (CCR) and CXC chemokine receptors (CXCR). Marrow stromal stem cells showed higher expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 chemokine receptors as compared to other types of chemokine receptors. Moreover, though the expression chemokine receptors generally decreased in most chemokine receptors with the cultivation of marrow stromal stem cells, CCR5 and CXCR4 chemokine receptors retained the higher lever of receptor expressions over prolonged periods. These results suggest that the ligands exhibiting specific binding to CCR5 or CXCR4 might be used to modify gene delivery systems for increased level of receptor-mediated gene delivery into stromal stem cells.

혈구세포 수송체로 투여된 트레일 유전자의 혈중 발현 지속 효과

변향민,권경애,신지영,오유경 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.4

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis -inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a recently identified member of the tumor necrosis factor cytokine superfamily. TRAIL has been shown to induce apoptosis in a number of tumor cells whereas cells from most of normal tissues are highly resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These observations have raised considerable interest in the use of TRAIL in tumor therapy. In this study we report the biodistribution fates and serum expression pattern of plasmid DNA encoding TRAIL (pTRAIL) delivered in erythrocyte ghosts(EG). pTRAIL was loaded into EG by electroporation in a hypotonic medium. The mRNA expression of pTRAIL was prolonged following delivery in EG-encap-sulated forms. EG containing pTRAIL showed significant levels of mRNA expression in the blood over 9 days. The organ expression patterns of pTRAIL delivered via EG, however, did not significantly differ from those of naked pTRAIL, indicating that the expression-enhancing effect of EG containing pTRAIL, was localized to the blood. These results suggest that pTRAIL-loaded EG might be of potential use in the treatment of hematological diseases such as TRAIL-sensitive leukemia.

저분자량 폴리에틸렌이민을 이용한 유전자 송달 및 발현 유효성 연구

정길재,박귀례,신지영,최한곤,오유경 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.4

Branched and linear polyethylenimines (PEIs) have been studied as efficient and versatile agents for gene delivery in vitro and in vivo. PEIs exist in a linear or branched topology and are available in a wide range of molecular weight (Mw). Most studies have been done using PEIs with Mw higher than 10Kd. This study was aimed to test the transfection efficiency and the cell viability following gene delivery using PEI of Mw 2Kd, a relatively lower Mw cationic polymer. We used murine interleukin-2(mIL-2) plasmid DNA complexed with branched PEI 2Kd or 25Kd, and transfected them into a myoblast muscle cell line, C2C12. The cellular uptake of mIL-2 plasmid DNA was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RNA transcript levels were studied in the myoblast cells. Our results show that PEI 2Kd was as effective as PEI 25Kd in celluar gene delivery and transfection efficiency in C2C12 cells. Moreover, MTT assay indicated that PEI 2Kd/DNA complexes did not significantly reduce the cell viability regardless of N/P ratios. These results suggest that PEI of Mw 2Kd might play a role as effective and low toxic nonviral vector systems for muscular cell lines.

Secreted Proteins from Entomopathogenic Bacterium of Wax Moth Larvae, Galleria mellonella

Yu Kyoung-Hyeon,Lee Young-Shin,Park Shin-Yong,Kang Chang-Soo,Lee In-Hee 한국응용곤충학회 2001 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

Purification and Antimicrobial Activities of Lysozymes in the Hemolymph of Wax Moth Larvae, Galleria mellonella

Yu, Kyoung Heyon,Young Shin Lee,Shin Yong Park,Chang Soo Kang,In Hee Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2001 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

Poster Session 1 : The NMR-deried solution structure of the fish-derived antimicrobial peptide Piscidin 1 and effects of glycine residues on structure, cell selectivity and Lipid interaction

( Yu Kyoung Kim ),( Song Yub Shin ),( Shin Saeng Lim ),( Kyung Soo Hahm ),( Yang Mee Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.-