Interleukin-2가 Mouse 간실질세포의 미세구조에 미치는 영향

손승국,백태경,이규식,정호삼 한양대학교 의과대학 1990 한양의대 학술지 Vol.10 No.1

It is well known that interleukin-2, a kind of lymphokine produced by the lymphocytes stimulated by antigen or mitogen, mediates antitumor effects by stimulating the proliferation of helper and cytotoxic T-cells, augmenting the tumorlytic activities of natural killer cell and promoting the differentiation of precusor T-cell into lymphokine activated killer cell in vivo. Thus interleukin-2 has been widely used as immunotherapeutic agent for various sarcoma and carcinoma and also regressed the metastasis of malignant tumors. Although interleukin-2 is beneficial to cancer patient, it also develops many toxic effects such as fever, chillness, general malaise, mental confusion, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and capillary leakage syndrome, including the general edema, heavy weight gain, ascites any pulmonary edema, which limits clinical use of interleukin-2. The author undertook this experiment to pursue the effect of interleukin-2 on the ultrastructure of hepatocyte in mice. A total of 75 healthy male DDY mice, weighing about 20gm, were used as experimental animals. The experimental animals were divided into the control and interleukin-2 treated groups, and then interleukin-2 treated mice were subdivided into 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours groups by intervals of time after administration and each group allocated 15 mice. Mice of interleukin-2 treated group were administrated with 2 million unit of interleukin-2, per kg of body weight, diluted in intraperitoneally. Animals were sacrificed 6,12,24 and 48 hours after administration. The specimens, left anterior hepatic lobe, were prefixed in 2% glutaraldehyde-2,\.5% paraformaldehyde solution buffered by Millonig's phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) for 2-4 hours and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide buffered by same buffer solution for 2 hours at 4℃. After dehydration, the specimens were embedded in Epon 812 and the ultrathin sections, 600-800A inthickness, were made with LKB V ultramicrotome. The preparations were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and observed with JEM 100cx-II electron microscope. The result obtained were as follows; 1. Dilation, sacculation and disruption of cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum accompanied with dissociation of membrane bound ribosome were observed but as time goes by, these changes were recovered. 2. Disorganization of mitochondria was observed. 3. Proliferations of smooth endoplasmic reticulum associated with depletion of glycogen particles was recognized. But as time goes by, the glycogen particles were represented. 4. Numerous variously sized autophagic vacupoles and multivesicular bodies were observed. 5. Numerous lipid droplets were observed but they were disappeared as time goes by. Based on the result obtained, it is suggested that interleukin-2 would induce changes of ultrastructures of hepatocyte in mouse but these changes were recovered as time goes by.

자발성 뇌교출혈 환자의 예후에 관한 임상 분석

조재영,석종식,민병국,권정택,최덕영,황성남,김영백,박승원 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2002 中央醫大誌 Vol.27 No.1

Patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage very often develop setvere disturbances of consciousness,pupilary abnormalities, respiratory and motor. They have high mortality rate. Therefore, I analyzed the correlation between the Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)and clincial manifestations or computed tomographic(CT)findings in 48 patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage to clarify factors predicting the prognosis. I examined 48 Patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage; 33 males and 15 females, age 54.6±8.99(mean±S.D.;range 39 to 68)brought to our hospital between January 1995 and December 1999, retrospectively. Correlations between the clinical manifestations, CT findings and the GOS was assessed with multivariate regression analysis. The results were as follow: 1) Patients with the pontine hemorrhage were of 8.8% in those with intracerebral hemorrhage. The ratio of male and female was 33 to 15. The incidence of age is eqial to 40,50 and 60. Total mortality was 41.6%. 2) The poor prognostic factor were that; Glasgow coma scale(GCS)3∼8, irregular respiration. pupilary abnormality, quadriplegia, Brain CT typeⅠ(massive), hydrocephalus, extrapontine extension, Intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH). These clinical analysis should be useful in determining the level of care and future resuscitative efforts.

3차원 비디오 자동 동작분석 시스템 개발

박성순,양창수,장준원,이경일,우철호,백승국 한국운동역학회 1998 한국운동역학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develope both hardware and software of automatic 3-dimensional video motion analysis system. In this image capture system, the vedeo image was stored as a file in CD-Rom directly, the refore it was possible to analyze motion without VCR. Reflective markers were used to digitize automaticaly. C-language and MS-Visual Basic 5.0 ] anguage were utiliged in this software to analyze motion. The conclusions were as follows; 1. The vedeo information at sixty frames per second could be captured accurately as a image with a resolution photography of 640×480-24 bit. 2. It was possible to digitize both manually and automatically utilizing reflective marks attached the body. 3. The automatic 3-dimensional video motion analysis system, which was developed in this study not only increased accuracy but also reduced digitizing time so much.

Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection of Rectal Cancer: Short-Term Outcome of a Prospective Comparative Study

Baik, Seung Hyuk,Kwon, Hye Youn,Kim, Jin Soo,Hur, Hyuk,Sohn, Seung Kook,Cho, Chang Hwan,Kim, Hoguen Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2009 Annals of Surgical Oncology Vol.16 No.6

직장에 발생한 위장관 간질종양 7예

백승혁(Seung Hyuk Baik),김남규(Nam Kyu Kim),이중호(Chung Ho Lee),이강영(Kang Young Lee),손승국(Seung Kook Sohn),조장환(Chang Hwan Cho),김호근(Ho Geun Kim),표홍렬(Hong Ryull Pyo),라선영(Sun Young Rha),정현철(Hyun Chul Chung) 대한외과학회 2005 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.68 No.2

지역문화브랜딩 프로세스 모델 연구

백승국(Baik Seung-kook),오장근(Oh Jang-geun),전형연(Jeon Hyeong-yeon) 인문콘텐츠학회 2008 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.12

본 연구의 목적은 지역문화의 중요성에 집중하면서 지역문화브랜딩 프로세스 모델의 개발을 시도하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 본고는 다음과 같이 세 가지 차원에서 연구를 진행하였다 : 지역문화브랜딩의 주요개념 제시, 지역문화브랜드 수용(Perception) 진단 모델 소개, 그리고 지역문화커뮤니케이션의 전략 제시. 이 프로세스 모델은 어떻게 다양한 지역들이 문화브랜딩을 통하여 정체성을 세우고 지역이미지를 관리할 수 있는지 그 이론적 기반을 제공해 줄 수 있으리라 기대한다. 따라서 본 연구는 이 모델을 활용하여 호남의 연구콘텐츠 분석, 호남의 문화콘텐츠 분석 그리고 호남의 공간콘텐츠 분석을 기반으로 한 호남이라는 광범위한 지역공간의 문화브랜딩을 시도해보았다. 이런 시도는 어떻게 지역브랜드가 지역의 다채로운 문화콘텐츠 활용을 통해 ‘문화브랜딩’을 구현할 수 있는지 그 범례를 보여준다. 즉, 본고는 이런 연구과정을 통해 또 하나의 유용한 지역문화브랜딩 프로세스 모델을 제안하고자 하는 것이다. Focusing on the significance of regional culture contents, this study attempted to develop the regional culture branding process model. In order to develop this process model, at first, this research conducted three stages of work: presentation of core concepts for regional culture branding, development perception diagnosis model for regional culture brands and proposition of regional culture communication strategy. This process model indicated theoretical foundations on how diverse regions could be established and managed through cultural branding. Thus this model applied in the Honam area’s case which are composed of Honam’s research contents’ analysis, Honam’s culture contents’ analysis and Honam’s space contents’ analysis. This case study arrived to show how regional brand make the ‘cultural branding’ by using various culture contents in the region. Finally, based on our study findings, we intended to suggest some practical process model for regional culture branding.

문화기술 R&D의 성과평가 모형에 관한 연구

백승국(Baik, Seung-Kook),권지혁(Gwon, Ji-Hyeok),이주희(Lee, Ju-Hee) 인문콘텐츠학회 2013 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.28

콘텐츠의 융복합이 가속화되면서 미래 성장 기반의 CT R&D 사업은 지속적으로 지원 규모를 확대하고 있으나 여전히 다른 산업에 비해 성과가 미흡한 실정이다. 이러한 문제가 발생하는 이유는 CT R&D 사업의 장기적인 관리 시스템의 부재와 표준화된 성과 평가의 부재로 인하여 매년 시행되는 성과 평가의 일관성 결여 그리고 문화와 기술이 융합된 CT의 개념을 성과 평가에서 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있는데서 그 연유를 찾을 수 있다. 특히 기술·경제적 성과 중심의 CT R&D 성과 평가는 CT의 사회·문화적 함의를 고려하지 않고 기술의 경제적 효율성을 중시하는 경향이 있다. CT R&D 성과평가는 기술적 측면뿐만 아니라 기술이 실질적으로 활용되는 콘텐츠와 이를 사용하는 소비자를 통합적으로 고려할 수 있는 문화적 측면까지도 평가 대상의 범위가 되어야 한다. 왜냐하면 우리는 문화기술을 통해 구현된 콘텐츠를 기존의 문화적 의미체계를 통해 받아들일 수밖에 없으며, 급격한 기술혁명이 가져온 혁신도 소비자가 종속된 사회와 문화를 배제하고 그 자체만으로 존재할 가능성은 희박하기 때문이다. 따라서 CT R&D의 성과평가는 기술의 경제적 효율성을 평가하는 것도 중요하지만 기술이 실질적으로 콘텐츠에 활용되고 장기적인 관점에서 콘텐츠가 사회·문화적으로 확산되는 파급 효과를 평가할 수 있는 문화적 지표들도 기존 평가 체계에서 추가되어야 한다. 본 연구는 CT R&D 성과 평가를 개선함에 있어 문화적 특성에 주목하여 논의하고자 한다. 즉 문화적 영역의 평가 지표와 척도를 개발하여 기존의 성과평가가 지닌 한계를 보완함으로써 CT R&D 사업의 효율성을 극대화하는 것이 본 연구의 주된 연구 문제이다. 본 연구는 이를 문화적 관점에서 문화기술이 활용되고 있는 콘텐츠를 중심으로 평가 지표와 척도를 제시하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 성과 평가 체계를 기술·경제·문화적 영역으로 구분하였으며 특히 문화적 영역의 경우는 장기적인 사회·문화적 파급효과를 측정할 수 있는 정성적 지표와 척도를 제시하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 CT R&D 성과평가가 이전과는 다른 문화적 영역의 평가 항목들이 중요한 요소임을 논의하고 있으며, 문화적 효과를 평가하는 것이 결국에는 CT R&D 성과를 극대화할 수 있는 매우 중요한 요소임을 밝히고 있다. CT R&D business is still in an insufficient situation compared to other industries despite constant support over acceleration of contents convergence as foundation of future economic growth. The reasons of the insufficient situation come from diverse causes, like inconsistent annual performance assessment due to an absence of CT R&D business’ long-term management system and standardized performance assessment. Maladapted concept of CT which is fused with culture and technology to the assessment can be another reason as well. Especially, technology·economic-centric CT R&D’s performance assessment is tend to regard economical effectiveness of technology as important rather than considering social·cultural implication. CT R&D’s performance assessment must extend it’s target of evaluation to not only technological aspects but also to the cultural aspect like contents area where technology is practically being used and consumers actually use them. Therefore, CT R&D performance assessment is not only important to assess economical effectiveness of technology but cultural index that evaluates social·cultural ripple effect on a long term aspect should be added to existing evaluation system. Since people accept cultural meaning system through the established contents by cultural technology, it is very rare that those radical technological revolution does exist without the society and culture that consumers belong to. This research is to discuss about the improvement of CT R&D’s performance assessment focusing on cultural attribute. In other words, the main issue of this research is to maximize CT R&D business’s effectiveness by designing evaluation index so can supplement the limit of existing performance assessment. Through the research, an evaluation index and a measure is suggested mainly with the contents that are applied with cultural technology. Suggested performance assessment system in this paper is divided into technological·economical·cultural sectors. Especially, qualitative index and measure is suggested in the cultural sector to assess social·cultural ripple effect in a long term. Through all these argues, this research emphasizes the importance of cultural sector’s evaluation items other than previous CT R&D performance assessment items and assessing the cultural effect is the most important element to maximize CT R&D performance after all.

미디어 문화교육을 위한 문화기호학적 방법론

백승국 청주대학교 학술연구소 2005 淸大學術論集 Vol.3 No.S

The affective characteristics such as scientific attitudes, interests has been emphasized as one of the most important aims of media education and cultural content. To improve these affective aims, we apply the methode semiotic for media literacy. The semiotic tool can give the students for competence analysis of cultural content. The methode semiotic makes the students familiar with cultural content and think it positively. As a resultat, the students may have the media literacy more and more in web cultural content. This study aimed to review the methode semiotic and cultural content of media literacy.

[가솔린엔진] GDI 엔진용 고압 직분식 선회 연료 분사기의 개발

백승국(Seing-kook Baik),최승연(Seung-yeon Choi),이동률(Dong-ryul Lee),윤수현(Su-hyun Yoon),강경근(Kyeong-kyun Kang),김주영(Joo-young Kim),최상민(Sang-min Choi) 한국자동차공학회 1999 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Nowadays, to improve the exhaust emission and fuel consumption for passenger cars are required in SI engines, therefore Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI) system was spotlighted to solve the above requirements. GDI system meets low fuel consumption and it takes particularly effect for Ultra Low Emission Vehicle(ULEV). GDI system needs high injection pressure, smaller particle size, good spray characteristic, wide dynamic range and stability for high temperature. KEFICO has been interested in the development for High pressure Direct Swirl Injector(HDSI) as specialist about Engine Management System(EMS). In this study, it was described the spray characteristics of HDSI which had Mean Droplet Size with 20-30 μ m, 50 spray angle and more wide dynamic flow range than low pressure Injector

Screening of Esophageal Varices: Performance of Baveno Criteria with Shear-Wave Elastography in Patients with Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease

( Seong Hee Kang ),( Seung Kook Cho ),( Seungheon Kang ),( Shin Myung Kang ),( Hohyun Park ),( Soon Koo Baik ),( Moon Young Kim ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Baveno VI and extended Baveno VI criteria have been proposed to avoid screening endoscopies. However, this approach has not been validated in the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography (SWE). In this study, we aimed to validate these criteria in patients with SWE, also considering potential differences in predictable value with transient elastograpy (TE) and SWE. Methods: We evaluated in 526 patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) was defined by liver stiffness (LS) measurement ≥10kPa, Child-Pugh class A and no prior liver decompensation. LS was obtained by TE (FibroScan, Echosense) or 2D-SWE (APLIO 500, Toshiba). Baveno VI (LS< 20 and PLT >150,000) and extended Baveno VI (LSM< 25 and PLT >110,000) criteria were tested. Results: Any grade EV were found in 22.2% of the patients with cACLD, while VNT in 18.6%. Two hundred sixty-two patients had LSM by TE, 305 patients by 2D-SWE. In the subgroup of 262 patients with TE, Baveno VI and Baveno VI extended criteria spared 21.6% and 37.1% of endoscopy, missing 7.1% and 12.5% of VNT, respectively. We identified as the best thresholds for rule-out presence of EV, LSM<23.3 kPa and high risk EV, LSM<25.2 kPa for TE. In the subgroup of 305 patients with 2D-SWE, Baveno VI and Baveno VI extended criteria spared 38.7% and 60.0% of endoscopy, missing 5.9% and 9.8% of VNT, reflecting better diagnostic performance than TE. In this subgroup for SWE, we identified as the best thresholds for rule-out presence of EV, LSM<16.5 kPa and high risk EV, LSM<17.2 kPa. For predicting EV, AUROC of SWE was higher than that of TE (0.791 vs. 0.744). Conclusions: The Baveno VI and Baveno VI extended criteria with 2D-SWE spare more endoscopies than with TE with a minimal risk of missing VNT in patients with cACLD.