A Highly Integrated Triple-Band RF Front-End Module for WiMAX Applications

KIM, Dongsu,KIM, Dong Ho,RYU, Jong In,PARK, Chong-Dae,KIM, Jun Chul,PARK, Jong Chul The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2010 IEICE transactions on electronics Vol.93 No.8

<P>This paper presents a compact and highly integrated triple-band RF front-end module (FEM) for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications using multilayer low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. The proposed RF FEM is composed of a TX triplexer, an RX triplexer, and a TX/RX switch. Both TX and RX triplexers are fully embedded in an LTCC substrate and the TX/RX switch is placed on the substrate. The TX triplexer consists of 2- and 5-GHz lowpass filters, a 3-GHz highpass filter, and a matching circuit. On the other hand, the RX triplexer consists of miniaturized 2-, 3-, 5-GHz coupled-resonator bandpass filters and a matching circuit, which are stacked up for space saving. In TX path, the RF FEM provides an insertion loss of 1.8dB, 2.1dB and 2.5dB at 2-, 3-, and 5-GHz band, respectively, with a high second-harmonic suppression characteristic. In RX path, the RF FEM also provides a low insertion loss at three passbands with high attenuation at other passbands. The size of the proposed RF FEM is only 4.0mm × 5.0mm with a substrate thickness of 0.73mm. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.</P>

Direct observation of the formation of DNA triplexes by single-molecule FRET measurements

Lee, Il Buem,Lee, Ja Yil,Lee, Nam-Kyung,Hong, Seok-Cheol Elsevier 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this report we investigated the effects of various biological and chemical factors (DNA sequence, pH, ions, and molecularity) on the formation of DNA triplexes through single-molecule FRET technique. Using this method, we determined how the third strand bound to a DNA duplex and how stable the triplex structure was under various conditions. From this study, we not only verified a variety of well-known features of DNA triplex but also discovered or experimentally supported several interesting behaviors: at neutral pH, a pyrimidine-motif triplex can be formed; the parallel arrangement was not only possible but also dominant over the antiparallel arrangement for a purine-motif triplex. We demonstrated that our method is a versatile analytical tool in studying structural aspects of nucleic acids, particularly non-classical DNA structures, and provides insights into physical mechanism of such structures.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Direct determination of the strand arrangements in DNA triplexes. ► Monitoring dynamic structural transition of DNA triplexes <I>in situ</I>. ► Stable formation of the pyrimidine-motif DNA triplex at neutral pH condition. ► Dominance of the parallel purine-motif triplex over the antiparallel counterpart.</P>

Methylase를 사용한 Escherichia coli에서 Triplex 존재에 관한 연구

임향숙,김성조,강성만,Rhim, Hyangshuk,Kim, Sungjo,Kang, Seongman 한국미생물학회 1998 미생물학회지 Vol.34 No.4

Escherichia coli 세포에서 intramolecular triplex가 형성될 수 있는지를 조사하기 위하여 genetic assay를 도입하였다. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis 방법을 사용하여 $(G)_9AATTC(G)_9$ 혹은 $(GAA)_9TTC(GAA)_8$ sequences가 in vitro에서 intramolecular triplex 구조를 형성하는 것을 확인하였다. Genetic assay를 위하여 temperature-sensitive EcoRI methylase 유전자를 포함한 플라스미드와 triplex를 형성할 수 있는 $(G)_9AATTC(G)_9$ 혹은 $(GAA)_9TTC(GAA)_8$ sequences를 포함한 플라스미드로 E. coli를 cotransform 하였다. EcoRI methylase가 발현되는 permissive temperature에서 pur pyr sequences를 포함하는 플라스미드는 EcoRI methylase 작용에 kinetically 저항성을 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 pur pyr sequence들이 EcoRI methylase가 작용하기 어려운 triplex 구조를 E. coli 세포에서 형성한다는 것을 증거한다. We have introduced a genetic assay to study the existence of intramolecular triplexes in Escherichia coli. A plasmid containing the gene that encodes a temperature-sensitive EcoRI methylase was cotransformed with different plasmids containing inserts, $(G)_9AATTC(G)_9$ and $(GAA)_9TTC(GAA)_8$, that are able to form intramolecular triplexes in vitro. Inhibition of methylation in vivo was found for $(G)_9AATTC(G)_9$ and $(GAA)_9TTC(GAA)_8$, suggesting that the pur pyr sequences adopt unusual strucures in E. coli. In addition, experiments using two dimensional gel electrophoresis confirmed that intramolecular triplexes are formed for the pur pyr sequences under negative supercoiling. These results demonstrate the existence of intramolecular triplexes in E. coli.

MBS 방법으로 제작한 집적형 Triplexer의 광학 설계

윤현재,김종혁,Yoon, Hyun-Jae,Kim, Jong-Hyuk 한국광학회 2011 한국광학회지 Vol.22 No.4

본 논문에서는 FTTH(fiber to the home) 망에 사용되는 $1.55{\mu}m$ 파장의 아날로그 신호 수신과 $1.31{\mu}m/1.49{\mu}m$ 파장의 디지털 신호 송, 수신이 가능한 집적형 Triplexer를 설계하였다. 이 집적형 Triplexer는 세라믹 재질로 정밀 제작한 서브마운트, 레이저 다이오드 홀더, 포토다이오드 홀더를 이용하여 마이크로 볼렌즈, WDM 필터, FP-LD, PIN-PD 등 광부품을 광 축에 자동으로 정렬시키는 micro block stacking 방법으로 제작 가능한 구조로 설계하였으며 code V 소프트웨어를 이용하여 각 부품의 제작 공차와 조립 공차에 따른 초점의 위치 변위를 분석하였다. 공차 분석 결과 송신부에서 초점의 위치 변화에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것은 LD spot의 위치 변위로 x, y, z 방향으로 각각 ${\pm}25{\mu}m$, ${\pm}25{\mu}m$, ${\pm}30{\mu}m$ 움직였을 때 초점이 최대 $72{\mu}m$ 이동하였으며 수신부의 경우 0.8mm 볼렌즈(아날로그 신호 수신부)와 마이크로 볼 렌즈(디지털 신호 수신부) 위치 변화가 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었으며 디지털 신호 수신부의 경우 마이크로 볼 렌즈가 x, y, z 방향으로 각각 ${\pm}55{\mu}m$, ${\pm}5{\mu}m$, ${\pm}55{\mu}m$ 움직였을 때 초점이 최대 $55{\mu}m$ 이동하였다. In this paper, we have designed an integrated triplexer which is the basic component for a FTTH(Fiber To The Home) system which can transmit CATV and voice/data at the same time in a single fiber. The integrated triplexer can be fabricated with a novel technique of "Micro-Block Stacking (MBS)" method which automatically aligns the optical components in the optical beam pass using accurate ceramic holders. We analyze the displacement of the optical focus according to the tolerances of the component dimensions and the assembly process using code V simulator. For the transmitter, the most serious shift of the focal points is caused by the displacements of the LD spot. So the focal point moves up to $72{\mu}m$ from the center point for ${\pm}25{\mu}m$, ${\pm}25{\mu}m$, ${\pm}30{\mu}m$ displacements. For the receiver the most serious shift of the focal points is caused by the displacements of a 0.8mm ball lens (for the analog receiving part) and a micro ball lens (for the digital receiving part), and the focal point moves up to $55{\mu}$ for ${\pm}55{\mu}m$, ${\pm}5{\mu}m$, ${\pm}55{\mu}m$ micro ball lens displacements.

Micro-block Stacking 방법으로 제작한 집적형 Triplexer 제작 및 특성 측정

윤현재,김진원,Yoon, Hyun-Jae,Kim, Jin-Won 한국광학회 2012 한국광학회지 Vol.23 No.5

본 논문에서는 정밀 세라믹 부품을 이용한 MBS(Micro-Block Stacking) 방법으로 1550 nm 파장의 아날로그 신호 수신과 1310nm/1490nm 파장의 디지털 신호 송, 수신이 가능한 8 pin mini DIL 형태의 집적형 Triplexer를 제작하였다. 제작된 전체 어셈블리는 $5.40mm{\times}2.15mm{\times}1.05mm$ 크기로 통신용 광모듈 국제 표준인 MSA(Multi Source Agreement) 규격의 SFP(Small Form Pluggable) 광모듈 제작이 가능하다. 자동 능동 광정렬 장비를 사용하여 제작된 집적형 Triplexer를 단일모드 광섬유에 광정렬하였을 때, 1310 nm 송신부 최대 광출력이 -14.5 dBm이었고, 송신부에 의하여 위치가 자동 정렬된 1550 nm와 1490 nm 수신부 수신감도는 각각 0.83 A/W, 0.73 A/W로 단거리 통신에 적용 가능한 값을 얻었다. In this paper, we have fabricated by means of the "Micro-Block Stacking (MBS)" method the 8 pin mini DIL integrated Triplexer, which can transmit CATV and voice/data at the same time in a single fiber. Our MBS technique is a novel scheme of compact optical module packaging which secures precision positioning of the components on the optical beam path by prefixed stacks of ceramic blocks. The subassembly in which a laser diode, two receiver photodiodes, two WDM filters, and four micro lenses are integrated is only $5.40mm{\times}2.15mm{\times}1.05mm$ in size. As the Triplexer is aligned to the single mode fiber, the transmitter power of -14.5 dBm and the receiver sensitivities of 0.83 A/W, 0.73 A/W for 1550 nm, 1490 nm, respectively are obtained.

Direct observation of the formation of DNA triplexes by single-molecule FRET measurements

이일범,이자일,이남경,홍석철 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.4

In this report we investigated the effects of various biological and chemical factors (DNA sequence, pH,ions, and molecularity) on the formation of DNA triplexes through single-molecule FRET technique. Using this method, we determined how the third strand bound to a DNA duplex and how stable the triplex structure was under various conditions. From this study, we not only verified a variety of well-known features of DNA triplex but also discovered or experimentally supported several interesting behaviors:at neutral pH, a pyrimidine-motif triplex can be formed; the parallel arrangement was not only possible but also dominant over the antiparallel arrangement for a purine-motif triplex. We demonstrated that our method is a versatile analytical tool in studying structural aspects of nucleic acids, particularly nonclassical DNA structures, and provides insights into physical mechanism of such structures.

『그라두알레 트리플렉스』(Graduale Triplex) 사순 시기 영성체송 분석에 의한 『가톨릭 성가』 선곡 방안

이정순 한국인간과자연학회 2023 인간과자연 Vol.4 No.1

Mass in the Catholic Church consists of the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist. The Communion Antiphon is a song that is sung while receiving Communion, the most important moment in the Eucharistic liturgy. The proper text of the Communion Antiphon reminds us of the key words of the Liturgy of the Word that day. However, at present, the proper text of the Communion Antiphon remains as a sentence, and instead, the Communion song for common times is sung. The limited classification of hymnals and the standardized selection of songs made songs with proper texts hidden. The purpose of this study is to actively help believers sing joyfully, reflecting on the message of the Word of the day by selecting a chant suitable for the proper text of the Communion Antiphon in the liturgy of the Mass. The scope of the study is the proper text of the Communion Antiphon during Lent. The research method is to analyze and utilize the sources of the 11 Communion Antiphons of the Gregorian chant in the 『Graduale Triplex』 and select appropriate songs from the 『Catholic Chant』. Among 『Catholic chant』, 8 songs that matched the proper text were selected. In addition, 15 related songs were selected, such as the lyrics of the proper text, the same liturgical meaning, and the words of the psalms in the Communion. The sources of the Communion Antiphons during Lent are 9 Gospels and 2 Psalms. Looking at the source of the word until the time of resurrection, 1 first reading and 2 second readings are included. The organic relationship between the various sources of the proper text and the liturgical text gave elasticity to the scope of application. One of the four new proper text was changed from the psalms to the gospel, and three songs were changed within the gospel, all of which developed into more specific and active gospel messages. As a result of the research, there were far more songs suitable for the proper text than expected. The richness of the Catholic Hymnal, which was made with the devotion of many people over a long period of time, was revealed. In order to further reveal the true value of Catholic hymnal, it is necessary to supplement the classification of hymnal and the information on the sources of words in more detail. In addition, if we refrain from a uniform selection of songs and select songs based on liturgical texts, the light of the Word and the joy of praise will be doubled. This is because the essence of liturgical chant lies in the Words and prayers. Therefore, the meticulous use of Catholic hymnal is a way to faithfully follow both the spirit of the <Gregorian Chant>, which is entirely centered on the Word, and the <Liturgical Charter>, which focuses on congregational praise. As a follow-up work, I plan to select songs that make use of the proper text of the Communion Antiphons of all liturgical seasons. It is hoped that this study will awaken the importance of the proper text and selection of the Communion Antiphon, and that the proper texts of the Communion Antiphon, which are not found in the Catholic hymnal, will be born as an easy and gracious chant for the congregation. 가톨릭 교회의 미사는 말씀 전례와 성찬 전례로 구성된다. 영성체송은 성찬 전례 중 가장 중요한 순간인 성체를 영할 때 부르는 노래이다. 영성체송의 고유문은 그날 말씀 전례 중 핵심 말씀을 상기시켜준다. 그러나 현재 영성체송 고유문은 문장으로 남아 있고, 대신에 주로 공통시기용 성체 성가를 부르고 있다. 성가집의 제한된 분류와 정형화된 선곡은 고유문이 담긴 노래를 잠자고 숨어있게 만들었다. 본 연구의 목적은 미사 전례 안에서 영성체송 고유문에 맞는 성가를 선곡함으로써 신자들이 그날 말씀 메시지를 되새기며 기쁘게 노래하도록 적극적으로 돕는 것이다. 본 연구의 범위는 사순시기 영성체송 고유문이다. 연구의 방법으로는 『그라두알레 트리플렉스』에 있는 그레고리오 성가의 영성체송 11곡의 말씀 출처를 분석하고 활용하여 『가톨릭 성가』에서 적합한 곡을 선곡하는 것이다. 『가톨릭 성가』중에서 고유문과 일치하는 8곡을 선곡하였다. 그 외에도 고유문의 비슷한 가사나, 전례적 의미가 같거나 , 영성체송 시편 말씀 등 연관되는 15곡을 선곡하였다. 사순시기 영성체송의 말씀 출처는 복음이 9곡, 시편이 2곡이다. 부활시기까지 말씀 출처를 살펴보면 제1독서 1곡과 제2독서 2곡이 포함되어 있다. 고유문의 다양한 출처와 전례문간의 유기적인 관계는 활용 범위에도 탄력성을 주었다. 새로 바뀐 고유문 4곡 중 한 곡은 시편에서 복음으로, 세 곡은 복음 안에서 바뀌었는데, 더 구체적이고 능동적인 복음 메시지로 발전했다. 연구 결과는 고유문과 일치하는 곡이 예상 보다 많았다. 오랜 세월 많은 이들의 정성으로 이루어진 가톨릭 성가집의 풍요로움이 드러났다. 가톨릭 성가집의 진가가 더욱 드러나기 위해 성가집 분류와 말씀 출처에 대한 정보가 더 구체적으로 보완될 필요가 있다. 또한 획일적인 선곡을 지양하고 전례문을 살린 선곡을 한다면 말씀의 빛과 찬미의 기쁨은 배가 될 것이다. 전례 성가의 본질은 말씀과 기도문에 있기 때문이다. 그러므로 가톨릭 성가집을 꼼꼼히 활용하는 것은 전적으로 말씀이 중심인 <그레고리오성가>와 회중 찬양을 중시하는 <전례 헌장>의 정신을 모두 충실히 따르는 길이다. 후속 작업으로 모든 전례 시기의 영성체송 고유문을 반영한 선곡을 할 것이다. 본 연구가 고유문과 선곡의 중요성을 새로 인식하게 하고, 가톨릭 성가집에 없는 영성체송 고유문들은 회중들에게 쉽고 은혜로운 성가로 태어나길 기대한다

Binding Geometry of Free Base and Mn(III)meso-Tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin to Various Duplex and Triplex DNAs

성기웅,신종헌,김래영,장명덕,한성욱,이동진,조태섭 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.2

The binding mode of free base and Mn(III)meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP and MnTMPyP) to various duplex and triplex synthetic polynucleotides was investigated by polarized light spectroscopy, specifically circular and linear dichroism (CD and LD) spectroscopy. Both TMPyP and MnTMPyP produced a similar positive CD spectrum in the Soret absorption region when bound to poly(dA)·poly(dT) duplex and poly(dA)·[poly(dT)]2 triplex. Considering that the third poly(dT) strand blocks the major groove, this result suggested that both porphyrins bound near the minor groove where the axial ligands of the central Mn(III) ion did not affect the binding mode. In contrast, TMPyP intercalated and MnTMPyP bound the exterior of poly(dG)·poly(dC) and poly(dI)·poly(dC) duplexes, as judged from the negative and positive CD signals, respectively. The CD signals for both intercalated TMPyP and externally bound MnTMPyP were greatly altered when bound to poly(dG)·poly(dC)·poly(dC)+ and poly(dI)·poly(dC)·poly(dC)+ triplexes, indicating that the binding modes of both porphyrins were affected by the presence of the third strand, poly(dC)+, which contrasted with the AT polynucleotides. This observation supported the conclusion that the external binding site of MnTMPyP at the GC and IC duplexes is the major groove. The reduced LD spectrum indicated that the angles of the two electric transition moments of both TMPyP and MnTMPyP in the Soret absorption region were 57° and 65° with respect to the local DNA helix axis when bound to the poly(dA)·[poly(dT)]2 triplex. On the other hand, a strong, wavelength-dependent reduced LD was observed in the Soret region for both porphyrins when associated with CGC triplex, and the excessive tilt degree prevented any reasonable calculation of the angles.

Analysis of the Christocentric Message in the Fourfold Gospel for Evangelizing College Students -A Reconsideration of the Munus Triplex in the Fourfold Gospel from Karl Barth’s Perspective -

오성욱 ( Sung Wook Oh ) 한국대학선교학회 2018 대학과 선교 Vol.36 No.-

본 논문은 19세기 미국의 급진적 성결운동의 흐름이 일본을 경유하여 한국에서 사중복음이라는 이름으로 사역을 전개하면서 놀라운 부흥을 경험한 성결교회가 전도표제와 신학으로 중시하고 있는 사중복음에 관한 기독론적 일고이다. 특히, 사중복음이 품고 있는 기독론 중심적 메시지 속에 녹아있는 그리스도의 삼중직에 관하여 세밀하게 탐구하고 있다. 필자는 사중복음에 나타난 그리스도의 삼중직을 해명함에 있어서, 최인식의 제안을 수용하여 중생과 성결을 그리스도의 제사장직으로, 신유를 그리스도의 왕직으로, 그리고 재림을 그리스도의 선지자 직으로 해석했다. 더 나아가서 그리스도의 제자장직을 통해 중생과 성결을 체험한 성도들은 오순절 성령을 통하여 새로운 존재가 되며, 그리스도의 왕직을 통해 신유를 경험한 성도들은 그리스도의 사랑과 공의로 세상을 다스리는 왕의 자녀가 되고, 그리스도의 선지자 직을 통해서 임박한 재림의 기대 앞에 선 성도들은 사도적 증언자들로 세상을 향해 하나님의 공의와 심판을 외치는 자들이 된다고 주장한다. 이러한 해석을 근거로 하여, 본 논문은 사중복음과 칼 바르트 사이의 기독론적 대화의 가능성을 열어 놓고 있다. 사중복음은 기독교대한성결교회라는 교단의 전도표제와 신학이다. 그런데 본 논문은 전도표제와 신학으로서 사중복음에 대한 기독론적 분석을 통해, 대학생들이 캠퍼스 전도에서 실제적으로 사용하고 적용할 수 있는 기독론 중심적 전도 메시지를 제시하려는데 그 의의가 있다고 본다. 캠퍼스 전도가 점점 어려워지고 있는 현실에서, 강력한 기독론 중심적 메시지를 충분히 숙지하는 것은 매우 필요하리라 사료된다. This thesis is aiming at the investigation into the Christology of the Fourfold Gospel Theology in the Korean Evangelical Holiness Church whose theological roots are traced back to the Wesleyan-Holiness tradition in the 19^th American revival era. The Christocentric message of the Fourfold Gospel has played a revival role of the KEHC, and the KEHC has understood Jesus Christ from the perspective of Munus Triplex. In this thesis, regeneration and sanctification are related to Christ’s office of the Priest, Healing is connected to the Christ’s office of the King, and finally, the second coming is correlated with Christ’s office of the Prophet. Within this threefold structure of Christ’s office, the believer in the Fourfold Gospel becomes a new being possessed by the Pentecostal Spirit, a child of the King, and an apostolic witness of the eschatological Prophet. This understanding of the Munus Triplex in the Fourfold Gospel can be ex-pected to form a Christological dialogue between the Fourfold Gospel and Karl Barth. The Fourfold Gospel as one of the mottos for evangelizational catch phrases belongs to the Korean Evangelical Holiness Church. Beyond this de-nomination, however, this paper suggests that the Fourfold Gospel can play an important role of evangelization for college students because it is based on the strong Christocentric message.

Pharmacokinetics of 111In-labeled Triplex-forming Oligonucleotide Targeting Human N-myc Gene

Jae Gol Choe,Meyoung-Kon Kim,Eun Jung Oh,Eun Jeong Yoon,손정원,Min Kyu Park,Gil Hong Park 한국분자세포생물학회 2002 Molecules and cells Vol.14 No.1