'종의 기원' 영어 번역의 서술 문체 분석 : 번역가 개입과 그 영향

신혜정 세명대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2024 人文 社會科學硏究 Vol.32 No.1

· 연구 주제: 종의 기원 영어 번역 The Good Son의 번역가 개입 양상 분석· 연구 배경: 해외에서 번역가로 이름을 알린 김지영(Chi-Young Kim)의 원문 변이 한-영 번역 전략이 종의 기원 의 번역에서도 동일하게 나타나는지, 치밀한 심리묘사로 독자를 사로잡는 원문의 매력이 원문 생략 및 변형의 번역 패턴을 보이는 김지영의 손에서 어떻게 구현되는지 탐구· 선행연구와의 차이점: 원문과 번역문 비교를 통한 차이점 지적에 그치지 않고 원문 문체 특성을 살리는 대안 번역을 제시함. 화법과 양태 중 한 가지 요소만 분석한 기존 연구와 달리, 추리소설 장르 특성을 고려하여 독자 경험에 영향을 미치는 문체 요소인 화법과 양태의 번역 양상을 종합 분석함· 연구방법: 원문의 서술 문체 기법을 파악하고 번역문에 사용된 문체 기법과 원문 문체 효과의 재현 여부를 살펴보기 위해 원문-번역문 일대일 텍스트 비교 분석을 함. 인식양태 의미 전달, 사용한 화법에 따른 의미 및 효과 차이를 분석함· 연구결과: 한-영 번역 시 원문의 생략 및 변형이 일어나는 김지영의 번역 패턴이 확인됨. The Good Son에서 나타나는 생략과 변형은 문체 효과 면에서, 심리묘사가 뛰어난 종의 기원 의 원문 독자와 번역문 독자의 독자 경험에 차이 야기· 공헌점 및 기대효과: 영미권 독자 수용을 고려해 가독성이 우선되는 한-영 문학번역에서 문체 효과 재현을 위한 번역이 가능함을 보이고 실제 번역 방법을 제시함. 향후 한국문학을 영어로 번역하는 번역가들이 고민해야 할 점과 미래에 취할 수 있는 발전 방향 제시 · Research topics: Patterns of translator intervention in The Good Son (the English translation of Chŏng Yuchŏng’s Chongŭi Kiwŏn) · Research background: This study examines the translation strategy of Chi-Young Kim in The Good Son and investigates how her usual patterns of modifying the original text affect the rendering of the original’s emotionally powerful grip on the reader. · Differences from prior research: Unlike previous studies that only focused on one component of narrative-stylistic elements, this study analyzes epistemic modality and speech and thought presentation, which are stylistic features that affect the reader experience, taking into account the characteristics of the thriller/mystery novel genre. · Research method: A comparative text analysis of the original text and the translated text is conducted to examine whether the original’s meaning and stylistic effects are maintained in the translation. The translator’s use of epistemic modality and speech and thought presentation are analyzed. · Research results: Chi-Young Kim’s translation pattern of omission and modification is confirmed concerning the use of epistemic modality and speech and thought presentation. Due to these changes, the “feel” of the text that is conveyed to the target reader is quite different from the one that Chŏng Yuchŏng intends for the reader of Chongŭi Kiwŏn. · Contribution points and expected effects: This study suggests possible solutions for translating styles in Korean-English literary translation and points out issues to consider for translators of Korean literature.

자막번역과 그 경계 및 텍스트* -번역가의 개입 중심으로-

박윤철 한국통번역교육학회 2012 통번역교육연구 Vol.10 No.3

We get a lot of information through movies and it makes some influences on our lives. This paper has examined English-Korean subtitle texts from the films, The Amazing Spider-man(2012) and Marvel(2012) and has purpose on translation in target subtitle texts by the translator's intervention. As a result of their analyses, some words and phrases from source texts are transferred in forms of similar meaning words to target texts. Furthermore, they are selected as proper expressions, depending on utterance contexts of actors and image situations in films. This shows that the translator selects the high cognitive words or phrases, relevant to contexts and screen images. But in practical subtitle translations, the translator's intervention mainly works weak and in a necessary case, turn some expressions into easily understandable ones. Subtitle texts like general translations have textuality and image information. These encourage the translator to have an opportunity to intervene in subtitle translation. However, we don't know exactly how the translator intervenes in translation. Only there is some probability on language change phenomena in subtitle translation of the target text. It may be the translator's language act.

북한 작가 반디의 『고발』 영역본을 통해 본 번역가의 가시성

이동해,성승은 한국번역학회 2020 번역학연구 Vol.21 No.2

This study explores the translator’s visibility in The Accusation, the translation of a work by a writer with the pseudonym of Bandi, who currently lives in North Korea. Consisting of seven short stories of ordinary North Koreans, the source text has received keen interest around the world as only the manuscript was smuggled out to the world. The translator of this novel, Deborah Smith, is generally known for her focus on readability and effect on the readers vis-a-vis faithfulness to the source text. This implies a certain level of translation shifts can be found in the translation as revealed in previous studies. Moreover, since so little is known about North Korea, some kind of translator intervention is deemed inevitable. These render the text a good example to track down the translator’s visibility. The translator’s visibility is defined in this study as the translator intervention in content as a result of repeated patterns of translation shifts. The translator’s visibility is explored by comparing the source and target texts to observe repeated translation shifts, which are labelled translator intervention. The text analysis is then cross-checked with the translator’s paratexts—interviews and other written contributions. The results revealed the translator’s visibility on three points: emphasizing poverty in North Korea, explicating character images, and generalizing cultural references. This study also suggests a simple classification framework to identify translation shifts in target texts, which can be used for wider purposes such as observing translation strategies or translator style.

한중번역에 나타나는 부사어 번역유형 고찰–황석영의 <삼포 가는 길> 중역본을 중심으로

신지언 중앙대학교 외국학연구소 2019 외국학연구 Vol.- No.50

The adverb of the original Korean was reviewed to see how it was translated into Chinese. Vocabulary is a universal ingredient in language, but it is translated into various forms according to the habits of language expression, meaning of context, and mathematical relation of components. This paper focused on the translation patterns of adverbs in the Korean and Chinese translations. The majority of cases in the analysis result translation is the same as in the original. However, when personality changes, sometimes meaning changes, also account for more than 40 percent. Except where these types of changes are omitted and disappear, they are as follows: It may be converted into a predicate element in a sentence, into a bore associated with a predicate, or into a tubular phrase of an object formula. As such, it is possible to produce translation results that sometimes change the meaning of the adverb components of the original text due to the autonomy given to the translators. The autonomy of translators is the right and duty given to not produce unnatural results, tied to formal equivalence. Translators implement a variety of translation methods to preserve meaning but to implement natural sentences. This paper looked at the various ways of translating the adverb, with a fraction of the translation result of the novel. Despite the fact that it is a certain ingredient, various aspects have emerged, and despite the various aspects, it shows a certain regularity that is centered around the predicate. Based on this, the causes of diversity and regularity can be found in the linguistic differences between the original and the translation. These considerations and results attempt to give a qualitative explanation of the changes before and after translation. Based on this, we expect that standards will be created for reference in translation learning and translation practice.

채식주의자 에 나타난 여성어의 영어번역과 러시아어번역 비교연구

김영신,최병근 한국통번역교육학회 2023 통번역교육연구 Vol.21 No.1

This study analyzed the translation patterns of women’s language in the English and Russian translations of the novel The Vegetarian. In terms of translating feminine reference terms, both the English and Russian translators actively intervened to bridge the cultural gaps and facilitate the reader's understanding. However, regarding feminine-related words, the translators' intervention was not as evident as in the translation of feminine reference terms. Both the English and Russian translators made subtle adjustments to aid the reader's overall comprehension. On the other hand, it was observed that the translation of feminine descriptive language tended to be more literal. The findings of the study indicates that while both translators actively intervened in the translation of feminine reference terms, the intervention was less evident in feminine-related words and feminine-descriptive words.

에니메이션 '짱구는 못말려'의 일-한 더빙 번역에 나타난 번역자의 개입- 코드(Code)와 적합성 이론(Relevance Theory)의 관점에서 -

정정림 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2008 통번역학연구 Vol.11 No.2

This study is to investigate to what extent a Japanese animated film (‘Crayon Shinchang') dubbed into Korean represents interventions by the translator, which means, adapting the target text as appropriate to the discourse conventions of the target viewers. It also aims to investigate the possibility of distortions of the messages conveyed in the source text by such interventions. The 'code theory' and the 'relevance theory', two significant theories of pragmatics, are used as the frames of reference for the investigation. As regards the procedure, this paper compares the dialogues in the original film in Japanese with the ones in the dubbed film and discusses cases of intervention by the translator and their motivations at varied levels.

『채식주의자』에 대한 데보라 스미스의 영어번역 어떻게 볼 것인가?

이인규(Lee, Inkyu) 한국번역학회 2017 번역학연구 Vol.18 No.3

This paper offers a critical examination of Deborah Smith’s The Vegetarian as a translation. Despite many favorable reviews and being awarded the Man Booker prize, Smith’s English translation of Han Kang’s 『채식주의자』 has provoked a controversy over its quality and unique translation strategy. Throughout the process of her translation, Smith quite often takes uncommon liberties, ‘flying’ as high over the original sentences as to almost recreate Han Kang’s novel in her own way. This ‘super-high-flying’ strategy, developed from her thoroughly reader-oriented view on translation, produces too many ‘high-flown’ transformations in terms of contents. These transformations mainly take three forms: content reconstruction, addition, and omission. All these result in serious distortions of the original content, which leads to an inevitable failure to faithfully reproduce the literary effects of the original work and therefore frustrates the target reader’s solid appreciation of the novel. In spite of its apparently high readability, Smith’s translation also has too many errors or misinterpretations. What these errors tell us is the fact that her knowledge of Korean language is yet on a pretty low level. This very lack of sufficient ability to understand Korean language, we may say with good reason, must have left her no other choice than to take the easy high-flying strategy of taking liberties from the original text. Smith’s translation has made quite an important contribution to raising the status of Korean literature in the world. All things considered, however, Smith’s The Vegetarian cannot be said to be a ‘good’ translation, and its many serious errors need to be corrected through a revised edition.

애니메이션 ‘짱구는 못말려’의 일-한 더빙 번역에 나타난 번역자의 개입 - 코드(Code)와 적합성 이론(Relevance Theory)의 관점에서

정정림 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2008 통번역학연구 Vol.11 No.2

Jung, Jung-rim. (2008). Translator's Intervention in Japanese-to-Korean Dubbing Translation for the “Crayon Shinchang", a Japanese Animated Film: From the Perspectives of Code and Relevance Theories. Interpreting and Translation Studies 11-2, pp. 119-133. This study is to investigate to what extent a Japanese animated film (‘Crayon Shinchang') dubbed into Korean represents interventions by the translator, which means, adapting the target text as appropriate to the discourse conventions of the target viewers. It also aims to investigate the possibility of distortions of the messages conveyed in the source text by such interventions. The 'code theory' and the 'relevance theory', two significant theories of pragmatics, are used as the frames of reference for the investigation. As regards the procedure, this paper compares the dialogues in the original film in Japanese with the ones in the dubbed film and discusses cases of intervention by the translator and their motivations at varied levels.

특수교육대상자의 행동중재 수립을 위한 생태학적 평가 국내적용을 위한 번안연구

김정민 한국정서행동장애학회 2016 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.32 No.4

The purpose of this study was to translate a variety of ecobehavioral assessment such as ACCESS, CISSAR, CASPER I-Ⅲ, ESCAPE, ESCRIBE, and MS-CISSAR. The five steps of translate were as follows, 2 sessions of English-Korean translation, 3 sessions of verifying the translation through a translation verification committee and checking on comprehensibility to produce a completed Korean version. Forty college students studying in the department of special education participated in checking the comprehensibility and 200 special educators were participated the validity of the translation. Reliabilities of the Korean version of the ecobehavioral assessment showed intermediate to high level. Internal consistency showed 0.970 in total, 0.951 for ecological variables, 0.908 for teacher variables, and 0.901 for student variables. According to the relation between whole-part, few variables were modified or deleted. 본 연구는 특수교육대상자의 행동중재 설립을 위한 다양한 코딩식 생태학적 평가도구(ACCESS, CISSAR, CASPER I-Ⅲ, ESCAPE, ESCRIBE, MS-CISSAR)의 국내적용을 위한 번안연구로, 번역은 총 5단계로 한글번역 1, 2차 번역, 번역 적합성 검증, 2회에 걸친 검증위원회, 한글 번역이해도 검증과 타당도 검증 단계를 걸쳐 약 49∼110개의 항목을 한글화하는 작업을 하였다. 번역 검증을 위해 영어전문가 1인, 전문업체 한 곳, 특수교육학 전공 교수 5인이 전문가로 참여하였으며, 이해도와 타당도 검증을 위해 특수교육학과 재학생 40명과 200명의 특수교사를 대상으로 설문지를 실시하였다. 생태학적 평가도구 번안에 있어서 단어자체보다는 한국의 교육환경에 맞게 번역하는 것에 주안점을 두었다. 분석결과 전체 문항에 대한 신뢰도는(Cronbach’ alpha) .970으로 높게 나타났으며, 전체-문항간 상관관계를 바탕으로 문항을 수정․삭제하였다. 신뢰도와 구성타당도 검사를 통해 시사점과 제한점을 바탕으로 국내적용을 위한 평가도구 활용을 도모하고자 하였다.

Validation of the Korean Suicide Intervention Response Inventory-2 Scale

Jongeun Lee,Sun Ju Chang 위기관리 이론과 실천 2016 Crisisonomy Vol.12 No.8

본 연구에서는 자살중재효과척도(SIRI-2)를 한국어로 번안하고 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 2, 3, 4학년 간호대학생 127명을 대상으로 신뢰도 분석을 진행하고 각 집단별 비교와 자살예방교육 실시전후를 비교하는 가설검증법으로 타당도를 평가하였다. 한국판 SIRI-2(K-SIRI-2)의 24개 모든 문항은 전문가에 의해 내용타당도가 확보되었으며, 신뢰도 검증 결과, 내적 일관성 계수 0.84, 검사-재검사 상관관계 r=0.98로 높은 신뢰도를 나타내었다. 2학년 학생집단과 4학년 학생집단 간의 그룹비교에서도 자살예방관련 교과과정을 더 많이 이수한 4학년 집단의 K-SIRI-2 점수가 유의하게 낮아(t=2.89, p=0.005), 분별타당도가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 자살예방교육인 「보고듣고말하기」 교육을 제공한 후 사전 점수와 사후 점수를 비교하는 가설검증 결과 교육 이후 K-SIRI-2 점수가 유의하게 낮아짐으로써, 구성타당도 역시 입증되었다. 이러한 결과는 K-SIRI-2가 국내에서 활용하기에 적합한 것을 의미하며, 추후 국내 여러 기관에서 시행되는 상담자를 대상으로 하는 자살중재 프로그램에 대한 교육 효과를 측정하는 데 널리 확장되어 사용될 수 있으리라 생각된다. This study validated the Korean version of the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory-2 (K-SIRI-2) scale which has been developed to measure counselling skills handling suicidal crisis. We evaluated internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and its construct validity of K-SIRI-2 using a forward-backward translation method. The data were collected from 127 nursing students in a nursing school. The coefficients of Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability were measured as 0.84 and 0.98, respectively. Discriminant validity showed a significant difference between the 2nd and 4th grade nursing students. Construct validity was also confirmed because the mean K-SIRI-2 score was significantly improved after the intervention. The findings demonstrate that K-SIRI-2 is an appropriate instrument to measure the effectiveness of suicidal intervention programs.