Effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of Leghorn layers

Fan Geng-Jen,Shih Bor-Ling,Lin Hui-Chiu,Lee Tzu Tai,Lee Churng-Faung,Lin Yih-Fwu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.3

Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers. Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloricisonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks. Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer’s acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups. Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers. Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers.Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks.Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer’s acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups.Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers.

Reproductive Performance of Breeds and Hybrid of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. with Special Reference to Egg Laying Rhythmicity

( Atul Kumar Sahaa ),( N. Suresh Kumara ),( Satadal Chakrbartya ),( Bharat Bhusan Patnaika ),( Sandeepta Kumar Nayakb ),( Subrata Royc ),( Bharat Bhushan Bindrooa ) 한국잠사학회 2013 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.26 No.1

The reproductive performance of multivoltine breed ``Nistari`` and bivoltine breeds as NB18, P5 and a bivoltine hybrid (NB18 x P5) of B. mori were studied in different seasons in terms of total number of eggs laid, unlaid and hatching efficiency of the laid eggs to critically assess the breeds / hybrid potentiality. The bivoltine hybrid showed better performance in all the seasons as compared to the breeds investigated, as expected due to possibility of hybrid vigour. Among the breeds, bivoltine P5 had a better egg laid performance in S1 (February - March), S2 (May - June) and S3 (September - October) seasons but with an increase in the number of unlaid eggs. The hatching percentage, although didn`t show any definitive trend, still suggested a marginal better performance in the hybrid. Most importantly, egg laying rhythmicity was studied by mating the female moth at 6.00 a.m. for 3½ hours, and subse- quently allowing the laying of eggs both under BOD condition (25 ± 1°C and 85 ± 5% RH) and at ambient temperature (23 - 28°C and 74.7 ± 5%) separately. Maximum (90%) egg laid occurred from 3.30 to 7.30 pm (i.e. 4 - 6 h after decoupling). Similar laying patterns were observed when females where mated at 12 noon and decoupled at 3.30 pm, revealing that late photoperiod and early scotoperiod were favourable for egg laying in case of multivoltine breed and bivoltine prefers late photoperiod for egg laying.

한국토종닭의 품종, 산란 연령 및 종란의 보관 기간이 부화 능력에 미치는 영향

최은식(Eun Sik Choi),손시환(Sea Hwan Sohn) 한국가금학회 2020 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.47 No.4

본 연구는 종계의 품종, 산란 연령 및 종란의 보관 기간이 부화 성적에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 자 한 것으로 한국토종닭인 재래황갈종, 토착레그혼종 및 토착로드종이 산란한 종란을 대상으로 산란 초기인 27∼29주령 때 수집한 종란과 산란 후기인 50∼52주령에 산란한 종란을 각각 3일, 7일 및 14일 보관 후 부화를 진행하였다. 조사 항목으로는 수정률, 부화율 및 배자발육중지율을 조사하고, 각 요인별 부화 성적을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 종계의 품종, 산란 연령 및 종란의 보관 기간이 독립적으로 혹은 복합적으로 부화 성적에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 종계의 품종에 따른 비교에서 토착로드종의 부화 성적이 가장 저조하였는데, 특히 이들이 산란 초기에 생산한 종란에서 초기 배자 사망률이 현저히 높게 나타났다. 산란 연령에 따른 부화 성적은 산란초기에 생산한 종란의 부화율이 산란 후기에 생산한 종란에 비해 높게 나타났는데, 초기 배자 사망률은 산란 초기의 종란에서, 후기 배자 사망률 및 사롱란의 비율은 산란 후기의 종란에서 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 종란의 보관 기간에 따른 부화 성적은 거의 대부분의 조사 항목에서 종란의 보관 기간이 길어질수록 부화 성적은 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 우수한 부화 성적을 얻기 위해서는 품종에 따른 각기 다른 부화 관리가 필요하며, 산란 후기에 생산된 종란의 이용은 피하고 종란의 보관 기간은 7일 이내로 짧게 하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. This study investigated the effects of breed, laying age, and egg storage period on hatching performance. Eggs were collected from early laying period (27 to 29 weeks old) and late laying period (50 to 52 weeks old) in Hwanggalsaek Jaeraejong, Korean Rhode Island Red, and Korean White Leghorn chicken breeds. Eggs laid for each period were stored for 3, 7 and 14 days and then hatched. Fertility, hatchability, and embryonic mortality were observed to determine the hatching performance. The results showed that hatching performance was affected by breed, laying age, and egg storage period with independently or interactively. The Korean Rhode Island Red breed had the lowest hatching performance. Hatchability and early embryonic mortality rate increased in early laying period eggs compared to the late laying period, but the late embryonic mortality rate increased in late laying period eggs. Additionally, hatching performance decreased as the egg storage period increased. Using breed-specific hatching management techniques, avoiding late laying period eggs, and shortening the egg storage period to seven days after laying may improve the hatching performance.

Genetic correlations between behavioural responses and performance traits in laying hens

Iwona Rozempolska-Rucinska,Grzegorz Zieba,Lucyna Kibala,Tomasz Prochniak,Marek Lukaszewicz 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate genetic correlations between the behavioural profile and performance in laying hens as an indirect answer to the question whether the observed behavioural responses are associated with increased levels of stress in these birds. Methods: The assessment of birds’ temperament was carried out using the novel objects test. The behavioural test was conducted in two successive generations comprising 9,483 Rhode Island White (RIW) birds (approx. 4,700 individuals per generation) and 4,326 Rhode Island Red (RIR) birds (approx. 2,100 individuals per generation). Based on the recorded responses, the birds were divided into two groups: a fearful profile (1,418 RIW hens and 580 RIR hens) and a brave/curious profile (8,065 RIW hens and 3,746 RIR hens). The birds were subjected to standard assessment of their performance traits, including SM, age at sexual maturity; ST, shell thickness; SG, egg specific gravity; EW, mean egg weight; IP, initial egg production; and HC, number of hatched chicks. The pedigree was three generations deep (including two behaviour-recorded generations). Estimation of the (co)variance components was performed with the Gibbs sampling method, which accounts for the discrete character of the behavioural profile denotation. Results: The analyses revealed negative correlations between the performance traits of the laying hens and the behavioural profile defined as fearful. In the group of fearful RIW birds, delayed sexual maturation (0.22) as well as a decrease in the initial egg production (–0.30), egg weight (–0.54), egg specific gravity (–0.331), shell thickness (–0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (–0.24) could be expected. These correlations were less pronounced in the RIR breed, in which the fearful birds exhibited a decline in hatchability (–0.37), egg specific gravity (–0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (–0.18). There were no correlations in the case of the other traits or they were positive but exhibited a substantial standard error, as for the egg weight. Conclusion: To sum up the results obtained, it can be noted that behavioural responses indicating fearfulness, i.e. escape, avoidance, and approach-avoidance may reflect negative emotions experienced by birds. The negative correlations with performance in the group of fearful hens may indirectly indicate a high level of stress in these birds, especially in the white-feathered birds, where stronger performance-fearfulness correlations were found. Fearful birds should be eliminated from breeding by inclusion of the behavioural profile in the selection criterion in the case of laying hens.

Reproductive Performance of Breeds and Hybrid of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. with Special Reference to Egg Laying Rhythmicity

Saha, Atul Kumar,Kumar, N. Suresh,Chakrbarty, Satadal,Patnaik, Bharat Bhusan,Nayak, Sandeepta Kumar,Roy, Subrata,Bindroo, Bharat Bhushan Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2013 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.26 No.1

The reproductive performance of multivoltine breed 'Nistari' and bivoltine breeds as NB18, P5 and a bivoltine hybrid (NB18 ${\times}$ P5) of B. mori were studied in different seasons in terms of total number of eggs laid, unlaid and hatching efficiency of the laid eggs to critically assess the breeds / hybrid potentiality. The bivoltine hybrid showed better performance in all the seasons as compared to the breeds investigated, as expected due to possibility of hybrid vigour. Among the breeds, bivoltine P5 had a better egg laid performance in S1 (February - March), S2 (May - June) and S3 (September - October) seasons but with an increase in the number of unlaid eggs. The hatching percentage, although didn't show any definitive trend, still suggested a marginal better performance in the hybrid. Most importantly, egg laying rhythmicity was studied by mating the female moth at 6.00 a.m. for $3{\frac{1}{2}}$ hours, and subsequently allowing the laying of eggs both under BOD condition ($25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $85{\pm}5%$ RH) and at ambient temperature ($23-28^{\circ}C$ and $74.7{\pm}5%$) separately. Maximum (90%) egg laid occurred from 3.30 to 7.30 pm (i.e. 4 - 6 h after decoupling). Similar laying patterns were observed when females where mated at 12 noon and decoupled at 3.30 pm, revealing that late photoperiod and early scotoperiod were favourable for egg laying in case of multivoltine breed and bivoltine prefers late photoperiod for egg laying.

Salmonella gallinarum에 대한 Lactobacillus, Medicinal Plants Extract, Essential Oil 급여가 산란계의 생산성, 맹장 내 미생물 균총, 조직중량 및 백혈구 조성에 미치는 영향

강환구(Hwan Ku Kang),박성복(Seong Bok Park),김현수(Hyun Soo Kim),전진주(Jin Joo Jeon),박기태(Ki-Tae Park),김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),홍의철(Eui Chul Hong),김상호(Sang Ho Kim) 한국가금학회 2018 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.45 No.3

본 시험은 Salmonella gallinarum에 대한 Lactobacillus, medicinal plants extract, essential oil 급여 시 산란계의 생산성, 맹장 내 미생물 균총, 조직중량 및 혈구 조성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 공시동물로 65주령 산란계(Hy-line brown) 총 100수를 공시하였고, 시험처리는 항생제 무첨가구(NC)와 항생제 첨가구(PC)를 대조구로 하였으며, 유산균 0.1% 첨가구(LB), 약용식물 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(MPE) 및 식물 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(EO)를 처리구로 두었다. 배치 후 1주일동안 시험 사료를 급여하고, 이후 Salmonella gallinarum을 경구투여하였다. 조사항목으로는 생산성, 맹장 내 미생물 균총, 조직중량 및 혈구 조성을 조사하였다. Salmonella gallinarum를 경구투여한 처리구와 투여하지 않은 처리구의 경우, Salmonella gallinarum를 경구투여한 처리구가 산란율, 1일 산란량 및 사료섭취량이 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 유산균(LB), 약용식물 추출물(MPE) 및 식물추출물(EO)을 급여하였을 때 약용식물 추출물(MPE)을 급여한 처리구가 대조구에 비해 다소 개선되었지만 처리구간의 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 맹장 내 미생물의 경우, Salmonella gallinarum을 경구투여하였을 때, Salmonella 수가 유의하게 증가하였으나(P<0.05), coliform bacteria 및 유산균 수에는 영향을 미치지 않았으며, Salmonella gallinarum과 유산균(LB), 약용식물 추출물(MPE), 및 식물추출물(EO) 사이의 상호작용도 나타나지 않았다. 조직중량에서도 Salmonella gallinarum 경구투여와 유산균(LB), 약용식물(MPE) 및 식물추출물(MPE) 첨가에 대한 통계적인 유의차는 없었고, 혈구 조성에서도 Salmonella gallinarum 경구투여와 유산균(LB), 약용식물 추출물(MPE) 및 식물추출물(EO) 첨가에 대한 유의차는 없었지만 각각 총 백혈구 수가 증가하는 경향을 보이기도 하였다. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus, medicinal plants extract, and essential oil on laying performance, cecal microflora, relative organic weight, leucocyte profiles in laying hens against Salmonella gallinarum. A total of 100 Hy-Line Brown laying hens of 65 weeks of age were assigned into 5 dietary treatments supplemented with no antibiotic (negative control), antibiotic (positive control), Lactobacillus 0.1% (LB), medicinal plants extract 100 ppm (MPE), herb extract 100 ppm (EO). After 7 days of treatment, the 20 hens in each treatment group were divided into challenge group (n=10) and non-challenge group (n=10) for oral administration of Salmonella gallinarums, and were maintained in the same dietary treatments for two additional weeks. Laying hens were selected 20 by each treatment, splitting up into oral Salmonella group and nontreated group. The feeding trial lasted for one weeks and Salmonella gallinarum was orally administered for two weeks. Egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio were calculated and cecal microflora, relative organ, and blood were collected at the end of experiment. Compared with the control, laying hens fed Lactobacillus, medical plant extract, and essential oil were not observed to change of laying performance. Salmonella count increased significantly when Salmonella gallinarum was orally administered (P<0.05) but coliform bacteria and Lactobacillus counts were not affected. The relative organs weight was not different in hens with oral administration of Salmonella gallinarum and also in hens fed Lactobacillus, medical plant extract, and essential oil. H/L ratio was not significantly different, but total leucocyte level was somewhat increased in the treatment with oral administration of Salmonella gallinarum and more leucocyte increased in laying hens fed Lactobacillus, medical plant extract, and essential oil than control.

The Effects of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on Cholesterol Metabolism, Egg Production and Quality Parameters during the Late Laying Periods in Hens

Lokhandea, Anushka,Ingale, S.L.,Lee, S.H.,Kim, J.S.,Lohakare, J.D.,Chae, B.J.,Kwon, I.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.6

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on egg-yolk and serum cholesterol, egg production and quality parameters during the late laying periods in hens. A total of 160 Hy-Line Brown layers (54 wk-old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatment groups on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 4 replicates with 10 birds each (40 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with cage size $35{\times}35{\times}40$ cm and each 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were; basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Experimental diets were fed in meal form for 56 d. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 reduced (linear, p<0.05) egg-yolk cholesterol and triglycerides (d 28, 42 and 56) concentrations. Also, serum cholesterol and triglycerides (d 21, 42 and 56) concentrations were linearly reduced (p<0.05) with increasing dietary R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Laying hens fed a diet supplemented with increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 had increased (linear; p<0.05) overall egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed efficiency. However, dietary treatments had no effect (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on feed intake of laying hens. At d 28 and 56, breaking strength and yolk colour of eggs were linearly improved (p<0.05) in laying hens fed dietary increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Dietary treatment had no effects (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on albumin height, shell thickness and shell weight at any period of experiment. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 has the potential to improve the laying hen performance and lead to the development of low cholesterol eggs during late laying period in Hy-Line Brown hens.

Effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue on performance, nutrients digestibility and antioxidant activity of laying hens and its effects on egg storage

Yang, Bowen,Zhao, Guoxian,Wang, Lin,Liu, Shujing,Tang, Jie Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue (ABSR) on the performance, nutrients digestibility, antioxidant activity of laying hens, and its effects on egg storage to determine the appropriate dosage of ABSR, so as to provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of ABSR. Methods: A total of 384 53-wk-old Nongda III layers were randomly divided into six treatments, four replicates in each treatment and 16 birds in each replicate. The control treatment was fed with basic diet, while experimental treatments were fed with diets of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% ABSR respectively. The experimental period was 56 d. Results: The results showed that compared with the control treatment, ABSR had no significant effect on laying performance (p>0.05). The crude protein and total energy digestibility of experimental treatments was significantly higher than those of control treatment (p<0.05). When eggs were stored for 1 wk, 2 wk, and 3 wk at 25℃, there were no significant differences in egg storage between the experimental treatments and the control treatment (p>0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the serum of the experimental treatments were significantly higher than those of the control treatment (p<0.05), and the malonaldehyde (MDA) content did not change dramatically. SOD activity in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that in control treatment (p<0.05); MDA content in yolk was markedly lower than that in control treatment (p<0.05). The activity of GSH-Px and SOD in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that of control treatment stored at 25℃ for 21 d, and the content of MDA was significantly lower than that of control treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: ABSR can be used to improve the antioxidant activity of laying hens without affecting laying performance.

비타민과 미네랄 첨가가 육용종 암탉의 생산능력에 미치는 영향

윤병선,강보석,김상호,최철환,나재천,서옥석 한국가금학회 2000 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

This work was designed to investigate the performances of broiler breeder hens upon the addition were vitamin and mineral supplements in feeds. Animals were divided into for feed groups such as control, T$_1$,T$_2$and T$_3$, and each treatment has four replications. All broiler breeder hens were housed individually, and were fed with identical iso-metaboilic energy and iso-protein, except for vitamins and minerals. Different sources and levels of vitamins and minerals were added to the basic feeds according to the treatments. At the end of the experiments, general laying rate(hen days), average egg weight, hatching egg laying rate(Hen day) every day. Hatching egg weight, sterility, embryo mortality, hatching rate and chick weight were examined. Although, early laying rate in all treatment groups were reduced during cold term management, general egg laying rate was increased only T$_3$group which was contanining vitamin C. However, similar results were obtained in the rates of general and hatching egg laying. General egg laying rate were somewhat higher of Control, T$_2$and T$_3$ groups than that of T$_1$group. In addition, the laying rates of general and hatching eggs slightly improved in the T$_3$group rather than those of Control group. Egg weight was reduced with the increasing of laying rate, showing the highest in the T$_3$group. The laying rate showed significantly lower value than those of any other groups. Egg weight was about 65g in T$_3$group. The results of hatching performance for production ability of Broiler breeder hens were fed experimental diet, although the rates of non-hatched and hatched eggs increased in order of Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups. However, the rate of embryo mortality was declined in order Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups.

토종 종계 계통 간 교배조합 시험에 따른 신품종 토종 실용산란계 생산

신가빈,이슬기,김기곤,이준호,장수용,허정민,추효준,손시환 한국가금학회 2023 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.50 No.4

This study conducted a diallel-crossbreeding test using four Korean native chicken parent stock lines (YC, YD, CK, and CF) to develop a native commercial layer with high egg-laying performance. A total of 312 chickens in six combinations were examined for various traits, including livability, body weight, age at first egg-laying, hen-day, and hen-housed egg production, egg weight, and egg quality, from hatching to 60 weeks of age. The results showed that the average survival rate was 77.1±18.8% with the YDYC combination having the highest survival rate along with excellent specific combining ability. The YDYC combination exhibited significantly higher body weight compared to the other combinations (P<0.01). The average age at first egg-laying was 121.3±2.5 days, with no significant difference between the combinations. The average hen-day egg production was 74.0±6.4%, and the hen-housed egg production was 181.4±33.8 eggs with the YDCF and YCCK combinations demonstrating the highest laying performance, while the YDYC and CKCF combinations had the lowest (P<0.05). Laying performance was more influenced by specific combining ability than general combining ability. The eggs from the YDYC combination were significantly lighter and had the darkest shell color (P<0.01), whereas the YDCF combination exhibited the thickest eggshells. There was no difference in internal egg quality among combinations, except the YDCF combination had the darkest yolk color. Overall, we concluded that the YCCK combination, characterized by high laying performance and livability, and the YDCF combination with high laying performance and good egg quality are the most desirable combinations for Korean native commercial layers. 본 연구는 산란능력이 우수한 토종 실용산란계를 개발하기 위하여 토종 종계 4계통(YC, YD, CK, CF)을 이용하여 이면 교배조합 검정시험(diallel crossbreeding test)을 실시하였다. 능력검정은 6개 조합의 312수를 대상으로 발생 후부터 60주령까지 생존율, 체중, 초산일령, 난중, 산란율 및 난질을 조사하고, 이들의 생산능력 및 결합능력을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 전체 조합의 평균 생존율은 77.1±18.8%이고, 조합 중 YDYC조합의 생존율이 가장 높았고, YCCF조합의 생존율이 가장 낮았다. YDYC조합의 경우, YD와 YC계통 간의 특정결합능력이 특히 우수하였다. 체중은 모든 측정 주령에서 조합 간의 유의한 차이가 있었는데, 전 기간 YDYC조합의 자손이 다른 조합의 자손들보다 무거운 것으로 나타났다(P<0.01). 평균 초산일령은 121.3±2.5일로 조합 간의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 20주령부터 60주령까지 전체 조합의 평균 일계산란율은 74.0±6.4%이었고, 산란지수는 181.4± 33.8개로 일계산란율은 조합 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 조합 중 YDCF 및 YCCK조합의 산란 성적이 가장 높았고, YDYC 및 CKCF조합이 가장 낮았으며, 이들의 성적은 일반결합능력보다 특정결합능력에 의해 더욱 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 난중은 측정 시점 모두에서 조합 간 유의한 차이를 보였고(P<0.05), YDYC조합의 난 중이 전체적으로 낮게 나타났다. 난각색, 난각 두께, 난각 무게 모두 조합 간에 유의한 차이를 보이며(P<0.01), 난각색은 YDYC조합의 달걀이 가장 짙었고, 난각 두께는 YDCF조합이 가장 두꺼웠다. 내부 난질은 조합 간 차이가 없었으며, 난황색은 YDCF조합이 가장 짙은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 산란 능력을 바탕으로 최적의 토종 실용산란계를 선정시 산란율이 우수하면서 생존율이 높은 YCCK조합과 산란율이 우수하면서 상대적으로 난질이 양호한 YDCF조합이 가장 바람직한 조합으로 사료된다.