암 환자에 대한 한국어판 FACIT-호흡곤란 10개 항목 단축형 설문지의 신뢰도와 타당도 분석

Bon-il Ku,오덕원,Min-ji Lee,Seong-kyeong Kim 한국전문물리치료학회 2020 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) for Dyspnea was developed to assess multidimensional dyspnea using two subscales (experience of dyspnea and functional limitation) and a total score.Objects: This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the FACIT-dyspnea 10-item short form questionnaire (FACIT-dyspnea-K).Methods: Subjects were 163 patients with cancer. Dyspnea-related scales (modified Medical Research Council scale [mMRC], European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 [EORTC QLQ-C30], Hospital Anxiety and Depression [HAD], and WHO Performance Scale) were used to validate the FACIT-dyspnea-K.Results: Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.90 and 0.95 in factors 1 and 2, respectively. Convergence validity was determined by comparing the two factors and total score of the FACIT-dyspnea-K with conceptually related assessment tools measuring the physical and emotional effects of dyspnea, with which correlations ranged from 0.364 to 0.567. Criterion validity was established by significant differences in the FACIT-dyspnea-K score between groups when the patients were classified by performance status as assessed by the WHO performance scale. Furthermore, the FACIT-dyspnea-K showed notable correlations with other dyspnea scales (mMRC, EORTC QLQ-C30, and HAD) for cancer patients (r = 0.28 to 0.54). The test-retest reliability of the two factors and total score of the FACIT-dyspnea-K appeared to be excellent (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96 to 0.97).Conclusion: This study supports FACIT-dyspnea-K as a valid and reliable instrument to assess the dyspnea experience of cancer patients in clinical settings.

연구 : 만성폐질환자의 호흡곤란 유발요인 및 증상관리 전략

방소연 ( So Yeon Bang ) 연세대학교 김모임간호학연구소 2002 간호학탐구 Vol.11 No.2

Validity and Reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12 in Bronchiectasis and Tuberculous Destroyed Lung

( Bo Young Lee ),( Seo Hyun Lee ),( Jae Seung Lee ),( Jin Woo Song ),( Sang Do Lee ),( Seung Hun Jang ),( Ki Suck Jung ),( Yong Il Hwang ),( Yeon Mok Oh ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.6

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Korean version of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) and Dyspnea-12 Questionnaire for patients with bronchiectasis or tuberculous destroyed lung. Methods: For 62 bronchiectasis patients and 37 tuberculous destroyed lung patients, 3 questionnaires including St. George``s Respiratory Questionnaires (SGRQ), CAT, and Dyspnea-12 were obtained, in addition to spirometric measurements. To assess the validity of CAT and Dyspnea-12, correlation with SGRQ was evaluated. To assess the reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12, Cronbach``s α coefficient was calculated. Results: The mean ages of the patients were 60.7±8.3 years in bronchiectasis and 64.4±9.3 years in tuberculous destroyed lung. 46.8% and 54.1% were male, respectively. The SGRQ score was correlated with the score of the Korean version of CAT (r=0.72, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.67, p<0.0001) in bronchiectasis patients. The SGRQ score was correlated with the score of CAT (r=0.86, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.80, p<0.0001) in tuberculous destroyed lung patients. The Cronbach``s α coefficient for the CAT and Dyspnea-12 were 0.84 and 0.90 in bronchiectasis, and 0.88 and 0.94 in tuberculous destroyed lung, respectively. Conclusion: We found that Korean version of CAT and Dyspnea-12 are valid and reliable in patients with tuberculous destroyed lung and bronchiectasis.

Validity and Reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12 in Bronchiectasis and Tuberculous Destroyed Lung

Lee, Bo-Young,Lee, Seo-Hyun,Lee, Jae-Seung,Song, Jin-Woo,Lee, Sang-Do,Jang, Seung-Hun,Jung, Ki-Suck,Hwang, Yong-Il,Oh, Yeon-Mok The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.6

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Korean version of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) and Dyspnea-12 Questionnaire for patients with bronchiectasis or tuberculous destroyed lung. Methods: For 62 bronchiectasis patients and 37 tuberculous destroyed lung patients, 3 questionnaires including St. George's Respiratory Questionnaires (SGRQ), CAT, and Dyspnea-12 were obtained, in addition to spirometric measurements. To assess the validity of CAT and Dyspnea-12, correlation with SGRQ was evaluated. To assess the reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient was calculated. Results: The mean ages of the patients were $60.7{\pm}8.3$ years in bronchiectasis and $64.4{\pm}9.3$ years in tuberculous destroyed lung. 46.8% and 54.1% were male, respectively. The SGRQ score was correlated with the score of the Korean version of CAT (r=0.72, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.67, p<0.0001) in bronchiectasis patients. The SGRQ score was correlated with the score of CAT (r=0.86, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.80, p<0.0001) in tuberculous destroyed lung patients. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient for the CAT and Dyspnea-12 were 0.84 and 0.90 in bronchiectasis, and 0.88 and 0.94 in tuberculous destroyed lung, respectively. Conclusion: We found that Korean version of CAT and Dyspnea-12 are valid and reliable in patients with tuberculous destroyed lung and bronchiectasis.

이직 탄광부의 호흡곤란에 영향을 미치는 요인

천용희,장세진,차봉석 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.3

목적 : 이직 탄광부의 호흡곤란 호소에 관여하는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2000년도 T시 산재요양병원에서 실시한 이직자 건강진단을 수검한 탄광부 근로자들의 개인 자료를 이용하였다. 종속변수로 호흡곤란 정도를, 독립변수로 연령, 탄광 근무기간, 체질량계수, 직업력, 퇴직년도, 흉부 방사선 소음영 밀도, 대음영 밀도, 폐성심지수, 우하동맥 직경, 수축기 혈압, 뇨단백, 뇨당, 헤마토크릿, SGOT SGPT, cholesterol을 이용하였다. 단일변량 분석 및 로직스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 호흡 곤란에 미치는 제 변수의 관련성을 확인하였다. 결과 : 단일변량 분석 결과, 호흡곤란과 유의한 관련성을 보인 변수로는 연령(≥60세) (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.63-3.00), 근무기간(≥20년) (OR: 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.24-2.25), 음영밀도(≥1/0) (OR: 1.81. 95 % CI: 1.30-2.51), 대음영(≥A) (OR: 2.19, 95 % CI: 1.30-3.70), 그리고 폐성심지수(≥0.36) (OR: 2.37, 95 % CI: 1.77-3.17) 등이었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통한 다변량 분석 결과, 연령(60세 이상) (OR: 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.28-2.21), 흡연량(하루 1개피 이상 흡연자) (OR: 1.61. 95% CI: 1.06-2.45), 금연 무경험자(OR: 1.40 95 % CI: 1.06-1.84), 그리고 폐성심지수(0.36 이상) (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.34-2.29)였다. 60세 이상의 흡연자로서 금연경험이 없고, 폐성심지수가 0.36 이상인 사람이 그렇지 않은 사람에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 높은 호흡곤란을 경험할 가능성이 높았다. 결론 : 이직 탄광부의 호흡곤란에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 폐성심지수, 연령, 흡연유무, 금연 실시 유무이었다. Objectives : This study was done to examine the risk factors for the dyspnea of retired coal miners in Korea. Methods : Eight hundred and sixteen male workers who took the health examination for retired coal miners in the T hospital were recruited, in this study and their health examination records were employed to assess the risk factors for dyspnea. Both univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the relationship betwen known risk factors and the presence of dyspnea.r Results : Variables in the univariate analysis, which showed a significant relationship with dyspnea were age(≥60 years) (OR : 2.20, 95% CI : 1.63-3.00), work duration(≥20 years) (OR : 1.67, 95% CI : 1.24-2.25), profusion of small opacity(≥1/0) (OR : 1.81. 95% CI : 1.30-2.51), large opacity(≥A) (OR : 2.19, 95% CI : 1.30-3.70), and the ratio of the distance between the start of the first division of the right and left main pulmonary arteries divided by the transverse diametel of the thorax (cor pulmonale index) (≥0.36) (OR : 2.37, 95% CI : 1.77-3.17). The multivariate analysis using logistic regression analyfilysis showed age(≥60 years)(OR : 1.69, 95% CI : 1.28-2.21), smoking amount(≥1 filters/day) (OR : 1.61, 95% CI : 106-2.45), no experience of having quit smoking (OR : 1.40 95% CI : 1.06-184), and the cor pulmonale index(≥0.36) (OR : 1.75, 95% CI : 1.34-2.29) were associated with an increased risk for dyspnea. Conclusions : These results suggests that the corlmonale index is the most significant risk factor in predicting dyspnea in retired coal miners. In addition, this study also revealed that workers aged 60 years or more or smokers were more likely to experience dyspnea as compared to those aged 60 years or less and nonsmokers.

호흡곤란 환자에 대한 Modified Borg Scale의 유용성

이윤경,윤혜상 병원간호사회 2005 임상간호연구 Vol.10 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to suggest whether dyspnea, as reported by patients with acute bronchospasm could reflect their pulmonary function and arterial blood gas, and to evaluate the usefulness of MBS in assessing dyspnea. Method: We measured dyspnea by using MBS, and anxiety using VAS, FEV₁, FVC, PaO₂ and PaCO₂ before and after bronchodilator in 44 patients with COPD or asthma at emergency center. In evaluating the usefulness of MBS, the relationship among the pulmonary function, ABGA, VASI and MBSI was measured by using Spearman's rank correlations. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used in comparing the pulmonary function, ABGA, anxiety and dyspnea before and after administering bronchodilators. Result: FEV₁, FVC and PaO₂ were increased after the use of bronchodilators. MBSI for dyspnea and VASI for anxiety were decreased after the use of bronchodilators. Before using bronchodilators, there were significant positive correlations between MBSI and PaCO₂(r=0.298, p=.049), and MBSI and VASI(r=0.620, p=.000). After using bronchodilators, there were significant negative correlations between MBSI and FEVi(r=-0.456, p=.002), MBSI and FVC(r=-0.326, p=.031), and VASI and FEV₁(r=-0.448, p=.002). After using bronchodilators, there was a significant negative correlation between MBSI and VASI(r=0.743, p=.000). Conclusion: We conclude that MBS was helpful to evaluate the severity of dyspnea and that MBS could be used in assessing and monitoring dyspnea in patients with acute bronchospasm.

한국어판 만성폐쇄성폐질환 평가테스트(CAT)와 호흡곤란-12 설문의 타당도와 신뢰도 평가

이서현 ( Seo Hyun Lee ),이재승 ( Jae Seung Lee ),송진우 ( Jin Woo Song ),최창민 ( Chang Min Choi ),심태선 ( Tae Sun Shim ),김태범 ( Tae Bum Kim ),조유숙 ( You Sook Cho ),문희범 ( Hee Bom Moon ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),오연목 ( Yeon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.3

Background: The object of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Korean versions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) and Dyspnea-12 Questionnaire for patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). Methods: For the 127 COPD patients, we obtained the Korean versions of the 3 questionnaires being tested: St George`s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), CAT, and Dyspnea-12 with spirometric measurements. To assess the validity of CAT and Dyspnea-12, their correlation with SGRQ was evaluated. To assess the reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12, Cronbach`s alpha coefficient was evaluated. Results: The mean age of patient participants was 68.6±7.5 years; 97.6% were male. The SGRQ score was correlated with the scores of the Korean version of CAT (r=0.71, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.73, p<0.0001). The Cronbach`s alpha coefficient for the CAT and Dyspnea-12 were 0.77 and 0.78, respectively. Conclusion: The Korean versions of CAT and Dyspnea-12 were shown to be valid and reliable for the Korean COPD patients.

Dyspnea as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

반우호,이종민,하직환,여창동,강현희,이진국,문화식,이상학 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.5

Purpose: To investigate associations between dyspnea and clinical outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: From 2001 to 2014, we retrospectively reviewed the prospective lung cancer database of St. Paul’s Hospitalat the Catholic University of Korea. We enrolled patients with NSCLC and evaluated symptoms of dyspnea using modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scores. Also, we estimated pulmonary functions and analyzed survival data. Results: In total, 457 NSCLC patients were enrolled, and 259 (56.7%) had dyspnea. Among those with dyspnea and whose mMRC scores were available (109 patients had no mMRC score), 85 (56.6%) patients had an mMRC score <2, while 65 (43.3%) had an mMRC score ≥2. Significant decreased pulmonary functions were observed in patients with dyspnea. In multivariate analysis, aging,poor performance status, advanced stage, low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%), and an mMRC score ≥2 were found to be significant prognostic factors for patient survival. Conclusion: Dyspnea could be a significant prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC.

만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자에서 호흡곤란과 영상학적 정량과의 상관관계

정은정 ( Eun Jung Jung ),김양기 ( Yang Ki Kim ),이영목 ( Young Mok Lee ),김기업 ( Ki Up Kim ),어수택 ( Soo Taek Uh ),김용훈 ( Yong Hoon Kim ),김도진 ( Do Jin Kim ),박춘식 ( Choon Sik Park ),황정화 ( Jung Hwa Hwang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.66 No.4

연구배경: COPD에서 보이는 호흡곤란의 주된 원인이 폐의 과팽창이고 이 과팽창을 치료하는 것이 호흡곤란의 향상에 중요한 것으로 밝혀지고 있다. 그러나 FEV1, FVC만으로는 호흡곤란의 정도와 과팽창을 정확히 측정할 수 없다. 따라서 단순 흉부 방사선에서 관찰되는 폐의 과팽창의 정도와 고해상도흉부 단층촬영에서 폐기종의 정도가 호흡곤란을 객관적으로 알 수 있는 지표가 되는 지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: COPD로 진단 받은 50명(평균 연령 69세, 남자 47명, 여자 3명)을 대상으로 하였다. 폐의 종축, 흉골 뒤 공간, 횡격막의 높이를 각각 측정하여 총 0에서부터 3까지로 폐의 과팽창 정도(chest score)를 측정하였고, 고해상도 흉부단층 촬영에서 폐기종의 정도(HRCT score)를 구하여 이를 환자의 호흡곤란의 정도 및 폐용적 검사를 비롯한 폐기능 검사와의 상관관계를 구하였다. 결과: 호흡곤란의 지수(Borg scale)는 폐기능 검사의 지표인 FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, RV, RV/TLC, DLCO와 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되었다. Borg scale은 HRCT score와 상관관계가 있었으나, chest score와는 상관관계가 없었다. 그리고 Borg scale은 체질량 지수와 역 상관관계가 있었다. 결론: 고해상도 흉부 단층촬영의 폐기종의 정도는 COPD 환자에서 호흡곤란의 정도를 알 수 있는 객관적 지표가 될 수 있다. Background: A lung hyperinflation, or air trapping, caused by expiratory flow-limitation contributes to dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) has served as an important diagnostic measurement of COPD, but does not correlate with patient-centered outcomes such as dyspnea. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the role of radiologic quantity in evaluating the dyspnea in patients with COPD by measuring lung hyperinflation in chest x-ray and high resolution chest tomography (HRCT). Methods: Fifty patients with COPD were enrolled in this study. Their subjective dyspnea score (modified Borg scale dyspnea index), spirometry, and lung volume were measured. Simultaneous hyperinflations of chest x-ray score (chest score) and degree of emphysema of HRCT (HRCT score) were measured. The chest score were composed of lung length, retrosternal space width, and height of the arc of the diaphragm and HRCT score were composed of severity and extent of emphysema. Results: The mean age of patients was 69 years old and their mean FEV1 was 51.7%. The Borg score significantly correlated with parameters of spirometry and lung volume, including FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, RV, RV/TLC, and DLCO. The Borg score correlated well with HRCT score, but did not correlate with chest score. Also, the Borg scale correlates inversely with body mass index. Conclusion: The quantity of emphysema on chest HRCT may serve as an objective marker of dyspnea in patients with COPD.

호흡곤란 있는 불안장애 환자 치험 1례

이은주,김태경,신창민,김철홍,Eun Ju Lee,Tae Kyung Kim,Chang Min Shin,Cheol Hong Kim 턱관절균형의학회 2022 턱관절균형의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment with TBT (Temporomandibular Joint Balancing Therapy) on Anxiety disorder patient with dyspnea. Methods: In this study, an Anxiety disorder patient with dyspnea was admitted to △△ Korean medicine Hospital from Nov 1st, 2022 to Nov 23rd, 2022. During the admission period, the patient was treated by Korean medical treatment(acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herb medicine, etc.), especially using TBT and Western medical treatment (Pharmacotherapy). Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and VAS were used for measuring the Anxiety and Dyspnea. Results: After treatment for 30days, the BAI showed a decrease from 33 to 19, The VAS associated with dyspnea also decreased from 6 to 1 and VAS associated with Neck Pain decreased from 5 to 3. Conclusions: These results showed that Korean medical treatment especially using TBT may have an effect on reducing symptoms of dyspnea due to Panic Attack. But the further researches are needed.