지역사회 노인의 심리사회적 스트레스, 기억과 성공적 노화

이혜경(Lee Hae Kyung),이계희(Lee Kye Hee) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2021 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.46 No.2

대상자의 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 성공적 노화의 차이는 나이에 따라서 차이가 있었고, 대상자의 성공적 노화는 기억과 정적관계가 있고, 심리사회적 스트레스와 부적관계가 있었다. 심리사회적 스트레스와 기억 간에 부적 관계가 있었다. 성공적 노화에 영향을 주는 요인은 심리사회적 스트레스로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 지역사회 노인의 심리사회적 스트레스가 성공적 노화를 예측하는 중요한 변인임을 입증했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 따라서 노인의 성공적 노화를 위한 스트레스 개입 프로그램의 경험적 근거자료가 될 수 있다. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among psychosocial stress, memory, and successful aging of the community-residing elderly. Methods: 152 people over 65 years old living in D area were interviewed, from August 1st, 2020 to October 30th, 2020. The outcomes were measured by Psychosocial Well-being Index (PWI), Mini-Memory Test (MiMeT) and successful aging. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There was a positive correlation between successful aging and memory. There was a negative correlation between psychosocial stress and successful aging, and between psychosocial stress and memory. Psychosocial stress was identified as a predictor of successful aging, which explained 26.4% of total variance of successful aging. Conclusions: When we prepare intervention programs which improve successful aging for community-residing older adults, we need to consider psychosocial stress. In addition, stress management programs for successful aging should be developed to improve current successful aging.

Voluntary exercise reverses immune aging induced by oxidative stress in aging mice

Lee, Ji-Young,Paik, Il-Young,Kim, Joo Young Elsevier 2019 Experimental Gerontology Vol.115 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Excessive oxidative stress leads to aging due to persistent damage to the cells, tissues, and the entire organism. Immunosenescence is also a devastating consequence of oxidative stress, but there is a lack of research on effective ways to overcome it. In this study, we used physiologic and immunological aging mouse models that had sustained oxidative stress to investigate whether voluntary exercise and/or antioxidant treatment could overcome oxidative damage as well as aging. We established an aging model induced by continuously administering <SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactose (<SMALL>D</SMALL>-gal) to 6-week-old female C57BL/6J mice. We also assessed reversal of immunosenescence by providing free-wheel running and vitamin E (vit E) supplementation to this aging model. As an aging index, the level of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the blood was measured. Phenotypes of T cells in the thymus and spleen were examined as an index of immunosenescence. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the mouse spleen and levels of AGEs in the blood were significantly higher after 6 weeks of <SMALL>D</SMALL>-gal administration. In addition, immunosenescence was observed, in which the naïve:effector cell ratio in the spleen decreased. After 4 weeks of free-wheel running and vit E administration, both intracellular ROS and serum AGE levels decreased. Above all, free-wheel running restored the naïve:effector ratio of cytotoxic T lymphocytes reduced by <SMALL>D</SMALL>-gal administration. Taken together, these results suggest that voluntary exercise may be effective in restoring immunosenescence induced by oxidative stress.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Exercise is important for healthy aging that many people focus on. </LI> <LI> Increased advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are closely linked to both oxidative and immune aging. </LI> <LI> Stress-free and self-engaging exercise lowers the AGEs and rejuvenates the immune system. </LI> </UL> </P>

중년여성의 스트레스에 미치는 영향요인

박혜선,마예원,임선영 대한통합의학회 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.4

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the depression, self-efficacy, and stress level of middle-aged women and to identify the factors affecting on stress, and to provide base line data for the development of nursing intervention for stress reduction of middle-aged women. Methods : Participants were 200 middle-aged women aged 40 to 60 who live in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Data collection period was from March 1, 2019 to April 15. In this study, the questionnaire of life events-stress, depression scale, self-efficacy was used. Data were analyzed by average, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, correlation and regression using the SPSS Program 21.0. Results : The results of this study, the correlation between depression, self-efficacy and stress in middle-aged women, depression and self-efficacy(r=-.264, p<.001), self-efficacy and stress(r=-.279, p<.001) had a significant negative correlation, depression and stress (r=.268, p<.001) had a significant positive correlation. Depression and self-efficacy were the factors affecting the stress of middle-aged women. Depression was β=.207(p<.001) and self-efficacy β=-.222(p=.003). Depression had the greatest influence on stress, followed by self-efficacy. Conclusion : Middle-aged women are an important time to prepare for a successful old age. Considering that the current middle-aged women are the subjects of the future aging society, their physical, psychological, and social problems are very important in preventing the elderly problems of the aging society. Therefore, effective nursing interventions should be developed that to reduce the depression and stress in middle-aged women and to improve self-efficacy and improve the quality of life of middle-aged women.

중년의 가족기능과 스트레스의 관계에서 노화증상인식의 매개효과와 조절효과

염현이,주경옥 한국성인간호학회 2020 성인간호학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of the perception of aging symptoms in mediating and moderating the relationship between family function and stress in middle-aged adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study of 244 middle-aged men and women. Self-administered surveys were conducted using the Family APGAR, stress index, and symptom management beliefs questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and PROCESS macro using SPSS 23.0. Results: A significant interaction between family function and the perception of aging symptoms in predicting stress was found, indicating a moderating effect of the perception of aging symptoms on the relationship between family function and stress. An indirect effect of family function on stress through the perception of aging symptoms was not significant, indicating an insignificant mediating effect of the perception of aging symptoms. Conclusion: The relationship between family function and stress differed depending on participants’ perceptions of aging symptoms. Individuals with negative perceptions of aging symptoms may be vulnerable to stress caused by poorer family function. It is necessary to develop programs to help modify negative perceptions of aging as well as strengthen family function to decrease the stress of middle-aged adults.

중년기 노후준비와 심리적 안녕감의 관계: 노화불안과 지각된 스트레스의 순차적 다중매개효과

김민희 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2020 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.33 No.4

This study aimed to examine the effect of preparation for old age on the psychological well-being of middle-aged adults and evaluate the serial multiple mediating effects of aging anxiety and perceived stress in the relationship between preparation for old age and psychological well-being based on the perspective of life span development theory that successful accomplishment of developmental tasks affects successful adaptation. A total of 353 middle-aged adults (165 male, 198 female) aged 40 to 65 years completed questionnaires. Results from the analysis using PROCESS macro showed that as the degree of preparation for aging increased also increased the psychological well-being of participants. In addition, the simple and serial mediating effects of aging anxiety and perceived stress were confirmed regarding the relationship between preparation for old age and psychological well-being. This means that the higher the level of preparation for old age of middle-aged adults, the lower the anxiety about aging, which contributes to lowering the perception of stress and as a result, the psychological well-being increases. Results from this study confirm the importance of preparation for old age to improve the psychological well-being of middle-aged adults. Interventions to prepare these adults for old age and increase their psychological well-being should be focused on aging anxiety and perceived stress. Finally, the implications, limitations of this study and follow-up studies are discussed. 본 연구의 목적은 발달 과제의 성공적 완수가 성공적 적응에 영향을 준다는 생애발달 이론의 관점에 근거하여, 중년기 노후준비가 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 노후준비와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 노화불안과 지각된 스트레스의 순차적 다중매개효과를 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 40세에서 65세의 중년기 성인 353명(남자 165명, 여자 198명)을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. Process Macro를 활용하여 분석한 결과, 중년기 노후준비의 수준이 높을수록 심리적 안녕감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 노후준비와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 노화불안의 단순 매개효과, 노후준비와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 지각된 스트레스의 단순 매개효과와 노화불안과 지각된 스트레스의 순차적 매개효과를 확인하였다. 이는 중년기 성인들의 노후준비 수준이 높을수록 노화불안이 낮아지고, 이것이 스트레스 지각을 낮춤으로써 심리적 안녕감이 높아진다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 중년기 심리적 안녕감에서 노후준비의 중요성과 중년기 심리적 안녕감을 높이기 위한 개입방법으로 노화불안과 지각된 스트레스에 초점을 맞추는 것이 필요함을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의, 한계점과 후속 연구의 방향에 대해 제안하였다.

Age-Related Decrease in Stress Responsiveness and Proactive Coping in Male Mice

Oh, Hee-Jin,Song, Minah,Kim, Young Ki,Bae, Jae Ryong,Cha, Seung-Yun,Bae, Ji Young,Kim, Yeongmin,You, Minsu,Lee, Younpyo,Shim, Jieun,Maeng, Sungho Frontiers Media S.A. 2018 FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE Vol.10 No.-

<P>Coping is a strategic approach to dealing with stressful situations. Those who use proactive coping strategies tend to accept changes and act before changes are expected. In contrast, those who use reactive coping are less flexible and more likely to act in response to changes. However, little research has assessed how coping style changes with age. This study investigated age-related changes in coping strategies and stress responsiveness and the influence of age on the processing of conditioned fear memory in 2-, 12- and 23-month-old male mice. Coping strategy was measured by comparing the escape latency in an active avoidance test and by comparing responses to a shock prod. The results showed that proactivity in coping response gradually decreased with age. Stress responsiveness, measured by stress-induced concentration of corticosterone, was also highest in 2-month-old mice and decreased with age. Consolidation of fear memory was highest in 12-month-old mice and was negatively correlated with the degree of stress responsiveness and proactivity in coping. Fear extinction did not differ among age groups and was not correlated with stress responsiveness or the proactivity of coping. However, the maintenance of extinct fear memory, which was best in 2-month-old mice and worst in 12-month-old mice, was negatively correlated with stress responsiveness but not with coping style. Age-dependent changes in the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its regulatory co-chaperones, which are accepted mechanisms for stress hormone stimulation, were measured in the hippocampus. The expression of GR was increased at 12 months compared to other age groups. There were no differences in Hsp70 and BAG1 expression by age. These results can be summarized as follows: (1) stress responsiveness and proactivity in coping decreased with age class; (2) consolidation of fear memory was negatively correlated with both stress responsiveness and proactivity; however, maintenance of extinct fear memory was negatively correlated with stress responsiveness only; and (3) consolidation and maintenance of extinct fear memory appeared to be more influenced by factors other than stress reactivity and proactivity in coping, such as the amount of hippocampal glucocorticoid expression.</P>

고령자의 스트레스에 따른 건강증진행위와 생활만족도 및 성공적 노화요인 간 인과관계분석

안용덕(Yong-Duk Ahn),신정훈(Jeong-Hun Shin) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2017 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.11 No.2

본 연구는 고령자가 느끼는 일상생활 스트레스, 신체적 노화를 극복하고자 하는 건강증진행위 그리고 일상생활을 살아가는 만족도를 파악하고 기초자료를 제시하여 고령자의 성공적 노화에 도움을 주고자 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 G광역시의 건강증진프로그램에 참여하는 고령자에게 스트레스, 건강증진행위, 생활만족도 및 성공적 노화방안의 설문조사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 고령자 스트레스는 건강증진행위를 바탕으로 성공적 노화에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고, 둘째, 고령자 스트레스는 생활만족도를 바탕으로 성공적 노화에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 셋째, 고령자 스트레스는 성공적 노화에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이상 결론을 종합하면 고령자들이 일상생활에서 느끼는 가정, 경제, 건강에 대한 스트레스를 최소화 하고, 일상생활의 만족도를 향상시키며, 건강증진을 위한 꾸준한 운동의 실천은 성공적 노화로 이루어져 고령자 삶의 질은 향상될 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to examine health promotion behavior that is intended to overcome daily stress and physical aging and daily life satisfaction in the elderly and present basic data to be helpful for the elderly’s successful aging. The questionnaire survey on stress, health promotion behavior, life satisfaction, and successful aging methods was conducted with the elderly participating in the health promotion program in G Metropolitan City. The results were as follows. First, the elderly’s stress had a significant effect on successful aging based on health promotion behavior. Second, the elderly’s stress had a significant effect on successful aging based on life satisfaction. Third, the elderly’s stress had a direct and significant effect on successful aging. Based on the results, it is necessary to minimize daily stress on family, economy, and health to improve life satisfaction and do constant exercise to promote health in the elderly. It will contribute to successful aging and improvement of quality of life in the elderly.

중년기 여성의 부부갈등과 스트레스의 관계: 여가경험은 스트레스 대처효과가 있는가?

문상정 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2018 지역산업연구 Vol.41 No.4

This study intends to explore the relationship between marital conflict and stress in middle-aged women. Furthermore, it seeks to investigate whether leisure experience has the effects of coping with stress in the relationship between marital conflict and stress. The purpose of this research is to approach at the exploratory level the question of whether the effects of marital conflict on stress differ depending on the levels of leisure experience. To achieve the purpose of this study, 337 middle-aged women who lived in Daegu & Gyeongbuk and Busan & Gyeongnam were analyzed. The survey period spanned from August 2017 to October of the same year. The results of data analysis are as follows: First, as a result of investigating at the exploratory level the relationship between marital conflict and stress in the middle-aged women, it was found that marital conflict had partially significant effects on stress. Second, as a result of investigating the relationship between stress and depression, it was found that stress predicted depression significantly. Third, it was tested whether leisure experience had the moderating effect on the influence of marital conflict on stress. As a result of the testing, it was found that leisure experience had positive coping effects that reduced stress in the relationship between personal conflict, which is a sub-factor of marital conflict, and stress. Fourth, the relationship of marital conflict and stress showed no significant difference depending on the levels of leisure experience. The results of this study have significance in that they contributed to theoretical expansion in the area of the psychology of leisure and tourism, by identifying middle-aged women’s psychological mechanism through which leisure experience buffers marital conflict and decreases stress. And it may be said that this study has theoretical value in that it was the first attempt to reveal the moderating effect of leisure experience in the relationship between marital conflict and stress. 본 연구는 중년기 여성의 부부갈등과 스트레스의 관계를 탐색하고자 한다. 아울러 부부갈등과 스트레스간의 관계에서 여가경험의 스트레스 대처효과가 있는지에 대하여 탐구하고자 한다. 부부갈등이 스트레스에 미치는 영향은 여가경험수준에 따른 차이가 있는지를 탐색적인 수준에서 접근하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 대구ㆍ경북 그리고 부산ㆍ경남에 거주하는 중년기 여성 337명을 분석에 사용하였다. 조사기간은 2017년 8월~10월 사이에 이루어졌다. 자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중년기 여성의 부부갈등과 스트레스의 관계를 탐험적인 수준에서 확인한 결과 부부갈등은 스트레스에 부분적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스트레스와 우울의 관계를 확인한 결과 스트레스는 우울에 유의미한 예언력을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부부갈등이 스트레스에 미치는 영향에 대하여 여가경험이 조절효과를 나타내는지 검증하였다. 검증결과 여가경험이 부부갈등의 하위요인인 개인적 갈등과 스트레스사이에서 스트레스를 감소시켜주는 긍정적 대처효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부부갈등과 스트레스의 관계는 여가경험 수준에 따라 유의미하게 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구 결과는 중년기 여성이 여가경험을 통하여 부부갈등을 완충하여 스트레스를 감소시키는 심리적 기제를 규명함으로써 여가관광심리분야의 이론적 확장에 기여하였다는데 의의가 있다. 그리고 부부갈등과 스트레스의 관계에서 여가경험의 조절효과를 규명하고자 한 최초의 시도였다는 점에서 이론적으로 가치가 있을 것이다.

노년기 스트레스 조절에 따른 노인범죄 예방의 기대감: 성격요인과 대처전략을 중심으로

김희영 한국교정상담심리학회 2019 교정상담학연구 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this study is to predict the expectation for the prevention and reduction of elderly crimes by maintaining the well-being of old life due to stress coping strategies or positive personality factors, even if the elderly face various life stress. First of all, the stress that threatens the well-being of old age including physical health stress, psychological stress, and social stress is examined comprehensively. The study integrates and identifies the effects of personality factors (life efficacy, cognitive flexibility, and resilience) and coping strategies (proactive response, SOC, and family support) in each of the three stress domains. A total of 1,212 men and women aged 60 or older participated in the study. Data was collected from three groups from 2014 to 2016. The results of the integrated stress model were as follows. First, the pretreatment and the efficacy of life interacted to alleviate the physical stress of the elderly to maintain the subjective well-being (342 people). Second, SOC strategies and cognitive flexibilities were mediating effects on the negative effects on psychological well-being of the elderly (438 people). Finally, resilience and family support played a complementary role in loneliness, a social stress that mitigates the negative effects on psychological well-being (432 people). Based on the results, it is expected that the stress control of the elderly will lead to the well-being of old age, which will have a positive effect on the prevention of crimes of the elderly. 본 연구의 목적은 노인들이 다양한 삶의 스트레스를 직면하더라도 스트레스 대처전략이나 긍정적성격요인으로 인해 노년기 삶의 안녕감을 유지하고 나아가 노년기 스트레스 조절이 노인범죄 예방및 감소에 대한 기대를 예측하는데 있다. 먼저 노년기의 안녕감에 위협이 되는 스트레스를 신체건강스트레스, 심리적 스트레스 및 사회적 스트레스를 포함하여 종합적으로 살펴보았다. 각 세 스트레스영역은 노년기의 안녕감에 보호요인의 역할을 할 성격요인(삶의 효능감, 인지적 유연성 및 회복탄력성) 과 대처전략(사전대처, SOC, 가족지지)의 효과를 통합하여 확인하는 것이다. 연구에 참여한 대상은60세 이상 남녀노인 총 1,212명으로 2014년부터 2016년에 걸쳐 세 집단으로 나누어 데이터가 수집되었다. 통합스트레스 모형을 통해 결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 사전대처와 삶의 효능감이 상호작용하여 노인의신체적 스트레스를 완화하여 주관적 안녕감을 유지해 주었다. 둘째, SOC전략과 인지적 유연성은 노년기 심리적 스트레스가 심리적 안녕감에 부정적인 영향에 대해 매개효과를 나타내어 함께 보호요인으로나타났다. 마지막으로 사회적 스트레스인 고독감이 심리적 안녕감에 부정적 효과를 완화시켜주는데있어서 회복탄력성과 가족지지가 상호보완적 역할을 하였다. 이를 토대로 노인의 스트레스 조절이노년기 삶의 안녕감으로 이어져 노인범죄 예방에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대하며, 이에 따른예방책의 필요성과 제한점이 논의되었다.

소아 치과 진료 시 아동의 스트레스 대처 전략이 아동의 스트레스 수준과 진료 기억 정확성에 미치는 영향: 연령의 조절효과

이승진,김연수 한국상담학회 2017 상담학연구 Vol.18 No.4

Multiple factors may affect the accuracy of children’s memory about stressful events. Particularly, stress coping characteristics of children may affect the level of stress induced and stress level may affect the accuracy of event memory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stress coping strategy on memory accuracy using dental care circumstance as naturally stressful situation for children 5-10 years old. As the results, the prior instruction of positive stress coping strategies that affect child memory accuracy was effective for children aged 8-10 years who were relatively older than 5-7 years of age. Furthermore children aged 8-10 years would have less stress during treatment, resulting in higher accuracy of recall in the condition that the prior instruction of positive stress coping strategies was given. These results suggest that providing guidance on positive stress coping strategies prior to beginning potentially stressful treatment would be conducive to better care by mitigating children’s negative emotions about a treatment. 스트레스적 사건에 대한 아동 기억의 정확성에는 다양한 요인들이 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 그 중에서도 아동의 스트레스 대처 특성은 유발되는 스트레스의 수준에 영향을 미칠 수 있고 스트레스 수준은 사건 기억의 정확성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구는 만 5-10세 아동을 대상으로 자연스럽게 스트레스가 유발되는 치과 진료를 이용하여 아동의 스트레스 대처 전략이 기억 정확성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 아동 기억 정확성에 영향을 미치는 긍정적인 스트레스 대처 전략의 사전 안내 효과에 연령차가 존재하는 가를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구 결과 아동 기억 정확성에 영향을 미치는 긍정적인 스트레스 대처 전략의 사전 안내는 만 5-7세의 어린 아동보다 상대적으로 나이든 만 8-10세 아동에게 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 나이든 아동의 경우 긍정적인 스트레스 대처 전략을 안내 받은 경우 그렇지 않은 경우보다 진료 시 유발되는 스트레스 수준이 낮고 진료에 대한 기억 정확도도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 의료적 맥락에서 긍정적인 스트레스 대처 전략의 사전 안내가 진료로 인해 유발될 수 있는 아동의 부정적 정서를 완화시키고 보다 원활한 진료에 도움이 될 수 있음을 제언하였다.