시공간 분석을 위한 자료 모형 연구

오충원 남서울대학교 2005 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The objective of this study is to investigate the suitable data models for analysis of speciality and temporality on the geographic appearances and human activities. This study explore appropriate data model for land analysis, especially land price variation analysis, land register analysis. It is need to spatio-temporal analysis of land which has the dynamic characteristics in the time dimension. As a result, an intergrated composite model is the fittest spatio-temporal data model for land information, Taking advantage of the integrated composited data model proposed here, it is possible to analyze spatio-temporal variations with spatio-temporal database and temporal map.

A Systematic Review of Spatial and Spatio-temporal Analyses in Public Health Research in Korea

Byun, Han Geul,Lee, Naae,Hwang, Seung-sik The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2021 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.54 No.5

Objectives: Despite its advantages, it is not yet common practice in Korea for researchers to investigate disease associations using spatio-temporal analyses. In this study, we aimed to review health-related epidemiological research using spatio-temporal analyses and to observe methodological trends. Methods: Health-related studies that applied spatial or spatio-temporal methods were identified using 2 international databases (PubMed and Embase) and 4 Korean academic databases (KoreaMed, NDSL, DBpia, and RISS). Two reviewers extracted data to review the included studies. A search for relevant keywords yielded 5919 studies. Results: Of the studies that were initially found, 150 were ultimately included based on the eligibility criteria. In terms of the research topic, 5 categories with 11 subcategories were identified: chronic diseases (n=31, 20.7%), infectious diseases (n=27, 18.0%), health-related topics (including service utilization, equity, and behavior) (n=47, 31.3%), mental health (n=15, 10.0%), and cancer (n=7, 4.7%). Compared to the period between 2000 and 2010, more studies published between 2011 and 2020 were found to use 2 or more spatial analysis techniques (35.6% of included studies), and the number of studies on mapping increased 6-fold. Conclusions: Further spatio-temporal analysis-related studies with point data are needed to provide insights and evidence to support policy decision-making for the prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases using advances in spatial techniques.

Spatio-temporal Analysis of District-level Life Expectancy from 2004 to 2017 in Korea

Lim Hwa-Kyung,Kang Hee-Yeon,Kim Ikhan,Khang Young-Ho 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.2

Background: Health indicators, such as mortality rates or life expectancy, need to be presented at the local level to improve the health of local residents and to reduce health inequality across geographic areas. The aim of this study was to estimate life expectancy at the district level in Korea through a spatio-temporal analysis. Methods: Spatio-temporal models were applied to the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service to estimate the mortality rates for 19 age groups in 250 districts from 2004 to 2017 by gender in Korea. Annual district-level life tables by gender were constructed using the estimated mortality rates, and then annual district-level life expectancy by gender was estimated using the life table method and the Kannisto-Thatcher method. The annual district-level life expectancies based on the spatio-temporal models were compared to the life expectancies calculated under the assumption that the mortality rates in these 250 districts are independent from one another. Results: In 2017, district-level life expectancy at birth ranged from 75.5 years (95% credible interval [CI], 74.0–77.0 years) to 84.2 years (95% CI, 83.4–85.0 years) for men and from 83.9 years (95% CI, 83.2–84.6 years) to 88.2 years (95% CI, 87.3–89.1 years) for women. Between 2004 and 2017, district-level life expectancy at birth increased by 4.57 years (95% CI, 4.49–4.65 years) for men and by 4.06 years (95% CI, 3.99–4.12 years) for women. To obtain stable annual life expectancy estimates at the district level, it is recommended to use the life expectancy based on spatio-temporal models instead of calculating life expectancy using observed mortality. Conclusion: In this study, we estimated the annual district-level life expectancy from 2004 to 2017 in Korea by gender using a spatio-temporal model. Local governments could use annual district-level life expectancy estimates as a performance indicator of health policies to improve the health of local residents. The approach to district-level analysis with spatio- temporal modeling employed in this study could be used in future analyses to produce district-level health-related indicators in Korea.

시공간 활동패턴의 탐색적 분석 : 시각적 공간분석학 접근법을 중심으로

안재성,김화환 국토지리학회 2008 국토지리학회지 Vol.42 No.1

In this paper, we discuss the development of a prototype geovisual analysis system based on Google EarthTM to analyze spatio-temporal pattern of human activity suvery data. The system is designed to integrate three analytical concepts of geographical research. The prototype analysis system is implemented using 2001 Atlanta Household Travel Survey (AHTS) data 1) to visualize spatial distribution of diurnal activity trajectories of individual respondents, 2) to group individual activity trajectories into a number of clusters based on similarity measures between activity sequences, and 3) to provide socioeconomic characteristics of each cluster such as age, gender, ethnicity in a form of statistical chart. The case study shows that geovisual analysis provides some meaningful clues to the unique characteristics of each cluster such as days of week, age distribution, and furthermore can offer researchers ideas of hidden structure or patterns in spatio-temporal data in a exploratory way. Overall, the geovisual analytics approach employed in this research is expected to be utilized as one of the most promising frameworks for implementation of analytical systems to deal with complex spatio-temporal data regarding human activities. 이 연구에서는 시각적 공간분석학을 기반으로 하여, 구글 어스를 활용하는 분석 시스템을 구현하였다. 이 분석 시스템은 시간지리학에서 제시한 개념인 시공간 경로를 시각화하고, 개인의 활동 순서를 측정하여 비슷한 유형으로 분류하는 군집분석법을 수행하며, 분류된 집단의 속성을 통계그래프로 제공함으로써 분석대상에 대한 다양한 정보를 제공한다. 애틀란타 가구교통조사 자료를 분석한 사례연구에서는 개인의 일간 활동 경로를 시각적으로 표현하고, 활동 패턴의 유사성을 측정하여 5개의 집단으로 분류한 후, 각 집단의 특성을 통계그래프를 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 시스템에서 채택한 시각적 공간분석학은 향후 공간자료 분석시스템 구현을 위한 중요한 방법론으로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

An application of the A-PDA model and the water supply performance index for the temporal and spatial evaluation of the performance of emergency water supply plans via interconnections

Oak SueYeun,Kim SuRi,Jun Hwandon 한국수자원학회 2018 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.51 No.11

상수관망시스템의 운영목적은 탄력성을 높여 각종 비정상상황에 유연하게 대처할 수 있는 방향으로 점차 변화하고 있으며 이에 따라 비정상상황에 따른 단수구역 발생에 대한 사후대책 대비를 통한 탄력성 향상이 필수적이다. 이를 위한 가장 효율적인 방법은 수계전환에 따른 비상공급 수원 확보이며, 비상관로를 통하여 인접 배수블록으로부터 단수된 구역에 용수를 공급할 수 있다. 성공적인 비상연계 운영을 위해서는, 수리학적 해석을 통하여 시공간적인 측면에서의 공급성능을 평가해야 한다. 비상연계 시, 공간적인 범위를 결정하는 주요 요소는 관경, 위치 및 관저고와 같은 비상관로에 해당하는 제원이며, 시간적인 범위를 결정하는 주요 요소는 연계배수지의 용량과 정수장에 공급 가능한 추가수량이다. 본 연구에서는 A 시의 상수관망에 대하여 배수지 1지에 문제가 발생하여 타 배수지들로부터 비상연계를 받는 시나리오에 대하여 모의를 진행하였다. 배수지의 저류량 및 유입량에 대한 모의를 위하여 Advanced-Pressure Driven Analysis 모형을 사용하였으며, 수리해석 결과를 바탕으로 공급범위기준지표 및 공급시간기준지표를 산정하여 연계공급성능에 대한 다각도적인 평가를 진행하였다. 이에 비상연계에 대하여 소비자들이 실제 체감하는 공급성능을 시공간적인 측면에서 파악할 수 있었으며, 설계제원의 타당성에 대한 검토가 가능하였다. 이는 비상연계 성능향상을 위한 구조적 대책 및 비구조적 대책 수립에 대한 의사결정에 용이하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of the water distribution system is gradually changing to increase the flexibility for responding to various abnormal situations. In addition, it is essential to improve resilience through preparing emergency plans against water supply failure. The most efficient way is emergency interconnections which supply water from interconnected adjacent blocks. To operate successful interconnections, it is essential to evaluate the supply performance in spatial and temporal aspects. The spatial and temporal aspects are dominated by its interconnected pipes and interconnected reservoirs respectively. In this study, an emergency interconnection scenario where problem occurred in reservoir 1 at 0:00hr in A city, Korea. An Advanced-Pressure Driven Analysis model was used to simulate the volume and inflow volume of the interconnected reservoirs. Based on the hydraulic analysis results, a multi-dimensional evaluation of the supply performance was conducted by applying possible water supply range indicator (PWSRI) and possible water supply temporal indicator (PWSTI) which are based on fuzzy membership functions. As a result, it was possible to evaluate the supply performance on the sides of consumers in spatio-temporal aspects and to review whether established plans mitigate the damage as intended. It is expected to be used for decision making on structural and non-structural emergency plan to improve the performance of an emergency interconnection.

교통기반 공공보건 정책 수립을 위한 고속도로 차량배출가스 시공간 패턴분석

이설영,주신혜,윤석민,오철 대한교통학회 2016 大韓交通學會誌 Vol.34 No.5

Vehicle emissions have been known as a critical factor to give a negative impact on the public health. In particular, particulate matters(PM) and NOx are highly related with respiratory diseases such as asthma. This study aimed at analyzing spatio-temporal patterns of PM and NOx generated from urban freeway traffic. MOVES, which is a well-known emission analysis tool presented by US Environmental Protection Agency(EPA), was applied to estimate PM and NOx based on traffic volume and speed data obtained from Seoul Outer Ring Expressway during January~June, 2012. K-means clustering analysis was used for categorizing the Level of Vehicle Emissions(LOVE) to support more systematical identification of the significance of emissions. Then, spatio-temporal analyses of estimated emissions were conducted by LOVE. Finally, this study proposed a set of strategies to reduce both PM and NOx to enhance public health based on analysis results. 차량배출가스는 대기오염을 유발하는 주요 요인인 것으로 알려져 있으며, 배출가스 감소를 위한 다양한 정책수립 및 기술개발이 활발히 진행 중이다. 이에 본 연구는 차량의 배출가스 중 호흡기 질환에 특히 유해한 것으로 알려진 질소산화물(NOx)과 초미세먼지(PM2.5)를 대상으로 시공간적 배출량의 패턴을 분석하고 교통기반 공공보건 증진 방안을 제시하였다. 서울외곽순환고속도로를 공간적 분석범위로 설정하고 2015년 1월부터 6월 사이에 수집된 속도와 교통량 자료를 기반으로 배출계수를 이용하여 거시적 모형을 통한 차량배출가스 발생 총량을 추정하였다. 추정된 배출가스 자료에 군집분석을 적용하여 차량배출가스 수준(Level of Vehicle Emission)을 정의하였으며, 평일 차량배출가스 발생량의 물질별‧시간대별‧공간별 패턴을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 교통기반 공공보건 정책방안을 교통계획 및 교통시설물, 공공보건 정보, 교통운영 및 관리 측면으로 나누어 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 차량배출가스 분석방향 및 전략은 공공보건 정책 마련에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

Spatio-temporal analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in Türkiye: results of the controlled normalization

Cenk İçöz,İsmail Yenilmez 대한공간정보학회 2023 Spatial Information Research Vol.31 No.1

This study investigates the spatio-temporal structure of the pandemic in Türkiye during the normalization process. An analysis has been conducted based on spatial and space–time scan statistics of the province-based numbers of confirmed COVID-19 cases during the normalization process from February 27 to May 7, 2021. The clusters affected by regional application differences has determined. The increase in cases has been observed, and the risk classes that supported the spatial relationship have been determined. Positive spatial relationships have been observed. Moran I measurements have also directly overlapped with the developments in the timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Türkiye. Local Moran I analysis has shown the transition of clusters from different regions to others over time. According to the results, controlled normalization has not happened as expected and the increase in the number of cases eventually led to the start of a total lockdown. Spatial and spatio-temporal analysis may show how to respond to a potential new pandemic. Regulations that vary from region to region can be meaningless depending on the spatial interaction. Decision makers may benefit in the future from these analyses, which reveal the results of experience to control current worsening scenarios.

3차원 가뭄지도를 활용한 시공간적 가뭄 특성 변화 분석

유지영,김장경,권현한,김태웅 대한토목학회 2020 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.40 No.2

In order to understand the characteristics of natural droughts, it is very important to interpret the spatio-temporal relationship betweendifferent types of droughts. In this study, meteorological and hydrological drought events were defined to account for the overlap between drought duration and spatial extent in three dimensions (i.e., latitude, longitude, and timing). In other words, the spatio-temporal droughtpropagation characteristics were analyzed based on the drought characteristic factors (duration, area, depth, center). The drought mapconsidering the characteristics of spatio-temporal drought propagation can be used to find the fundamental cause of the hydrological drought which is expected to frequently occur in the future. In addition, the drought map is expected to be useful in preparing an effective drought response plan. 자연적인 가뭄의 발생특성을 이해하는 데 있어서는 서로 다른 유형의 가뭄 사이의 시공간적 관계를 해석하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 가뭄 지속시간과 3차원(즉, 위도, 경도 및 시간)의 공간 범위가 겹치는 것을 고려하여 기상 및 수문학적 가뭄사상을 정의하고 전이특성을 해석하였다. 이는 시공간적 가뭄 특성인자(지속기간, 면적, 심도, 중심)를 기반으로 하여 가뭄의 공간적 재현특성과 더불어 시간이라는 연속적인 개념을 결합한다는 것을 의미한다. 이처럼 개발된 시공간적 가뭄전이 특성을 고려한 가뭄지도는 향후 국지적으로 빈번히 발생하는 수문학적 가뭄의 발생 원인을 발견하고, 가뭄에 대한 효율적인 대응방안을 마련하는 데 활용도가 매우 높을 것으로 기대된다

거주인구의 시공간 변화 및 영향요인 분석: 전라북도 전주시 사례를 중심으로

양지철,김주애,조국,이상완 한국산업경영시스템학회 2023 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.46 No.3

This study (1) explored spatio-temporal population distribution patterns in Jeonju by using emerging hot spot analysis and(2) identified the influential factors to determine the spatio-temporal patterns by using multinomial logit model. The major findings are as follows. First, the results of emerging hot spot analysis indicated that the 100*100m grid in the urban area of Jeonjuwas found to have a category of hot spots, whereas most of the cold spot series was concentrated in the outskirts of the city. Also, new towns such as Jeonju Eco City, Jeonbuk Innovation City, and Hyocheon District were persistent or intensifying hotspots, Third, the results of multinomial logit model revealed that the factors influencing deterrmining the spatio-temporal patternswere accessibility to schools, hospitals, parks, and walfare services. This study offered a deeper understanding of urbanization and regional changes in Jeonju, and important information for urban planning.

건조지역 원격탐사 footprint 내 토양수분의 시공간적 변동성 분석

황교택(Hwang Kyotaek),조훈식(Cho Hun sik),이승오(Lee Seung Oh),최민하(Choi Minha) 대한토목학회 2010 대한토목학회논문집 B Vol.30 No.3B

지표에서의 토양수분은 수문학적, 생태학적 과정에서 지표면과 대기 사이의 물과 에너지의 교환을 조절하는 매우 중요한 인자로써 최근 이의 시공간적 변동성에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2004년 6~9월에 걸쳐 추진되었던 Soil Moisture Experiment 2004(SMEX04) 프로젝트를 통하여 측정된 미국 Arizona 주의 Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed 유역에 대한 토양수분 데이터를 이용하여 건조 지역에서의 토양수분의 시공간적 변동성을 통계적 방법으로 해석하였다. 시간 안정도를 분석하여 각 지점의 강우사상에 대한 민감도를 분석하였고 공간 변동성 분석을 통해 유역 내 강우관측소 주변 5개 지점을 대상으로 각 지점의 평균토양수분과 이의 표준편차 및 변동계수와의 관계를 파악하였다. 연구 결과, 대상지역에서 토양수분의 공간적인 분포는 대수정규분포가 적합하다는 것과 건조지역에서 보이는 공통된 특징인 높은 공간적 변동성을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 시간 안정도 분석을 통해 지점별로 시간과 강우 발생에 대해 민감한 정도를 분석하였으며, 강우사상이 토양수분에 큰 영향을 주는 인자인 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 도출된 토양수분의 시공간적 변동 특성은 차후 인공위성 토양수분 데이터의 retrieval algorithm을 개선하는데 도움이 될 것이다. Soil moisture is a key factor to control the exchange of water and energy between the surface and the atmosphere. In recent, many researches for spatial and temporal variability analyses of soil moisture have been conducted. In this study, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variability of soil moisture in Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Arizona, U.S. during the Soil Moisture Experiment 2004 (SMEX04). The spatio-temporal variability analyses were performed to understand sensitivity of five observation sites with precipitation and relationship between mean soil moisture, and its standard deviation and coefficient of variation at the sites, respectively. It was identified that log-normal distribution was superior to replicate soil moisture spatial patterns. In addition, precipitation was identified as a key physical factor to understand spatio-temporal variability of soil moisure based on the temporal stability analysis. Based on current results, higher spatial variability was also observed which was agreed with the results of previous studies. The results from this study should be essential for improvement of the remotely sensed soil moisture retrieval algorithm.