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Application of a sorbent trap system to gas-phase elemental and oxidized mercury analysis
Zhang, Z.,Eom, Y.,Lee, M.J.,Lee, T.G. Pergamon Press 2016 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.154 No.-
A sorbent trap that utilizes activated carbon (AC) as the solid trapping medium is a new technology for measuring total mercury (Hg) emissions from combustion facilities. In this study, sorbent trap technology was further developed, improved and evaluated at the laboratory scale. AC was impregnated with 5% aqua regia to enhance its Hg adsorption capacity. Sorbent traps spiked with an Hg standard solution were found to be reproducibly prepared and highly stable. The effect of the Hg concentration on the spiking efficiency was further investigated. The adsorption of elemental and oxidized Hg by the sorbent trap was studied under various experimental conditions (temperature, flow rate and inlet Hg concentration). The Hg concentration of the flue gas effluent from the sorbent trap was measured. In addition, the concentration of Hg adsorbed on the AC was determined by digesting the used AC with an acid according to US EPA method 3052 and then analyzing it with cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Furthermore, the gas-phase Hg emissions from a combustion source were measured using the sorbent trap according to US EPA method 30B. The results showed that the sorbent trap could be used for Hg concentrations between 10.0 and 40.0 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> and flow rates between 0.5 and 1.0 lpm with adsorption efficiencies greater than 90%.
Membrane Extraction-IMS System을 이용한 Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS)의 포집/분석법 개발에 관한 연구
엄인용 ( In Yong Eom ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.10 No.1
Membrane Extraction Sorbent Interface(MESI), Ion Mobility Spectrometer(IMS), Needle Trap Device(NTD), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS) Membrane extraction module (ME)과 ion mobility spectrometer (IMS)을 연결한 system을 이용하여 Dimethyl sulfide (DMS)의 포집 및 분석 가능성에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. ME module을 이용하여 공기 중으로부터 DMS를 분리 가능성을 IMS의 플라즈마그램 (plasmagram) 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. ME with a sorbent interface (MESI) system의 흡착 tube 개발을 위해, Needle Trap Device (NTD)를 먼저 제작하여 DMS에 대한 열탈착 온도 (thermal desorption temperature)와 시간에 따른 carry-over (%)를 수행하였다. 본보고서의 실험 결과는 DMS 포집/분석에 이용할 수 있는 현장 분석이 가능한 (field affordable analysis) MESI-IMS system 개발에 이용될 것이다.
Gold 첨착 활성탄을 이용한 Hg 제거 및 Sorbent trap 개발
송영철,이태규,엄유진 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
연간 1960 ton의 수은이 환경으로 배출되고 있으며, 석탄 연소에 따른 수은배출은 높은 비율을 차지하고 있다. 2016년 발효예정인 미나마타 협약에 대응하기 위해, 국내 수은 배출 실태를 실시간으로 측정할 시스템이 필요하다. sorbent trap system은 비교적 낮은 가격과 간편한 분석과정을 통해 수은배출시설에서 수은의 농도를 측정할 수 있는 방법이다. 본 연구는 수은배출시설에서 배출되는 gas상 수은의 농도를 측정하기 위한 수은 흡착 트랩 개발을 목적으로 수행되었다. 흡착제인 활성탄에 정확한 수은을 spiking 하기 위한 방법을 제시하기 위해 수은과 결합력이 높은 할로겐 물질과 금속물질을 활성탄에 첨착시켜, Hg spiking 효율을 비교하였다. 첨착물질의 종류 및 함량에 따른 Hg spiking 효율비교 실험결과, 기존 활성탄 대비 15~20% 이상 높은 Hg spiking 효율을 나타내었으며, Au 함량비교 실험 시 특정 조건에서 97% 이상의 spiking 효율을 보였다. 위 흡착제의 Hg 흡착특성을 알아보기 위한 Hg 흡착실험을 진행하였으며, 이를 이용하여 수은 흡착 트랩을 제작한 뒤 Hg의 농도 및 gas 유량, 온도변화에 따른 흡착성능 Test를 진행하였다.
Eom, In-Yong,Jung, Min-Ji Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6
A fast and simple sampling and sample preparation device, (NTD) has been developed and applied to sample and analyze volatile components from ground coffee beans. Coffee fragrances and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled by the NTD and then analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Divinylbenzene (DVB) particles (80/100 mesh size) were the sorbent bed of the NTD. More than 150 volatile components were first identified based on the database of the mass library and then finally 30 fragrances including caffeine were further confirmed by comparing experimental retention indices (i.e. Kovat index) with literature retention indices. Total sampling time was 10 minutes and no extra solvent extraction and/or reconstitution step need. Straight n-alkanes (C6-C20) were used as retention index probes for the calculation of experimental retention indices. In addition, this report suggests that an empty needle can be an alternative platform for analyzing polymers by pyrolysis-GC/MS.
엄인용,Min-Ji Jung 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6
A fast and simple sampling and sample preparation device, (NTD) has been developed and applied to sample and analyze volatile components from ground coffee beans. Coffee fragrances and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled by the NTD and then analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Divinylbenzene (DVB) particles (80/100 mesh size) were the sorbent bed of the NTD. More than 150 volatile components were first identified based on the database of the mass library and then finally 30 fragrances including caffeine were further confirmed by comparing experimental retention indices (i.e. Kovat index) with literature retention indices. Total sampling time was 10 minutes and no extra solvent extraction and/ or reconstitution step need. Straight n-alkanes (C6-C20) were used as retention index probes for the calculation of experimental retention indices. In addition, this report suggests that an empty needle can be an alternative platform for analyzing polymers by pyrolysis-GC/MS.
폐기물 소각시설에서의 수은 배출특성 및 최신 측정방법 적용성 평가 연구
김희진 ( Hee-jin Kim ),김정훈 ( Jeong-hun Kim ),김종현 ( Jong-hyeon Kim ),박정민 ( Jung-min Park ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.36 No.7
Recently, there has been growing interest in the emission characteristics and behavior of anthropogenic mercury compounds from emission sources. It is required to establish a standard for reliable mercury measurement methods. To address this necessity, this study has evaluated the applicability of the new measurement method, Continuous Emission Monitoring (US EPA 30A, CEM). In addition, the reliability evaluation was conducted through the Ontario Hydro Method (ASTM D6784, OHM) and Sorbent trap method (US EPA Method 30B). Monitoring for three months using CEM from municipal waste and hospital incinerators indicated that emission concentrations ranged from 5 to 20 μg/Sm<sup>3</sup> with an average concentration of 10.48 μg/Sm<sup>3</sup> and the maximum mercury concentration was about 150 μg/Sm<sup>3</sup> in municipal incinerators. In the case of hospital waste incinerators, the variation of the mercury emission concentration was large, with an average of 16.74 μg/Sm<sup>3</sup> and a maximum of 280 μg/Sm<sup>3</sup>. This may be due to unintentional waste intermittently fed into incinerators, and episodes associated with high concentrations of mercury emissions have been shown to be relatively short (several hours). No problems were encountered during sampling or analysis, and the reported data are believed to be representative of the stack conditions at the time of testing. As a result of the RATAs (Relative Accuracy Test Audits) by inter-mercury measurement methods for the municipal waste and the hospital waste incinerators, it was found that both facilities satisfied the RATAs by the proposed standard evaluation method. More measurements, including Hg sources, are to be carried out in the future to have a clear scenario of Hg emissions from the country and to be able to apply effective control measures.