WCDMA 기반의 저전력 정치망 어군 정보전송 모듈 개발

이동길,구명성,허겸,정지원,임효혁,배재현 한국수산해양기술학회 2023 수산해양기술연구 Vol.59 No.3

Fish school monitoring technology is utilized for various purposes, such as boat fishing and resource surveys. With advancements in information and communication technology, this technology has expanded its application to remote areas. Its significance has grown in fishing sites, particularly for improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of set-net fishing. Set-net fishing gears are not limited to coastal areas, but are also installed in inland and remote sea regions. Consequently, fishermen require technology that allows them to quickly transmit information about approaching fish schools and enables them to perform long-term monitoring. The development of remote monitoring technology for set-net fish schools must consider crucial design factors such as communication range, transmission speed, power consumption of information modules, and operational expenses. In this study, we developed a low-power remote monitoring module for set-net fish school based on WCDMA. The module was specifically designed to minimize power consumption, allowing for communication over long distances and extended operation times in set-net fishing applications. Furthermore, we developed a web server software application that enables remote access to fish schools and provides real-time weather information. The performance of the developed module was evaluated through set-net fishing site application and experiments with moving ships on the sea. The experimental results demonstrated that the remote monitoring system, consisting of the developed low-power remote monitoring module for set-net fish school based on WCDMA and a fish finder, had an average power consumption of 4.6 W, a maximum communication range of 22.84 km, and a data transmission and reception rate of 98.79%. The maximum fish school information transmission and reception rate was 97.26%. 어군 모니터링 기술은 어류의 군집현상을 탐지하기 위한 목적에서 어선어업 또는 자원조사 연구와 같이 다양한 분야에 사용되고 있다. 최근 어군 모니터링 기술은 정보통신기술 발달로 인해 원격지에서도 가능한 수준으로 발전하여 해당 기술의 적용 적용 범위는 많은 영역으로 확대되고 있다. 특히, 이와 같은 기술은 정치망 어업의 효율성 향상과 조업경비를 절감하기 위한 대책 마련으로 어업 현장에 필요한 기술이다. 하지만, 정치망 어구는 육상과 원거리 해역까지 설치되고 있어서, 어구로 유입되는 어군의 정보를 원격지로 빠르게 전송하고, 장시간 모니터링을 할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 따라서 정치망 어군 원격모니터링 기술개발을 위한 통신거리와 속도, 정보전송 모듈의 소비전력, 그리고 운영비용이 중요한 설계 요소로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 WCDMA 기반의 저전력 정치망 어군 정보전송 모듈을 개발하였다. 개발한 모듈은 정치망 어업에 적합하도록 먼 거리에서도 통신할 수 있고, 장시간 운용할 수 있도록 저전력 설계를 하였다. 또한 어군과 기상관측 정보를 원격지에서 확인할 수 있는 웹서버 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 개발한 모듈의 성능은 정치망 어업 현장 적용과 이동하는 선박의 해상실험을 통해 평가하였다. 실험 결과로부터, 개발한 WCDMA 기반의 저전력 정치망 어군 정보전송 모듈과 어군 탐지기로 구성한 원격모니터링 시스템의 평균 소비전력은 3.86 W이고, 최대 통신거리와 데이터 송수신율은 각각 22.84 km와 98.79%임을 확인할 수 있었다. 어군의 정보 송수신율은 최대 97.26%이었다.

Vulnerability Analysis on a VPN for a Remote Monitoring System

Kim Jung Soo,Kim Jong Soo,Park Il Jin,Min Kyung Sik,Choi Young Myung Korean Nuclear Society 2004 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.36 No.4

14 Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) in Korea use a remote monitoring system (RMS), which have been used in Korea since 1998. A Memorandum of Understanding on Remote Monitoring, based on Enhanced Cooperation on PWRs, was signed at the 10th Safeguards Review Meeting in October 2001 between the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Ministry Of Science and Technology (MOST). Thereafter, all PWR power plants applied for remote monitoring systems. However, the existing method is high cost (involving expensive telephone costs). So, it was eventually applied to an Internet system for Remote Monitoring. According to the Internet-based Virtual Private Network (VPN) applied to Remote Monitoring, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) came to an agreement with the IAEA, using a Member State Support Program (MSSP). Phase I is a Lab test. Phase II is to apply it to a target power plant. Phase III is to apply it to all the power plants. This paper reports on the penetration testing of Phase I. Phase I involved both domestic testing and international testing. The target of the testing consisted of a Surveillance Digital Integrated System (SDIS) Server, IAEA Server and TCNC (Technology Center for Nuclear Control) Server. In each system, Virtual Private Network (VPN) system hardware was installed. The penetration of the three systems and the three VPNs was tested. The domestic test involved two hacking scenarios: hacking from the outside and hacking from the inside. The international test involved one scenario from the outside. The results of tests demonstrated that the VPN hardware provided a good defense against hacking. We verified that there was no invasion of the system (SDIS Server and VPN; TCNC Server and VPN; and IAEA Server and VPN) via penetration testing.

Real-Time Remote-Health Monitoring Systems: a Review on Patients with Chronic Diseases

김지원,옥철호 세계섬학회 2022 World Environment and Island Studies Vol.12 No.1

The aging society are causing complicated problems from chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease in aged patients. Recently Covid pandemic swept across global aging societies and put aged people with chronic disease more vulnerable to mobidity. Therefore, from view of preventive and precision medicine, remote monitoring an aged people with chronic disease is an important issue than ever. Smart health care systems as remote monitoring is so called telemetry system which enable doctors or health care providers to manage remotely to consult, diagnose and treat patients with chronic disease and infectious disease as well. The goal of telemetry system is to meet timely medical need in aged patients in distant place through communication technologies. Through technological breakthrough, particularly in real-time health care industry, Telemetry system with realtime mornitoring of heart rhythm and blood glucose level can play an important role in managing healthcare services in aged patients. This report introduces a comprehensive and inclusive review on the usefulness of realtime patiens monitoring with wearable sensors in telemedicine applications. The findings of this report are as follows: (1) The advantage of real-time monitoring and blood glucose level and biofeedback based on visual data (2) The advantage of realtime-monitoring heart rhythm coupled with blood glucose level. (3) There is an additional need to produce a digital imaging from protable diagnostic divices such as X-ray and ultrasound.

네트워크를 이용한 온실 감시 시스템의 개발

임정호,류관희,진제용 한국농업기계학회 2003 바이오시스템공학 Vol.28 No.1

this study was carried out to design, construct, and test a greenhouse monitoring system for the environment and status of control devices in a greenhouse from a remote site using internet. The measuring items selected out of many environmental factors were temperature, humidity, solar radiation, CO_2, SO_x, NO_x concentration, EC, pH of nutrient solution, the state of control devices, and the image of greenhouse. The network system consists of the three kinds of monitors named the Group Monitor and the Server Monitor and the Server Monitor. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1.The measuring module named the House Monitor, which is used to watch the state of the control device and the environment of the greenhouse, was developed to a embedded monitoring module using one chip microprocessor. 2.For all measuring items, the House Monitor showed a satisfactory accuracy within the range of ±0.3%FS. The House Monitors were connected to the Group Monitor by communication method of RS-485 type and could operate under power and communication fault condition within 10 hours. The Group Monitor was developed to receive and display measurement data received from the House and to control the greenhouse environmental devices. 3.The image of the plants inside greenhouse were captured by PC camera and sent to the Group Monitor. the greenhouse manager was able to monitor the growth state of plants inside greenhouse without visiting individual greenhouse. 4.Remote monitoring the greenhouse environment and status of control devices was implemented in a client/server environment. The client monitor of the greenhouse manager at a remote site or other greenhouse manager was able to monitor the greenhouse environment and the state of control devices from the Server Monitor using internet.

마을 공동 우물용 지하수 정수 장치의 원격 모니터링 시스템 개발

김동진,박상흡,이홍섭 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.11

Recently, the pollution of groundwater has become serious. In particular, the contamination of groundwater near livestock farms is becoming increasingly severe and it is difficult to drink with drinking water. In this paper, a groundwater purifier apparatus that can be installed in a community well was designed. The designed groundwater purifier apparatus enables a RO membrane filter and UV sterilization to remove pollutants, such as heavy metals, bacteria, and organic compounds. In addition, electrical conductivity, pressure, and flow sensors were added for remote monitoring. Remote monitoring of the system can determine the level of fouling and contamination of RO membrane filters through pressure and flow sensor data, and can record changes in the contamination and condition of groundwater through the electrical conductivity of the feed water. The designed groundwater purifier apparatus was installed at a farmhouse and remote monitoring. The result after 15 days of operating a groundwater purifier apparatus and analyzing the monitoring data revealed an average permeate water flow rate of 2.67L/min and an average water pressure of 7.09kgf/cm2, indicating that the RO Membrane filtered without fouling and clogging. The average electrical conductivity was 796.6 S/cm2 of the feed water and 55.6 S/cm2 of permeate water, which is similar to that of general tap water. Through this, it was confirmed that no pollutant occurred in the surroundings. Therefore, the designed groundwater purifier apparatus can confirm the replacement time of the RO membrane filter in advance through remote monitoring, and check the pollution state of the groundwater. 최근 지하수의 오염이 심각해지고 있다. 특히 축산농가 근처의 지하수 오염은 더욱 심해지고 있으며, 음용수로 마시기 어렵다. 그러나 일부 지역에서는 오염된 것을 알면서도 마시고 있다. 본 논문에서는 마을 공동우물에 설치할 수 있는 지하수 정수 장치를 설계 하였다. 설계된 지하수 정수 장치는 RO 멤브레인 필터를 사용하고, UV 살균을 통해 중금속, 박테리아, 유기화합물 등의 오염물질을 제거할 수 있게 하였다. 또한 원격 모니터링을 위해 전기 전도도, 압력, 유량 등의 센서를 부가하였다. 원격으로 모니터링하는 압력 및 유량 데이터로 RO 멤브레인 필터의 파울링 및 오염의 여부를 판단할 수 있으며, 급수의 전기전도도를 통해 유입되는 지하수의 오염 및 상태의 변동을 파악할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 설계된 지하수 정수 장치를 시골 농가에 설치하여 원격 모니터링 하였다. 15일간 지하수 정수 장치를 운영하고 모니터링 데이터를 분석한 결과, 생산수 유량은 평균 2.67L/min이고 급수의 압력 평균 7.09kgf/cm2로 RO 멤브레인 필터가 파울링 및 막힘없이 필터링되고 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. 또한 평균 전기전도도는 급수 796.6 uS/cm2이고 생산수 55.6 uS/cm2로 일반적인 수돗물과 유사한 값을 나타내고 있어 주변에 오염원이 발생하지 않았음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 설계된 지하수 정수 장치는 원격 모니터링을 통해 필터의 교체 시점을 미리 확인할 수 있고, 지하수의 오염 여부에 대한 상태 확인이 가능하다.

A multipurpose smart activity monitoring system for personalized health services

Park, K.,Lim, S. Elsevier science 2015 Information sciences Vol.314 No.-

One of the most popular types of personal health device is the activity monitor, which is attached to the user's wrist or waist in order to measure physical activity data such as exercise time/duration and calorie consumption. However, for the purpose of checking the physical conditions, medical staffs may want to check remotely the movement of a patient's body parts. Given that it has an activity sensor to measure the speed of a user's movement, an activity monitor can also be used to track the movement of a user's body part. In this paper, a multipurpose smart activity monitoring system for personalized health services is proposed. The purpose of the system is twofold. The first purpose is to perform easily smart monitoring of a user's physical activity. The system proposed in this paper is referred to as ''smart'' because the personal activity monitor can be managed remotely through the management commands issued by the monitoring server. The personal data, device data or programs installed in the personal activity monitor can be updated remotely by the monitoring server or medical staffs, and error reports can be delivered to the server or the medical staffs for personalized health services. To do this, the ISO/IEEE 11073 and OMA DM communication protocols are extended and the protocol transformation between two protocols is performed. The second purpose is to perform convenient motion tracking of a user's body part in order to monitor the speed of the body part, as well as its tracking path. The system is also referred as ''multipurpose'' since the activity monitor can be used in motion tracking as well as in activity monitoring. The objects in motion to be tracked remotely by medical staffs can be a human body part. To do this, in addition to the acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor is installed in the personal activity monitor and the movement data captured by the activity monitor is analyzed to show 2-way views of the movement of the body part on which the activity monitor is attached. Then medical staffs can check remotely the physical conditions of the body part in various ways.

하천 수질 감시에서 비디오 원격탐사와 이화학적 샘플링 조사의 비교평가

엄정섭 경북대학교 사회과학대학 지리학과 2006 地理學論究 Vol.- No.25

현재 하천 수질 감시는 전적으로 현지 조사에 의거한 이화학적 수질 측정망에 의존하고 있다. 전통적인 현장 샘플링은 조사자 개인의 주관성, 조사지점 선정과정에서 일관성 부족 등으로 인해 특정오염원에 기인한 하천수질의 광역적인 변화 패턴을 파악하는 데 상당한 한계를 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 현지조사 기법 자체가 가지고 있는 한계는 현재의 단일한 기법에 의존하고 방식으로서는 해결될 수 없으며 다양한 관련 기술을 동시에 적용하는 접근이 필요하다. 하천과 같이 선형의 특성을 가진 공간 객체의 원격감시에 항공비디오가 최적의 특성을 가지고 있다는 기존의 각종 연구결과에 의거하여 하천 수질감시에서 항공비디오와 현지조사와의 비교 평가를 시도하고자 본 연구가 출발하였다. 두 기법에 대해 정보의 광역성, 현지의 정황에 대한 구체성, 고객의 요구사항을 수용할 수 있을 정도의 정보 적합성 등 실무적인 차원에서 비교평가가 이루어졌다. 비디오 샘플링 기법은 다양한 샘플지점에서 나타나는 하천 색조의 변화추세를 가시적으로 파악할 수 있었으며 전통적인 현장 샘플링 방법으로는 추적하는 데 상당한 한계가 있는 특정오염원에 기인한 하천수질의 광역적인 변화패턴을 파악하는 데 상당한 가능성을 보여주었다. 하지만 특정 지점에서 시료를 채취하는 현지 샘플링조사는 장거리에 걸친 하천의 수질감시를 위해서는 상당한 한계를 노출하였다. 이와 같이 영구적으로 보전된 영상기록은 오염 물질의 이동확산 등 수질환경의 광역적인 변화 추이에 대한 시각적인 정보를 제공하고 있어 현장샘플링과 동시에 사용할 경우 하천수질감시에 있어 상당히 유용한 도구가 될 수 있음을 보여주었다. At present monitoring for river water quality is based mainly on field sampling. Field sampling survey for river water quality was subject to various inherent limitations, such as personal subjectivity and error in identification of the ground condition. Many inventorying and monitoring problems are not solved entirely by any one approach: no single data-acquisition methodology can satisfy all of the monitoring needs. Based on the postulated advantages of video for corridor monitoring, a comparison between airborne video survey and field sampling approach has been specifically proposed with focus on river water quality monitoring. An exhaustive and realistic comparison of the two techniques was conducted, based on video data and field survey data. Both techniques have been investigated for a variety of aspects: synoptic information, ground detail and information adequacy for customer requirement. The video imagery was able to isolate the area-wide water quality with reliable spatial precision. Although field survey has already gained worldwide recognition by environmental scientists as a typical method of river water quality monitoring, this approach did not provide a level of information that is either scientifically reliable or economically feasible in terms of river water quality management. The observations obtained from this project have implications for the suitability of the video sampling for water quality monitoring in general and other levels of monitoring for river water could be adjusted, based on the understanding of the inherent capability of video sampling shown in this project.

Development of Hardware for the Architecture of A Remote Vital Sign Monitor

장동욱(Jang, Dong-Wook),장성환(Jang, Seong-Whan),정병조(Jeong, Byoung-Jo),조현섭(Cho, Hyeon-Seob) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.7

무선 체온 모니터기는 무선으로 체온을 모니터 하기 위해 설계된 건강관리 시스템이다. 무선 체온 모니터기 는 낮은 가격과 손쉬운 사용방법으로 병원 장치와 비교할만한 정확도와 몇몇 특성들을 제공한다. 무선 체온 모니터기 는 밴드 파트와 모니터 파트로 구성되어 있다. 밴드 파트와 모니터 파트 모두 2.4GHz 직접 시퀀스 확산 스펙트럼 라 디오가 내장되어 있는 칩콘2430, 일명 CC2430라는 마이크로 칩으로 사용한다. 이 CC2430은 무선 체온 모니터기가 집안 100피트 반경까지 상호 작동할 수 있게 해준다. 간단한 사용자 환경은 사용자로 하여금 손쉽게 고온과 저온의 한계점을 세팅할 수 있게 되어있다. 만약 사용자의 체온이 고온과 저온의 한계점을 넘어섰을 때 알람이 울리게 되어 있다. 알람은 저전압 오디오 증폭기와 스피커에 연결되어 작동되게 되어있다. 정확한 체온을 계산하기 위해 무선 체 온 모니터기는 반드시 정확한 온도 검출장치를 사용해야만 한다. GE Sensing에서 선택된 서미스터는 온도 측정의 예 민함과 정확함을 모두 만족시킨다. LCD 화면은 길이 64.5mm 폭 16.4mm의 백라이트 기능을 가추고 있으며 이 기능 은 사용자가 어두운 환경이나 밝은 환경에서도 적어도 3피트 거리에서 화면을 모니터 할 수 있게 해준다. A Remote Vital Sign Monitor is an in-home healthcare system designed to wirelessly monitor core-body temperature. The Remote Vital Sign Monitor provides accuracy and features which are comparable to hospital equipment while minimizing cost with ease-of-use. It has two parts, a bandage and a monitor. The bandage and the monitor both use the Chipcon2430(CC2430) which contains an integrated 2.4GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum radio. The CC2430 allows Remote Vital Sign Monitor to operate at over a 100-foot indoor radius. A simple user interface allows the user to set an upper temperature and a lower temperature that is monitored with respect to the core-body temperature. If the core-body temperature exceeds the one of two defined temperatures, the alarm will sound. The alarm is powered by a low-voltage audio amplifier circuit which is connected to a speaker. In order to accurately calculate the core-body temperature, the Remote Vital Sign Monitor must utilize an accurate temperature sensing device. The thermistor selected from GE Sensing satisfies the need for a sensitive and accurate temperature reading. The LCD monitor has a screen size that measures 64.5mm long by 16.4mm wide and also contains back light, and this should allow the user to clearly view the monitor from at least 3 feet away in both light and dark situations.

위성영상을 활용한 해안선 탐지 연구동향

강태순,유호준,황예진 해양환경안전학회 2023 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.29 No.6

빠르게 변화하는 연안지형과 연안침식의 동적변화 현상을 이해하기 위해서는 시·공간의 연속성이 포함된 짧은 주기 그리고 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다. 최근 영상 모니터링 분석기술 발전과 함께 원격감지를 활용한 연안 모니터링 연구가 다수 이루어지고 있다. 원격 감지는 일반적으로 항공기나 위성으로부터 거리를 두고 측정된 영상을 활용하여 객체나 지역에 관한 정보를 추출하는 기술로 연안 지형변화를 빠르고 정확하게 분석할 수 있는 장점이 있어 그 활용도가 점차 증가하는 추세이다. 원격 위성영상 기반 해안선 탐지는 위성영상으로부터 측정가능한 해안선 정의, 해안선 탐지기술 적용을 통한 해안선 추출로 수행된다. 기존 문헌에서 조사된 다양한 자료로부터 위성 영상기반 해안선 정의, 원격 위성영상 현황, 기존 연구동향, 위성영상 기반 해안선 탐지 기술연구 동향을 분석하였으며, 분석 결과로부터 최신 연구동향, 이상적인 해안선 추출 및 고도화된 디지털 모니터링과의 연계를 위한 실용적 기법을 검토을 위한 연구를 제언한다. 향후 한반도 전역의 변화 경향과 침식정도의 파악을 위해서는 국지적 모니터링에서 벗어나, 광역 위성 영상 등 디지털 모니터링을 활용한 능동적인 모니터링 체계를 구축할 필요가 있으며 해안선 탐지 분야는 지속적인 연구와 분석 기술의 발전이 가속화 될 것으로 판단된다. To comprehensively grasp the dynamic changes in the coastal terrain and coastal erosion, it is imperative to incorporate temporal and spatial continuity through frequent and continuous monitoring. Recently, there has been a proliferation of research in coastal monitoring using remote sensing, accompanied by advancements in image monitoring and analysis technologies. Remote sensing, typically involves collection of images from aircraft or satellites from a distance, and offers distinct advantages in swiftly and accurately analyzing coastal terrain changes, leading to an escalating trend in its utilization. Remote satellite image-based coastal line detection involves defining measurable coastal lines from satellite images and extracting coastal lines by applying coastal line detection technology. Drawing from the various data sources surveyed in existing literature, this study has comprehensively analyzed encompassing the definition of coastal lines based on satellite images, current status of remote satellite imagery, existing research trends, and evolving landscape of technology for satellite image-based coastal line detection. Based on the results, research directions, on latest trends, practical techniques for ideal coastal line extraction, and enhanced integration with advanced digital monitoring were proposed. To effectively capture the changing trends and erosion levels across the entire Korean Peninsula in future, it is vital to move beyond localized monitoring and establish an active monitoring framework using digital monitoring, such as broad-scale satellite imagery. In light of these results, it is anticipated that the coastal line detection field will expedite the progression of ongoing research practices and analytical technologies.

REMOTE MONITORING OF WIND-PHOTOVOLTAIC HYBRID GENERATION SYSTEM USING MOBILE PHONE AND INTERNET

허정초(Xu Zhenchao),문채주(Moon Chaejoo),장영학(Chang Younghak),임정민(Lim Jungmin),김태곤(Kim Taegon) 대한전기학회 2007 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

In this paper, a remote monitoring system of wind-photovoltaic hybrid generation system using mobile phone and internet has been developed. Many kinds of data can be acquired, analyzed and saved automatically by this system. The hybrid system is composed of l[㎾] PV with DC/DC converter, battery banks and 5[㎾] wind power system with power inductor and AC/DC converter. In addition, wind monitoring sensors, voltage and current meters, current transformers and potential transformers are used as accessory instruments. All of these signals are fed into DAQ <Data Acquisition> board after converting the data which have been processed by many types of converters, dividing circuits and signal conditioning circuits. These data can not only be displayed on a computer, transmitted using the server program to remote computer and saved on a computer as a file day by day but also be sent as a CDMA message. The monitored-data can be downloaded, analyzed and saved from server program in real-time via mobile phone or internet at a remote place. All of the programs were designed with Lab VIEW software.