기업신뢰와 고객시민행동 간 관계지속의도의 매개효과 - 제주지역 4, 5성급 호텔을 중심으로

김현미(Hyun-Mi Kim),이상규(Sang-Kyu Lee) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2020 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.14 No.7

본 연구는 기업신뢰와 고객시민행동 간에 영향관계를 분석하고 기업신뢰가 고객시민행동에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 관계지속의도의 매개적 역할을 검증하기 위한 것으로, 기업신뢰, 관계지속의도, 고객시민행동 등 호텔기업의 고객과의 관계형성을 강화하기 위한 마케팅 방안을 연구하는 것이 목적이다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업신뢰는 고객시민행동에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 부분적으로 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기업신뢰 중 기업신용도와 기업전문성은 고객애호도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업신뢰 기업신뢰와 고객시민행동중 기업신용도는 고객협조에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 기업전문성은 고객협조에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 관계지속의도는 기업신뢰와 고객시민행동 간에 매개적 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 관계지속의도는 기업신용도가 고객애호도에 영향을 미치는데 있어서, 기업신용도가 고객협조에 영향을 미치는데 있어서, 그리고 기업전문성이 고객애호도에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 부분적 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 기업전문성이 고객협조에 영향을 미치는데 있어 관계지속의도는 완전매개 역할을 수행하는 것으로 분석되었다. This study is purposed to make sure of the Effects of Enterprise Trust on Relation-Continuing Intention and the Mediation Effects of Relation-Continuing Intention in the effects of Enterprise Trust on Customer Citizenship Behavior. Enterprise Trust consists of two elements(Enterprise Sincerity, Enterprise Ability), Customer Citizenship Behavior is made up of two elements(Guest Preference, Guest Cooperation) and Relation-Continuing Intention has one element itself. As a result, two things have been found. First, Enterprise Trust has a partly positive impact on Customer Citizenship Behavior. In details, both of two elements of Enterprise Trust have positive influences on Guest Preference, one element of Customer Citizenship Behavior, on the other hand, Enterprise Sincerity, one element of Enterprise Trust has a positive influence on Guest Preference, one element of Customer Citizenship Behavior but Enterprise Ability, the other element of Enterprise Trust, has no meaningful impact on Guest Preference. Second, Relation-Continuing Intention has a mediating effect between Enterprise Trust and Customer Citizenship Behavior. In details, Relation-Continuing Intention has a partial mediating role between Enterprise Sincerity and Guest Preference, between Enterprise Ability and Guest Preference and between Enterprise Sincerity and Guest Cooperation. However Relation-Continuing Intention has a full mediating role between Enterprise Ability and Guest Cooperation.

Research on the Formation Mechanism and Realization Path of Harmonious Labor Relations in the New Employment Form

이장강,셰무한 한국생산성학회 2022 生産性論集 Vol.36 No.-

In the context of the development of new employment patterns, emerging enterprises are rapidly developing following the footsteps of the Internet. In the process of enterprise development, labor-management conflicts between employees and employers may arise. Previous studies have found that five parties: employees, government, enterprises, trade unions and social organizations can improve employee job satisfaction or employer satisfaction in manufacturing enterprises. However, in the new form of employment with the rapid development of network, will labor relations also be affected by these five parties? Based on labor relations theory, this study investigates the effect of the five parties: employee self-control, enterprise management, trade union consultation, government guidance, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) supervision on the establishment of harmonious labor relations in the context of new employment patterns. In this study, a questionnaire was used and 361 employees were used as the data sample. The analysis of the results showed that employees’ self-control, enterprises management and government guidance had a significant positive effect on the establishment of harmonious labor relations, trade union consultation had no significant positive effect on harmonious labor relations, and NGOs supervision had no significant negative effect on harmonious labor relations. The results of this study suggest management suggestions for the different effects of the five parties’ labor relations coordination power on harmonious labor relations. Firstly, the improvement of employees’ self-control has the greatest effect on harmonious labor relations. In view of this, the main suggestions are: First, practitioners should have a clear understanding of themselves, make up for their own shortcomings, continue to learn to improve their professionalism, and better play the role of the master; second, practitioners should change their traditional fixed mindset, strengthen their knowledge of democratic management, and actively participate in the democratic management of the enterprise. Secondly, the improvement of enterprise management and government guidance has a positive impact on the construction of harmonious labor relations. The following management recommendations are made: Enterprise managers need to guide employees to learn, increase professional quality and further study opportunities, create an atmosphere of learning organization and improve the working ability of practitioners. This can be applied not only to Chinese workers, but also to practitioners of Korean platform economy enterprises. The government should pay attention to the interests of enterprises and employees, and formulate appropriate policies that are conducive to labor-management relations. Thirdly, the trade union consultation has no significant impact on harmonious labor relations. In order to further build a harmonious labor relationship between employees and employers, the following policy suggestions are put forward: establish a reasonable, legal and compliant trade union organization serving employees and management. Trade union organizations should improve their own visibility through corresponding measures, so that employees recognize the importance and convenience of trade unions, join the organization and development of trade unions, and gradually grow and expand trade union organizations for common development, interdependence, mutual benefit and win-win; Third, improve the professional and theoretical education of relevant staff of trade unions, increase the participation of professionals, and ensure that they play a correct and positive role. Fourthly, the following recommendations are made to address the point that the impact of NGOs supervision on harmonious labor relations shows a non-significant negative effect. The focus of NGOs should not only be on the direction of practitioners, but also on monitoring the market behav...

패션 사회적기업과 공익연계마케팅의 유사한 사회적가치 추구 활동에 대한 소비자 반응 연구

서민정 ( Min Jeong Seo ) 한국의류학회 2019 한국의류학회지 Vol.43 No.4

This study first investigates relationships among fashion consumer's positive emotion toward social value seeking activities (SVSA), enterprise image (EI), enterprise-perceived quality (EPQ), and purchase intention. Additionally, it demonstrates if the confirmed relationships are different in similar SVSA between social enterprise and cause-related marketing (CRM). An online experiment using a 2 (the implementation organization of social values: social enterprise vs CRM) × 2 (SVSA: support of vulnerable group vs environmental protection) factorial design was conducted to test the established hypotheses. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions, and the collected data were analyzed using a partial least squares structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and partial least squares multi-group analysis (PLS-MGA). The results revealed that positive emotion toward SVSA directly influenced EI and purchase intention. EI and EPQ were identified as sequential mediators linking positive emotion toward SVSA and purchase intention. A finding for similarity in consumer response paths between social enterprises and CRM highlights that social enterprises need to develop a marketing strategy distinguished from CRM.

종교와 기업, 그리고 사회적기업: 종교-경제 관계의 분석적 고찰

전명수 21세기기독교사회문화아카데미 2020 신학과 사회 Vol.34 No.3

This paper was conducted to select specific religious enterprises and social enterprises that are evaluated as best practices of religious enterprises, to examine their characteristics, and to complement the theory of religious-economic relations and to suggest new perspectives. The religious enterprises chosen as exemplary cases in this paper are the Wanamaker Department Store, Yuhan Corporation of Yu Ilhan, both based on Christian ideology, and the two social enterprises based on the Buddhist spirit, Mind Design and Touch4Good. Religious enterprises start from the religious beliefs of the entrepreneurial but the entity is a worker, so that mutual respect is required in the relationship between the two. As devout Christians, the two business owners are particularly interested in employee and technician education. This indicates that they have interests and responsibilities for the workers' welfare as well as their future. Religion-economic relations have recently changed from an approach to economic growth with a focus on the everyday life view. Thus one characteristic is that the products of religious enterprises are closely related to the daily lives of their customers. There is a strong social perception that religion and economy are far apart, but religious companies should pay more active attention to profits that will serve as a means of sharing activities, and pursuing profit while managing properly with the spirit of stewardship seems to be possible when approaching religion in a creative new way. Mind Design was won only by creative idea strategy that incorporated the spirit of Buddhist practice community into the enterprise. The upcycling system in which Touch4Good makes new products from the waste is the result of the creative approach of Buddhist ecological ideas. Such an economy is an area where religion should approach with the greatest interest. 본고는 종교기업의 모범적인 사례로 평가되는 구체적인 종교기반 기업 및 사회적기업을 선정해서 그 특성을 고찰하고 이를 중심으로 종교-경제의 관계 이론을 보완하고 새로운 관점에서 재검토하기 위해 시도된 것이다. 본고에서 선택된 종교기업은 기독교적 이념에 근거한 워너메이커 백화점과 유일한의 유한양행, 불교 정신이 기반이 된 사회적기업, 마인드디자인과 터치포굿이다. 종교기업은 기업주의 종교신앙에서 출발하지만 기업의 주체는 근로자여서 양자의 관계에서 상호존중이 요구된다. 독실한 기독교인으로서 두 기업주는 종업원과 기술자 교육에 특히 관심을 가졌는데, 이것은 그들이 근로자들의 복지 문제와 함께 그들의 미래에 대해서도 관심과 책임을 갖고 있음을 의미한다. 최근 종교-경제의 관계는 경제성장의 측면에서 접근하기보다는 인간의 삶과 생활이라는 일상화의 관점에 초점을 두는 것으로 변화하고 있거니와, 종교기업의 상품들이 고객들의 일상생활과 긴밀하게 연관되면서 그 가치를 구현하고 있다는 점도 한 가지 특성이다. 종교와 경제는 그 관계가 멀다는 사회적 인식이 강하지만 그럼에도 종교기업은 나눔 활동의 수단이 될 이윤에 대한 좀 더 적극적인 관심을 가져야 할 것이다. 청지기 정신에 기반한 정도경영을 하면서 이윤을 추구하는 것은 종교를 창의적인 새로운 방식으로 접근할 때 가능한 것으로, 마인드디자인은 불교 수행공동체 정신을 기업에 접목한 창의적 아이디어 전략만으로 승리했고, 터치포굿이 폐기물에서 새로운 제품을 만드는 업사이클링은 불교 생태사상의 창의적 접근이 이룩한 성과이다. 경제는 종교가 가장 관심 있게 다가가야 할 분야이다.

중국의 소유제 개혁과 정부-기업 관계 변화

정환우(Zheng Hwan-Woo) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.12 No.2

Focusing on government-enterprise relations and bureaucrat-enterpriser reations, this paper examine the cause, process and the results of ownership reform in late 1990s in southern Jiangsuprovince( Sunan Area), which has been attract so many attention as a reform and development model of socialist economic system without ownership change. The local government-led market oriented development model has formed in Sunan Areaand the local cadres executed the important role in this process. The distinctive feature of this model of government role was that the local government is a market behaviors as well as the supervisors(that is, regulators) of market. So, the aims of ownership reforms in ate 1990s was to divide the government-enterprise relations. But local governments and cadres' role has been maintained in directly and strongly without fundamental change. Firstly, the local governments remained as enterprise owners as well as owners of rural collective assets as before from the county-level governments in which introduced the limited-liability companies to township-level governments in which selled off the collective enterprises to private enterprisers. Secondly, local cadres and enterprisers connected in closely as before. That is to say, at present, the only changes is that, local cadres actually can transform for oneself to enterprisers and reverse, while before the ownership reform local cadres including the secretaries of local communist party branches were not only the bureaucrats but also the enterprisers in same time. Thirdly, local governments and cadres remained as marketized competitor as before. If it could increase there own incomes, local governments and cadres can put in operation the privatization - in many cases, privatization actually means the bankruptcy and sell off of enterprises, increasing unemployment - or effort to introduce the private enterprises and/or foreign enterprises. China's position in regarding the economic role of government or government-enterprise relations maybe the one point of a sequence line which link the two connecting points - the one is the combining point that divided local government-enterprises and the regularized market, that is, the best combination, the other side is undivided local government-enterprise relations and uncontrolled competition between the locals, that is, the worst combination. Up to now, in spite of the small possibility of going to worst combining point, closer to worst combining point implies that China should pay many costs in process of reform and development.

대․중소기업 해외동반진출 사업의 성과와 그 영향요소의 상대적 중요성: 한류연계와 해외홈쇼핑 사업을 중심으로

유혜방,정진섭 한국국제경영관리학회 2018 국제경영리뷰 Vol.22 No.1

Recently, the growth engine of the Korean economy has been falling. In particular, the growth centered on existing large enterprises has been now showing a limited effect on the vitality of the national economy, such as job creation, due to a decrease of ‘trickle down effect’. Moreover, Korea’s domestic market is small. In order for companies to grow, overseas advancement is inevitable. In this situation, it is a meaningful attempt to demonstrate the performance and factors' relative importance of joint businesses between large enterprises and SMEs entering into overseas together. More specifically, in this study, we conducted empirical analyses of the companies participating in the ‘Korean Wave-related’ and ‘Overseas Home Shopping’ business by the ‘Large and Small Business, Agriculture and Fishery Cooperation Foundation’. As a result of conducting empirical analysis on SMEs, it is found that cooperation activities in ‘product’, ‘market expansion’, ‘related synergy’, and ‘business context’ are generally positive in terms of the degree of cooperation between large and small companies and dependent variables (corporate performance). Specifically, as a result of multiple regression analysis, as the level of product, market, and related synergy increased, positive effect was shown on the performance of the companies and no significant statistical results were found on the ‘business context’. However, in the simple regression analysis, significant positive results were obtained. On the other hand, the results of the AHP analysis were as follows, based on the factors and components selected through the previous research and interviews with industry experts in order to measure the relative importance of the involved variables. In case of large-items, ‘market’ was the highest, followed by ‘product’, ‘business context’, and ‘related synergy’. In terms of sub-items, ‘product promotion’ was the highest, followed by ‘product improvement’, ‘new market’, ‘existing market’, ‘online market’, ‘improvement of relations’, ‘front-to-back synergy effect’, ‘information acquisition’, ‘image improvement’, and ‘other competitiveness’. In addition, we analyzed respective “Korean Wave-related” and “Overseas Home Shopping” business in order to investigate the characteristics of each business, and finally suggested meaningful implications. 최근 한국경제의 성장 동력이 떨어지고 있다. 특히 기존 대기업 중심의 성장은 이제 낙수효과가 떨어져 일자리 창출 등 국가경제의 활력에 한계를 나타내고 있다. 더구나 한국의 내수 시장은 규모 등 한계가 있어 기업들이 성장하기 위해서 해외진출은 불가피해지고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 대기업과 중소기업이 함께 해외로 진출하는 동반진출사업의 성과와 그 성과에 미치는 변수들의 상대적 중요성에 대해 고찰하는 것은 의미 있는 시도라고 판단된다. 보다 구체적으로, 본 연구에서는 실제 대․중소기업․농어업협력재단에서 ‘한류연계’ 사업과 ‘해외홈쇼핑’ 사업에 참여하는 기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행하였다. 중소기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행한 결과, 제품, 시장 확대, 관련시너지, 경영여건분야의 활동은 대․중소기업 간의 ‘협력정도’라는 매개변수와 동반진출한 기업의 성과라는 종속변수에 전반적으로 긍정적인 결과가 나타났다. 구체적으로, 다중회귀분석의 실증결과, 제품, 시장, 관련시너지의 경우, 그 수준이 증가할수록 동반진출 기업성과에 정(+)의 효과가 나타났으며 경영여건의 경우, 유의미한 통계적 결과가 나타났지 않았다. 그러나 단순회귀분석에서는 유의미한 긍정적 결과가 도출되어, 이 변수 역시 성과와 관계가 있다고 판단되었다. 한편, 동반진출한 기업의 성과와 관련된 변수의 중요도 측정을 위해, 연구모형을 수립하여 AHP 분석을 실시한 결과, 대 항목의 경우, ‘시장’이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 그 다음으로는 ‘제품’, ‘경영여건’ 순으로 중요하다고 분석되었고, ‘관련시너지’가 제일 낮게 나타났다. 하위 항목 중요도의 경우, ‘제품 홍보’가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 그 다음으로는 제품 개선, 신시장, 기존 시장, 온라인 시장, 관계 개선, 전ㆍ후방 시너지 효과, 정보획득, 이미지 개선, 기타 경쟁력 순으로 중요도가 높게 나타났다. 또한, 이러한 분석을 한류연계 사업과 해외홈쇼핑 사업으로 각각 구분하여 분석하였고, 각 사업별 특징에 따른 시사점도 도출하였다.

지역일간지에 나타난 제주지역 공기업 이미지에 관한 연구: 홍보활동을 중심으로

이서현 ( Seo Hyeon Lee ),고영철 ( Young Churl Ko ) 한국지역언론학회 2013 언론과학연구 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구는 제주지역 공기업들이 지역일간지에 어떤 모습으로 비춰지고 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 2004년과 2012년의 신문보도 내용을 대상으로 보도량, 기사형식, 게재면, 보도시점, 취재원, 기사주제, 보도태도 등을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 보도량은 2004년에 비해 2012년에 두 배 이상 증가한 것으로 나타났으며, 대부분 스트레이트 기사로 보도되었다. 또한 공기업 관련 기사들은 1면과 종합면에서 비중있게 다뤄졌으며, 2012년 들어 사회면, 경제면, 동정/기타면 기사가 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 취재원은 2012년 들어 내부 취재원의 활용 비율이 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 제주국제자유도시개발센터의 경우에는 자체 공기업의 취재원 활용비율이 분석년도 모두 전체 55% 이상으로 나타나 자체 활동을 적극적으로 홍보했던 것으로 확인되었다. 보도시점에서는 전반적으로 사후보도가 많았으며, 2012년 들어 사전보도는 감소한 반면, 사후보도는 증가했던 것으로 나타났다. 기사주제에서는 분석년도 모두 사업과 경영 관련 기사가 가장 많았으며, 공익활동은 2004년에 단 한 건도 나타나지 않았다. 보도태도에서는 전반적으로 중립기사가 많았으나 분석년도 모두 긍정적인 기사보다 부정적인 기사가 더 많이 보도되었다. 그러나 현대로 올수록 긍정기사는 증가한 반면, 부정기사는 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 체계화된 홍보전담부서가 있는 공기업일수록 보도량이 많았으며, 긍정적인 내용도 더 많이 보도된 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 홍보전담부서가 설치되어 있고, 담당 전문인력이 많을수록 공기업 이미지에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 공기업 이미지를 개선하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 전문 홍보인력을 확충함으로써 홍보부서를 강화시킬 필요가 있다고 판단된다. In this study, the image of a public enterprise was assessed based on the report characteristics of public enterprise-related news reported in daily newspapers in the Jeju region. The results are as follows. First, the number of articles more than doubled in 2012 in terms of report characteristics. The articles were mostly reported as straight news. In 2012, straight news decreased, but planning and gossip items increased. In addition, articles were highlighted on the front page and comprehensive page in general, while articles about recent movements increased in 2012. However, the range of reporters became more varied from those covering the police beat to those assigned in local councils in 2012. In case of Jeju Free International City Development Center, the proportion of use of own reporters turned out to be more than 55% in the two-year period, which shows that promotion of own activities was more active, compared to that of other public enterprises. In addition, a significant amount of post-reports were found, and it turned out that pre-reports decreased, but post-reports increased in 2012. The subject of articles and report attitudes were investigated to identify the image of a public enterprise. The results showed that neutral articles were mostly found in general, but negative news was more frequently reported than positive ones. In conclusion, public enterprise having a public relations department was reported on local newspapers often, and news articles are mostly positive. It means that public relations department with professional PR workforce can affect the image of public enterprise, so it is required to strengthen the public relations department by expanding its professional PR workforce for the image improvement of a public enterprise.

중소기업 고용노사관계 실태와 문제점

이정현(Lee, Jung-Hyun) 한국노동법학회 2013 노동법학 Vol.0 No.47

Currently, in 2011, the 99% of Korean industries is comprised of small and medium enterprises and their employees represent about 87% of the whole employed population. This implies that the small and medium-sized firm is a substantial part of both the industries and labor market in Korea. Accordingly, understanding employment and labor-management relations of small and medium enterprises is a prerequisite to discuss common nationwide employment issues. Nevertheless, such discussion has been focused on the conglomerates, overlooking on-going employment issues and labor-management relations in small and medium enterprises. Under this circumstance, it would be very meaningful to examine current status of small and medium enterprises and consider the controversial issues of both employment and labor-management relations in them. One of the chronic problems, which resulted in the current issues of both employment and labor-management relations in small and medium enterprises, is a shortage of human resource. This shortage is derived from the different employment conditions between the conglomerates and small and medium enterprises. The disparity eventually created a vicious cycle by weakening the competitive power of the small and medium enterprises. Therefore, it is fair to say that the key solution of current employment problems is to equalize the employment conditions between the conglomerates and small and medium enterprises. Another reasons for issues of both employment and labor-management relations in small and medium enterprises are its size and lack of professionalism in the management of human resources. Because of those two factors, there is a high possibility of legal conflicts surrounding employment conditions. In the past, labor disputes were mainly concerned as an issue of the conglomerates. However, the number of labor disputes in small and medium enterprises has been steadily increased as well. Accordingly, administrative support such as reorganizing the current legislative system or providing consultative/educational opportunities for small and medium enterprises is required to encourage them to comply with the Labor Standards Act effectively.

중국 제조 기업의 조화로운 노동 조정 및 고용 목표관계 연구

셰무한,이장강 대한경영학회 2022 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Extent literatures primarily examined how “three party” and “four party” coordination of labor relations affects employment relation objective in terms of maintaining employee rights. However, achieving the balance between employee rights and enterprise efficiency appears to be the ultimate objective for employment. This paper investigates the effects of employees’ self-control, enterprise management, government guidance, trade union consultation and Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) supervision on three employment relation objectives (namely, employee fairness, enterprise efficiency and employee voice), in order to delineate how the novel “five party” coordination of labor relations influence employment objectives among Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The sample survey data of this paper was obtained from surveys and interviews of manufacturing enterprises in the eastern coastal areas of China, and a valid sample size of 1169 was collected. Since the data for the sample of the study was conducted in the eastern coastal areas of China, further research is necessary to explore the impact of five coordination factors on employment relationship objectives in a general context. The current work complements the traditional “three/four party” coordination of labor relations by uncovering the role NGOs supervision as the fifth factor, and further test its down-stream effect on three important employment relationship objectives. The findings suggest that the effect of labor relation coordination factors on employment relationship objective among Chinese manufacturing enterprises is diverse, depending on the specific objective of employment. Achieving satisfactory employment objective, especially in terms of maintaining employee voice, requires the joint effects of all five coordination factors (namely, employees’ self-control, enterprise management, government guidance, trade union consultation and Non-governmental organizations supervision). This study enriches the theories of labor relations coordination mechanisms at home and abroad, breaks through the limitations of the traditional “three/four party” coordination of labor relations, and proposes a theoretical framework of a five-party coordination mechanism; another contribution is to provide useful management suggestions for Chinese manufacturing enterprises to build harmonious labor relations. The conclusions and management suggestions of this study are also of reference value to Korean manufacturing enterprises, especially those enterprises with production plants in China. 이 연구는 “삼자”조정 메커니즘 및 “사중주”조정 메커니즘과 관련된 문헌을 참조하여 “다섯 가지”조정메커니즘의 이론적 프레임워크를 제시했습니다. 공정성, 효율성, 발언권에 대한 직원의 자제력, 기업 경영능력, 정부지도력, 노동조합의 협상력, 비정부 감독능력의 구조 방정식 모델이 구축되었으며 고용 관계 목표에 대한직원의 자제력, 기업 경영능력, 정부지도력, 노동조합의 협상력 및 비정부 감독능력의 역할을 논의하고분석하여 중국 제조업체의 새로운 노사관계 조정 메커니즘을 발견했습니다. 설문 조사 데이터는 중국 동부 해안 지역의 제조 기업을 대상으로 한 설문조사와 인터뷰를 기반으로얻어냈으며 유효한 샘플수는 1169개입니다. 이 연구는 15개의 연구 가설을 제시하여 그 중 13개는 확인되었고2개는 위증인것으로 나타났습니다. 이 연구는 중국 제조업체의 노사관계 조정 메커니즘이 다양하며 노동관계의 조화는 직원의 자제력, 기업경영능력, 정부지도력, 노동조합의 협상력 및 비정부 감독능력의 상호 작용에 달려있으며 특히 발언권에서더 분명하다고 생각합니다. 이 연구의 샘플 데이터는 중국 동부 해안 지역의 일부 제조업체의 조사 및 인터뷰에서 파생되기 때문에직원 자제력, 기업 관리 능력, 정부 지도, 노동 조합 협상력 및 고용 관계 목표에 대한 비정부 감독의 힘을탐구하기 위해 지역 추가 연구가 필요합니다. 이 연구는 국내외 노동관계 조정 메커니즘의 이론을 풍부하게 하고, 전통적인 이론의 삼자 조정 및 사중주조정의 한계를 돌파하고, 5자 조정 메커니즘의 이론적 틀을 제시하며, 또 다른 기여는 중국 제조업체 간의조화로운 노사 관계 구축에 유용한 관리 조언을 제공하고, 이 연구의 결론과 관리 제안은 한국 제조업체, 특히 중국에 생산 공장을 건설하는 기업에 대한 참조 값을 갖는다.

공공기관 경영평가에서 상대평가의 오류가능성 분석

이창길,최성락 서울대학교 한국행정연구소 2010 行政論叢 Vol.48 No.1

This paper analyzes the possible existence of rating errors by relative performance evaluation for Korean public enterprises. Data was collected from the 2007 performance evaluation results for 75 Korean public enterprises. The results of the analysis show that rater errors are significantly involved in the process of relative performance rating among enterprises by individual indicators rather than among indicators by individual enterprises. In particular, such errors are found more significant in the ratings with lower scores rather than that with higher scores. The results are also found in the analysis by functional groups. These results suggest the complementary reconciliation of absolute rating by the level of performance and relative rating by forced distribution. 본 연구는 2007년도 정부산하기관 경영평가결과를 대상으로 평가과정에서 발생하는 상대평가의 오류가능성을 분석하였다. 자료는 75개 정부산하기관에 대하여 총 12개 지표에 각각 9등급으로 부여된 평가점수를 활용하였다. 상대평가의 오류가능성은 지표별 기관 간 오류가능성과 기관별 지표 간 오류가능성으로 구분하여, 특정기관 특정지표의 평균평점이 상대평가 요인, 즉 다른 기관들 또는 다른 지표들 평점의 분산 값으로부터 영향을 받는지 여부를 분석하였다. 전체 기관을 대상으로 한 분석결과, 지표별 기관간의 평가에 있어서 다른 기관들 평점의 분산정도와 실제 평가점수가 유의미한 관계가 있는 반면, 기관별 지표간 평가의 경우 다른 지표들 평점 분산값과 실제 평가점수 간 관계가 유의미하지 않았다. 그리고 이러한 경향은 부정적 평점에서보다 긍정적 평점에서 더 크게 발생하고 있다. 또한 각 기관 유형별로 살펴본 분석 결과도 이와 유사하게 나타났다. 본 논문은 상대평가의 오류가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 절대평가를 가미한 상대평가의 운영, 기관 순위 중심에서 평가지표 순위 중심으로 전환, 평가 훈련 프로그램 시행 등의 정책적 시사점을 제공한다.