부모자녀관계에 대한 부모와 고위험군 청소년 자녀 간 평정일치도 및 문제행동

박진아 한국생애학회 2020 생애학회지 Vol.10 No.1

This study examined parent-adolescent discrepancies in perception of parent-adolescent relationship and high-risk adolescent’s behavior problems. Samples were 604 adolescents and their parents(320 high-risk adolescents, 284 normal adolescents). The results were as follows: First, both female adolescents and their parents showed more involvement and communication than male adolescents and their parents. High school adolescents showed less involvement than middle school adolescents. Second, high-risk adolescents and their parents perceived to have lower attachment, involvement, communication, and more relational frustration than normal adolescents and their parents. Third, high-risk female adolescents perceived to have lower attachment than their parents, and high-risk male adolescents perceived to have more relational frustration but less involvement. than their parents Both high-risk middle school and high school adolescents perceived to have lower attachment than their parents, and high-risk high school adolescents perceived to have more relational frustration than their parents as opposed to normal group adolescents. Forth, high-risk adolescents showed lower agreements in attachment, involvement, and communication than normal adolescents. High-risk male adolescents had lower agreement in attachment than high-risk female adolescents. Fifth, high-risk adolescents in parent higher rating/adolescent lower rating group showed more conduct problems, peer problems and lower emotion problems than adolescents in adolescent higher rating/parent lower rating group.

모자 보건의료서비스 종사자를 위한 고위험 임신 및 합병증 임신 분류

황종윤 한국모자보건학회 2020 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.24 No.2

High-risk pregnancy is the probability of adverse pregnancy out come is increased over the general pregnant population. Some high-risk pregnancy is the result of a medical condition present before pregnancy. In other cases, a medical condition that develops during pregnancy causes a pregnancy to become high risk. The reason why high-risk pregnancy is importa nt is detecting the risk factors for high risk pregnancy early and preventing the complicated pregnancy. Korean society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (KSOG) announced the classification of high-risk pre gnancy including 95 risk factors: obstetrics risk factors, medical risk factors, physical risk factors and risk factors of current pregnancy. However, this announcement of high-risk pregnancy by KSOG was limited for maternal-fetal healthcare providers to apply their working and making policy. First this didn't include the conception of the complicated pregnancy and high-risk delivery. Second this did not separate the risk factors depend on before and during pregnancy. This review briefly evaluates the classification of high-risk pregnancy by KSOG and suggest the new classification including the complicated pregnancy and high-risk delivery for maternal-fetal healthcare providers.

Risk Factors for Recurrent High-Risk Polyps after the Removal of High-Risk Polyps at Initial Colonoscopy

장희원,김태일,박수정,홍성필,천재희,김원호 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.6

Purpose: Colonoscopic polypectomy and surveillance are important to prevent colorectal cancer and identify additional relativerisk factors for adequate surveillance. In this study, we evaluated risk factors related to recurrent high-risk polyps during the surveillanceof patients with high-risk polyps. Materials and Methods: We included 434 patients who had high-risk polyps (adenoma ≥10 mm, ≥3 adenomas, villous histology,or high-grade dysplasia) on the baseline colonoscopy and underwent at least one surveillance colonoscopy from 2005 to 2011 atSeverance Hospital. Data regarding patient characteristics, bowel preparation and polyp size, location, number, and pathologicaldiagnosis were retrospectively collected from medical records. Patients with recurrent high-risk polyps were compared with patientswith low-risk or no polyps during surveillance. Results: Patients were predominantly male (77.4%), with a mean age of 61.0±8.6 years and mean follow-up of 1.5±0.8 years. Highriskpolyps recurred during surveillance colonoscopy in 51 (11.8%) patients. Results of multivariate analysis showed that malegender, poor bowel preparation, and a larger number of adenomas were independent risk factors for recurrent high-risk polyps(p=0.047, 0.01, and <0.001, respectively). Compared with high-risk polyps found during initial colonoscopy, high-risk polyps onsurveillance colonoscopy had higher proportions of small adenomas, low-risk pathology, and fewer adenomas overall, but therewas no difference in location. Conclusion: Male patients and those with poor bowel preparation for colonoscopy or higher numbers of adenomas were morelikely to experience recurrent high-risk polyps.

Factors Predictive of High-Risk Adenomas at the Third Colonoscopy after Initial Adenoma Removal

정숙희,박수정,천재희,박미성,홍성필,김태일,김원호 대한의학회 2013 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.28 No.9

Evaluating predictive factors for high-risk adenomas at the third colonoscopy based on two prior colonoscopies may help evaluate high-risk adenoma at the third colonoscopy. We analyzed clinical data of 131 patients at Severance Hospital from January 1997 to January 2011. All of them underwent two subsequent colonoscopies after removal of adenomas during an initial colonoscopy. Among 20 patients with high-risk adenoma at the first and second colonoscopies, 10 (50%) patients had high-risk adenoma at the third colonoscopy. Among the 67 patients who had high-risk adenoma only once at the first or second colonoscopy, 15 (22.4%) patients had high-risk adenoma at the third colonoscopy but among the 44 patients without high-risk adenoma at the first and second colonoscopies,only 1 (2.3%) patient had high-risk adenoma at the third colonoscopy (P < 0.001). A multivariate time dependent covariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that high-risk adenoma at the first and/or second colonoscopy (HR, 9.56; 95% CI, 2.37-38.54;P = 0.002) was independent predictor of high-risk adenoma at the third colonoscopy. Given these findings, data from two prior colonoscopies, not one prior examination, may help identify high-risk populations at the third colonoscopy who require careful colonoscopic surveillance.

고위험 임신의 외래 산전진찰시 고려사항

안태규,나성훈 대한주산의학회 2023 Perinatology Vol.34 No.2

A high-risk pregnancy means a pregnancy with a high probability of adverse pregnancy outcomes for the pregnant woman and fetus, and is applicable when there are risk factors for high-risk pregnancy that can affect pregnancy outcomes. Risk factors involved in high-risk pregnancy include the age of the pregnant woman, medical/surgical diseases that existed before pregnancy, internal/surgical diseases that occurred during pregnancy, obstetric diseases, and diseases that occurred during pregnancy. The most common risk factor for high-risk pregnancies is older pregnancies, such as those over 35 years at the time of delivery, and those over 40 years are at high risk of miscarriage and chromosomal disorders. In the case of elderly mothers, the prevalence of underlying diseases is high, and the occurrence of hypertensive diseases and diabetes during pregnancy increases. Due to the aging of domestic mothers, the rate of high-risk pregnancies is increasing, and more effort is required for prenatal care for them compared to low-risk mothers. In this review, we would like to discuss the matters to be considered in the outpatient examination of high-risk pregnant mothers and the decision on the delivery time for each common disease.

Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Complete Resection for Pathologic Stage IB Lung Adenocarcinoma in High-Risk Patients as Defined by a New Recurrence Risk Scoring Model

Jang, Hyo Joon,Cho, Sukki,Kim, Kwhanmien,Jheon, Sanghoon,Yang, Hee Chul,Kim, Dong Kwan Korean Cancer Association 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.4

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>We conducted a retrospective analysis to determine if adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs overall survival in patients with pathologic stage IB lung adenocarcinoma who had undergone complete resection and were defined as high-risk by a newly developed recurrence risk scoring model.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Patients who underwent curative resection for stage IB lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed with a newly developed recurrence risk scoring model and divided into a low-risk group and a high-risk group. The patients in the high-risk group were retrospectively divided into two groups based on whether they underwent adjuvant chemotherapy or observation. Recurrence-free survival and overall survival were compared between these two groups.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 328 patients who underwent curative resection between 2000 and 2009 were included in this study, of whom 110 (34%) received adjuvant chemotherapy and 218 (67%) underwent observation without additional treatment. According to our risk model, 167 patients (51%) were high-risk and 161 (49%) were low-risk. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates and overall survival were 84.4% and 91.5% in low-risk patients and 53.9% and 74.7% in high-risk patients (p < 0.001). In high-risk patients, the 5-year overall survival rates were 77% among patients who underwent observation and 87% among those who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.019).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged overall survival among high-risk patients who had undergone complete resection for stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.</P>

고위험 인공지능시스템의 차별에 관한 연구

김일우 서강대학교 법학연구소 2024 서강법률논총 Vol.13 No.1

In the contemporary intelligent information society, high-risk artificial intelligence(AI) systems are widely utilized across both private and public domains. Specifically, AI technology is actively used in private sectors such as recruitment, business evaluation, credit evaluation. In the public sector, automated administrative measures utilizing AI are being introduced, and discussions about the deployment of AI systems to support judicial work are in progress. Despite the societal and economic advancements (e.g., the speed and efficiency of business processing) brought about by these high-risk AI systems, there are significant concerns as they cause various consitutional issues such as discrimination and bias. Accordingly, there is a need for a law that can effectively regulate high-risk artificial intelligence systems that can cause significant infringement of basic rights, including unreasonable discrimination. Such AI corresponds to AI systems that are widely used to the extent that they are utilized daily in everyday life. Furthermore, this study investigates the infringement of basic rights by high-risk AI systems by examining specific cases regarding potential threats or infringements on basic rights caused by the widespread use of high-risk AI systems in various fields. Above all, strict regulation of AI is needed to prevent the infringement of basic rights by high-risk AI systems. When examining comparative legal trends regarding high-risk AI, UNESCO and the OECD have established ethical principles to implement the principles of reliability and fairness of AI. The EU AI Act and the U.S. Algorithm Accountability Act define high-risk AI systems specifically and regulate duties of AI businesses and users. Finally, safety and transparency of AI must be implemented to prevent the infringement of basic rights by high-risk AI systems. It is necessary to set the duty of supervision by businesses or users to ensure that data and algorithms do not embody unjust discrimination and bias. There is a need to guarantee access to information for high-risk AI system users and the right to reject AI usage.

폭식경향이 있는 대학생의 위험감수 성향이 고열량 음식 섭취에 미치는 영향

신성경,이장한 한국건강심리학회 2019 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 중독행동 유발과 관련이 있는 위험감수 성향이 폭식경향이 있는 대학생의 고열량 음식 섭취 증가에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 총 465명의 대학생을 폭식 척도의 절단점을 기준으로 심각한 폭식경향(40명)과 중간 수준의 폭식경향(40명)으로 분류한 뒤, 모든 참여자에게 풍선 위험 과제로 위험감수 성향을 측정하고 보거스 맛 테스트로 고열량 음식 섭취량을 측정하였다. 풍선 위험 과제는 풍선이 터지기 전까지 팽창시켜 금전적 보상을 획득하는 과제로, 각 개인이 풍선이 터지는 위험을 언제까지 감수하는지 확인하여 위험감수 성향을 측정한다. 실험 결과, 위험감수 성향이 폭식경향자의 고열량 음식 섭취량을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 위험감수 성향의 조절효과가 유의미하여 폭식경향자의 고열량 음식 섭취량을 위험감수 성향이 변화시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 폭식경향과 위험감수 성향이 모두 높은 경우 고열량 음식 섭취량이 가장 많은 반면, 폭식경향과 위험감수 성향이 모두 낮은 경우에 고열량 음식 섭취량이 가장 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해, 위험감수 성향이 폭식경향자의 고열량 음식 섭취를 조절하는 요인으로 작용하여, 두 요인이 결합된 위험감수 성향이 높은 심각한 폭식경향자는 고열량 음식의 위험을 감수하고 자극적인 맛의 고열량 음식을 추구하는데 비해, 위험감수 성향이 낮은 중간 폭식경향자는 고열량 음식의 맛과 위험을 추구하지 않으므로 고열량 음식 섭취량이 크게 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of risk-taking which causes addictive behaviors on high-calorie food intake in University students with binge eating tendency. For this purpose, 465 undergraduates were divided into severe-binge group (n=40) and moderate-binge group (n=40) using binge eating scale. All participants did the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) to assess risk-taking and the bogus taste test to measure the high-calorie food intake. BART is a computerized task pumping a balloon to get monetary compensation until it pops up, participants can decide either to keep pumping a balloon with risk or stop pumping to save money. Results revealed a significant moderation effect, signifying that individuals with higher binge eating tendency and higher risk-taking level consumed the most high-calorie food while individuals with lower binge eating tendency and lower risk-taking level consumed the least high-calorie food. This suggests that risk-taking is a factor moderating the high-calorie food intake of binge eaters, severe-binge eaters with high risk-taking pursue the palatable taste and take the risk of high-calorie food, whereas moderate-binge eaters with low risk-taking do not pursue the taste and risk of the high-calorie food and show the least intake.

한국 12세 아동의 Significant Caries Index

안은숙 ( Eun Suk An ),한지형 ( Ji Hyoung Han ) 한국치위생과학회 2013 치위생과학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of the existence of high-risk groups of dental caries and influential factors for the high-risk groups, as there was a possibility that certain people might especially be at risk of suffering from dental caries when decayed, missing, and filled teeth index were analyzed, which were the typical indicators of dental caries. The data of the 4th National Health & Nutrition Survey for 2007, 2008 and 2009 were analyzed. Significant caries index (SiC index) were calculated, which were one of the representative devices to indicate high-risk groups of dental caries, and the SiC index and related factors were analyzed by using c2 (chi-square) test. Besides, logistic regression analysis was utilized to find out influential factors, and a statistical package STATA 11.0 was employed. As a result of analyzing what factors would be linked to high-risk groups of dental caries, it`s found that women were more likely to belong to high-risk groups than men (p<0.01). How the related factors affected the high-risk groups was analyzed, and it`s found that those who didn`t find themselves to be in good oral health were more likely to be classified into a high-risk group, and that those who brushed their teeth three times a more a day on a regular basis were more likely to belong to a high-risk group than the others who didn`t (p<0.01). Thus, SiC index were calculated in this study to confirm the existence of dental caries high-risk groups, and what factors impacted on the high-risk groups was ascertained. It`s required to implement efficient national policies to step up the promotion of national oral health based on the findings of the study.

한국 여성의 고위험 음주 영향요인 분석 -위계적 회귀분석을 이용하여-

이정욱(Jeong Wook Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.5

본 연구는 여성의 고위험 음주에 관한 영향요인을 분석하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구는 제7기 국민건강영양조사자료를 활용하였으며, 연구대상자는 만 19세 이상 여성 3,619명이었다. 자료 분석을 위해 대상자를 국민건강영양조사의 고위험 음주율 지표에 따라 일반음주여성과 고위험음주여성으로 구분하여 인구사회학적 특성, 신체건강관련 특성, 정신건강관련특성의 차이 및 고위험음주 영향요인을 파악하였다. 자료 분석은 IBM SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 복합표본설계를 적용하였다. 연구결과, 우리나라 여성의 고위험 음주율은 8.8%로 나타났고, 고위험 음주의 영향요인은 20대부터 40대까지의 낮은 연령, 흡연을 하는 경우, 우울감을 경험한 경우로 나타났다. 특히 흡연과 우울감 여부는 고위험 음주에 대한 위험도를 각 4.5배[(95% confidence interval(CI)=2.804-7.372, p<0.001)], 7.0배[(95% confidence interval(CI)=2.918-16.855, p<0.001)] 높이는 것으로 나타나 중요한 위험요인인 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 고위험 음주여성의 음주시작연령이 15세에서 19세에서 높은 비율로 나타나 청소년기와 초기 성년기 여성 대상의 음주 교육 프로그램의 개발 및 시행이 시급함을 시사하고 있다. 상기와 같은 본 연구의 결과는 여성 고위험 음주율을 낮추기 위한 보건정책 및 건강증진 프로그램에 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was undertaken to identify factors that influence high-risk drinking among women. Seventh National Health and Nutrition Survey data were used, and 3,453 women aged 19 or older were studied. Subjects were divided into general and high-risk drinking groups according to high-risk drinking rate indicators, and these groups were compared to identify demographic and sociological characteristics, differences in health-related characteristics, and factors associated with high-risk drinking. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0. The analysis showed 8.8% of the cohort were high-risk drinkers, and that rates of high-risk drinking were higher among women in their 20s to 30s, smokers, and those with experience of depression. In particular, smoking, and depression were associated with a 4.5 [(95% confidence interval (CI)=2.804-7.372, p<0.001)] and 7.0-fold [(95% CI=2.918-16.855, p<0.001)] increases in rates of high-risk drinking. In addition, the risk of high-risk drinking was high among 15- to 19-year-olds, which indicates an urgent need to develop and implement drinking education programs for women in adolescence and early adulthood. We expect the results of this study to be used to create health policies and health promotion programs aimed at reducing the high-risk drinking rate among women.