사료용 옥수수와 같은 줄에 혼작이 가능한 콩 유전자원 선발과 조사료 특성 검정

서진동(Jin-Dong Seo),김민수(Minsu Kim),송요욱(Yowook Song),조다님(Danim Jo),송종태(Jong Tae Song),김종덕(Jong Duk Kim),권찬호(Chan Ho Kwon),조현(Hyun Jo),이정동(Jeong-Dong Lee) 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회지 Vol.51 No.1

Soybean has a high protein content in both its hay and seed. Studies have shown that the mixed cropping of corn and soybean improved forage yield and quality. The objective of this study was to select soybean germplasm suitable for mixed cropping with corn on the same row to produce better forage yield and quality. Eleven soybean lines selected from previous evaluations were used in this study. Soybeans were planted with corn on the same row at 10 cm intervals. The planting rate in hills was one corn plant and three soybean plants. The fertilization and time of forage harvest were based on the recommendations for forage corn production. The results showed that in corn–soybean mixed cropping, the forage yield increased by about 19%, the silage protein content increased by 1%–2%, the percentage of acid detergent fibers and neutral detergent fibers decreased, the total digestible nutrients increased, and the acetic acid content decreased. Therefore, the selected soybean lines were suitable for mixed cropping with corn to produce high quality forage and/or as breeding material for the development of forage soybean varieties. Based on this study, we suggest that the agronomic traits of soybean needed for mixed cropping with corn on the same row for forage are as follows: soybean should 1) have the ability to grow well under the corn canopy, 2) have lodging tolerance for ease of mechanical forage harvest, 3) develop to the full pod stage at the time of harvest for increased protein content, and 4) have no adverse effects on corn growth to maintain a high forage yield.

Stand Density Effects on Herbage Yield and Forage Quality of Alfalfa

Min, D.H.,King, J.R.,Kim, D.A.,Lee, H.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.7

Optimum stand density of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varies with locations and climates. Stand density is one of the factors that determines herbage yield, forage quality and persistence of alfalfa. As establishment costs increase, the question arises whether present population densities are optimum for obtaining maximum herbage yield and forage quality. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the optimum plant density for highest herbage yield and forage quality for the dehydrated alfalfa industry under Edmontons climatic conditions in Alberta, Canada; 2) to compare herbage yield and forage quality of the cultivars 'Algonquin' and 'Vernal' grown at a range of stand densities. Alfalfa seedlings of both cultivars were either transplanted at spacings of 6, 10, 15 and 25 cm or direct seeded at the 4.5 cm plant spacings, providing population densities of 494, 278, 100, 45 and $16plants/m^2$. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement having three replicates; the main plots consisted of two alfalfa cultivars Algonquin and Vernal, and the sub-plots were the five population densities. The cultivar Vernal had significantly higher annual yield than did the cultivar Algonquin. There was no significant effect of plant density on herbage yield. There was no difference in crude protein (CP) between the two cultivars. At the first cut, there was a significant quadratic effect of plant density on CP content and the greatest CP occurred at the 100 plants/m2 density. Crude protein was not affected by plant density at the second cut. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by plant density. The cultivar Algonquin usually had a lower ADF and NDF than cultivar Vernal. In conclusion, high population densities ($278plants/m^2$ or more) of alfalfa did not improve herbage yield and forage quality compared with low plant population densities ($100plants/m^2$ or less) of alfalfa.

Agronomic Traits and Forage Production in a Mixed-Planting with Corn for Forage Soybean Cultivars, Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2

서진동,조현,김민수,송종태,이정동 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.2

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar ‘Chookdu 1’ (registration number: No. 7159) and ‘Chookdu 2’ (registration number: No. 6758) were developed as forage soybean cultivars at Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea. They were grown in tests over three years and compared with a commercial seed cultivar for seed yield and forage productivity planted in the same row in mixed plantings with corn. Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 are tall, indeterminate growth habit selections from a cross between wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.), ‘PI 483463’, and cultivated soybean, ‘Hutcheson’ (PI 518664). The plant height of Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 were 80.9 cm and 81.4 cm, respectively, compared to 54.7 cm for the ‘Pungsannamul’ commercial seed check. The three-year seed yield of Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 was 2.0 and 2.2 t/ha, respectively, and not significantly different from Pungsannamul at 2.4 t/ha. Of the two cultivars Chookdu 2 averaged the most total forage fresh weight (65.0 t/ha). The three year mean forage yield of mixed-planting of corn and Chookdu 2 and Chookdu 1 was 10.4% and 3.8% greater, respectively, than corn monoculture. Results show Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 are suitable soybean cultivars for mixed planting in the same row with corn to improve forage yield. They should be useful as parents to use in breeding to develop forage-type soybeans of high quality and yield for use in livestock feed.

Agronomic Traits and Forage Production in a Mixed-Planting with Corn for Forage Soybean Cultivars, Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2

( Jin-dong Seo ),( Hyun Jo ),( Minsu Kim ),( Jong Tae Song ),( Jeong-dong Lee ) 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.2

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar ‘Chookdu 1’ (registration number: No. 7159) and ‘Chookdu 2’ (registration number: No. 6758) were developed as forage soybean cultivars at Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea. They were grown in tests over three years and compared with a commercial seed cultivar for seed yield and forage productivity planted in the same row in mixed plantings with corn. Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 are tall, indeterminate growth habit selections from a cross between wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.), ‘PI 483463’, and cultivated soybean, ‘Hutcheson’ (PI 518664). The plant height of Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 were 80.9 cm and 81.4 cm, respectively, compared to 54.7 cm for the ‘Pungsannamul’ commercial seed check. The three-year seed yield of Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 was 2.0 and 2.2 t/ha, respectively, and not significantly different from Pungsannamul at 2.4 t/ha. Of the two cultivars Chookdu 2 averaged the most total forage fresh weight (65.0 t/ha). The three year mean forage yield of mixed-planting of corn and Chookdu 2 and Chookdu 1 was 10.4% and 3.8% greater, respectively, than corn monoculture. Results show Chookdu 1 and Chookdu 2 are suitable soybean cultivars for mixed planting in the same row with corn to improve forage yield. They should be useful as parents to use in breeding to develop forage-type soybeans of high quality and yield for use in livestock feed.

청예용 수수류 일대 잡종의 생육 및 건물수량에 대한 잡종강세

姜正勳,李浩鎭 韓國作物學會 1996 한국작물학회지 Vol.41 No.6

수수류 청예용 품종육성에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 청예용 수수X단수수, 수수X수단그래스 및 (수수X단수수)X수단그래스 교잡군의 생육 및 건물수량에 대한 잡종강세 정도를 검토한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 생육관련형질에 대한 F1 의 잡종강세에서 단수 수교잡군에서는 상중과 엽중이, 수단그래스 교잡 군에서는 체중이, 3원교잡군에서는 엽면적의 잡종강세가 크게 나타났으며, 단수수교잡군은 초고 및 간의 직경이 켰고, 수단그래스교잡군은 개체당 분얼수가 많았다. 2. 총건물수량에 대한 F1 의 잡종강세에서 단수수 및 수단그래스교잡군에서는 각각 평균 He-terobeltiosis 45.9%와 95.0%의 잡종강세를 보였으나, 3원교잡군에서는 우수친보다 낮았으며, 교잡군별로는 단수수교잡군이 수단그래스교잡군보다 건물수량이 다소 높았다. 3. 건물수량에서 양친과 잡종의 상호관계는 단수수교잡군에서는 잡종강세는 양친의 수량과는 무관하였으나 잡종의 수량은 양친의 수량이 높을수록 높아졌고, 수단그래스교잡군에서는 잡종강세는 양친의 수량과는 부의 상관이었으나 잡종의 수량은 양친과는 무관하였으며, 3원 교잡군에서는 잡종강세 및 잡종수량이 양친의 수량과는 관계가 없었다. This study was conducted to obtain fundamental informations necessary to breed forage sorghum at the field of the Livestock Experiment Station from 1988 to 1991. Heterosis was discussed in crossing groups of sorghum X sweet sorghum, sorghum X sudangrass, and (sorghum X sweet sorghum) X sudangrass. Leaf dry weight and stalk dry weight per plant in sweet sorghum crossing group, stalk dry weight per plant in sorghum X sudangrass crosses and leaf area per plant in three way crosses showed the greatest Heterobeltiosis(Hb ). There were significant differences in plant height, stalk diameter and number of tillers per plant between sweet sorghum and sudangrass crosses. Hb for total dry matter yield in sweet sorghum and sudangrass crosses were 45.9% and 95.0%, respectively. On the other hand, heterosis for total dry matter yield in three way crosses was smaller than Hb . There was no relationship between dry matter yield of parents and heterosis of hybrids in sweetsorghum crosses. However, positive correlations between parental yield and hybrid yields were observed. In sudangrass crosses, there were negative correlations between parental yields and heterosis of hybrids. However, no correlation between parental yields and hybrid yields were observed. In three way crosses, there were no correlations between parental yields and heterosis, and between parental yields and hybrids yields.

우량 품종의 선발을 위한 사초용 수수의 생산성 평가

김종덕,권찬호,김수곤,박형수,고한종,김동암 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.5

제한된 종자 공급 때문에 축산농가에서 사초용 정부장려 수수 품종을 선택하고, 재배 이용하는데 제한을 받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 생산성이 높은 사초용 수수 품종을 선발하고, 선발된 품종들을 정부장려 품종으로 추천하는데 있다. 2년간(1999∼2000) 2개 지역 (수원 및 성환) 에서 ‘P947’, ‘KF429’및‘SS405’3품종의 생육특성과 사초수량을 비교하였다. ‘KF429’는 병해에 약하였고 ‘SS405’는 도복에 강한 품종이었다. ‘P947’품종의 건물수량은 17,823㎏/ha이었으며, ‘KF429’품종과‘SS405’품종은 ‘P947’품종보다 각각 16% (20,631㎏/ha)와 75% (31,157㎏/ha)의 수량 증가를 보였다. 조단백질 함량은 ‘P947’품종이 다른 품종들에 비하여 높았으며, ADF 및 NDF 함량은 ‘KF429’품종이 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 내도복성 및 내병성이 좋고 사초건물수량이 높은 ‘KF429’품종과‘SS405’품종을 정부 장려품종으로 추천하고자 한다. Livestock farmers face several limitations when using the government recommended sorghum cultivars for forage because of the limited seed supply. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate, select, and recommend the best high-yielding hybrid as the government recommended cultivar. The agronomic characteristics and forage yield of three cultivars (cv. P947, cv. KF429 and cv. SS405) of forage sorghum were evaluated at two locations (Suwon and Sunghwan) for 2 years (1999∼2000).‘KF429’was susceptible to foliar disease, while‘SS405’had less lodging resistance among the sorghum cultivars tested. When compared with‘P947’(recommended cultivar), dry matter yield of‘KF429’and ‘SS405’cultivars increased by 16% and 75%, respectively. The crude protein of‘P947’(9.4%) was higher than other cultivars. The percentage of ADF and NDF were the lowest in‘KF429’cultivar. The results of forage performance experiment indicate that‘KF429’and‘SS405’are recommended as the government recommended sorghum cultivars due to a high lodging tolerance, disease resistance, and high dry matter yield.

飼草用油菜(Brassica napus subsp. oleifera)의 生産性과 飼料價値에 관한 硏究 : Ⅰ. 南部地域에 適應한 飼草用油菜의 品種選拔 Ⅰ. Selecting varieties of forage rape suitable at the southern part of Korea

安桂洙,權炳善,盧承杓,五斗一郎 순천대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

In order to obtain basic information for breeding varieties of forage rape which is suitable at the southern part of Korea, seventeen introduced varieties were grown from Sep. 1986 May 1987 at mokpo Branch Station. Crop Experiment Station, and yield components and nutrient quality of plants were observed. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Forage rape cv. Velox showed higher dry matter yield than any other variety in the experiment. It showed relatively high content of crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) and low content of NDF. ADF, cellulose and lignin. Therefore, it was concluded that Velox was the most suitable variety with high yield and high nutrient quality at the southern part of Korea. 2. The heritabilities of all the observed characters but hemicellulose were estimated to be large. 3. Total dry matter yield showed highly significant positive correlations with plant length, stem diameter, number of main stem leaves, fresh yield, stem dry(DDMY). These characters mentioned above showed negative correlations with content of NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin. 4. According to the result of path coefficient analysis, characters highly correlated with total dry matter yield showed large direct effects on total dry matter yield.

우분뇨 시용이 하계사료작물의 단위면적당 유기가축 사육능력에 미치는 영향

조익환 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

This study was carried out to select a proper forage crop, and to estimate the proper level of application of cattle manure and carrying capacity of organic livestock per unit area. Corns and forage sorghum hybrids were cultivated with different types of livestock manures and different amount of them to produce organic forage. For both corns and forage sorghum hybrids, no fertilizer plots had significantly (p<0.05) lower annual dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields than those of other plots, whereas the N-P-K(nitrogen-phosphorous-kalium) plots ranked the highest yields, followed by 150% cattle manure plots and 100% cattle manure plots. DM, CP and TDN yields of in cattle manure plots were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of no fertilizer and P-K (phosphorous-kalium) plots. The yields of in cattle slurry plots tended to be a little higher than those of in composted cattle manure plots. Assuming that corn and forage sorghum hybrids produced from this trial were fed at 70% level to 450kg of Hanwoo heifer for 400g of average daily gain, the carrying capacity (head/year/ha) of livestock ranked the highest in 150% cattle slurry plots (mean 6.0 heads), followed by 100% cattle slurry plots (mean 5.3 heads), 150% composted cattle manure plots (mean 4.7 heads), 100% composted cattle manure plots (mean 4.4 heads), and no fertilizer plots (mean 2.8 heads) in corns (or the cultivation of corns). Meanwhile, in the case of forage sorghum hybrids, 150% cattle slurry plots (mean 6.4 heads) ranked the highest carrying capacity, followed by 150% composted cattle manure plots (mean 4.8 heads), 100% cattle slurry plots (mean 4.4 heads), 100% composted cattle manure plots (mean 4.1 heads), and no fertilizer plots (mean 2.8 heads). The results indicated that the application of livestock manure to cultivated soil could enhance not only DM and TDN yields, but also the carrying capacity of organic livestock as compared with the effect of chemical fertilizers. In conclusion, the production of organic forage with reutilized livestock manure will facilitate the reduction of environmental pollution and the production of environmentally friendly agricultural products by resource circulating system.

남부지역 논에서 동계 맥류의 생육특성, 생산성 및 사료가치

오서영 ( Seo Young Oh ),서종호 ( Jong Ho Seo ),최지수 ( Jisu Choi ),김태희 ( Tae Hee Kim ),오성환 ( Seong Hwan Oh ) 한국농림기상학회 2023 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.25 No.2

In order to select high-quality winter cereal crops with high yield and to increase self- sufficiency rate of forage, their growth, yield, and feeding value of several cereal crops cultivated in winter were investigated in the paddy field of the southern region. Four wheat cultivars and green barley headed in early and mid-April, while oat and Italian ryegrass headed in early May. Fresh forage yields of wheats, green barley, and oat were significantly higher than that of Italian ryegrass, and dry forage yields of wheats and green barley were significantly higher than those of not only Italian ryegrass but also oat. In particular, the yield of a wheat cultivar ‘Cheongwoo’ was the highest. Mineral contents of wheat forages, even though low, were in the range 27.8~33.7mg·g^-1 DW suitable for feeding cattle and young female cows. Crude protein content of a wheat cultivar ‘Cheongwoo’ was high up to 7.6%, similarly to 7.0% requiring for feeding cattle. Feeding values such as total digestible nutrients (TDN) and relative feed value (RFV) of wheats and green barley were superior to those of oat and Italian ryegrass. In addition, dry matter rates of 4 wheat cultivars and green barley were in the range 30~40%, indicating that wheat cultivars and green barley could be used for various feeding purposes such as green or dried forage, and silage. Based on these results, wheat cultivars including ‘Cheongwoo’ and green barley could be encouraged to be cultivated in paddy fields, as high-quality winter forage crops with high yield.

하계 응급 조사료 자원의 생육특성 및 조사료 생산성 평가

박형수,최기춘,양승학,정종성,이배훈 한국초지조사료학회 2022 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.42 No.1

This study was carried out to evaluate the growth characteristics and forage yield potential for warm season grass as emergency forages. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Two barnyard millet (Echinochloaspecies cv. Shirohie and Jeju native), a pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum cv Feed milk 2) a proso millet (Panicum miliaceum cv Native), a teffgrass (Eragrostis tef cv. Tiffany) and a kleingrass (Panicum coloratum cv. Selection 75) were compared for forage production and quality at the Mid regions of Korea. Warm season forage crops were sown on May 21 and June 23 respectively, and in 2021, it was sown twice on May 21 and June 21 The number of days to seedling emergence for barnyard millet and teffgrass was observed approximately 10 and 3 days after seeding, respectively. The cultivation period from seeding to harvest was within 60 days for all entry spices except for the late-heading type barnyard millet (within 84 days). As for the dry matter yield by seeding date, the dry matter yield of the late-heading type barnyard millet in May seeding was the highest at 23,872 kg/ha, and the kleingrass was the lowest at 3,888 kg/ha. For the June seeding, the dry matter yield of the late-heading type barnyard millet was 17,032 kg/ha, the highest, and the proso millet, teffgrass and kleingrass showed the lowest at 5,468, 5,442, and 5,197 kg/ha, respectively. The crude protein (CP) content was varied by warm season grass species, but the early-heading type barnyard millet, teffgrass, and kleingrass showed the highest tendency, and the late-heading type barnyard millet showed the lowest at 5.7~5.9%. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content did not show a significant difference between the seeding in May, but kleingrass in June sowed lower than the others.