SCM과 RFID적용기업의 친환경물류 효율성증대를 위한 에코드라이빙 적용에 관한 연구

성옥석(Ok Suk Sung),윤기창(Ki Chang Yoon),박승락(Seung Lak Park) 중앙대학교 한국전자무역연구소 2014 전자무역연구 Vol.12 No.3

연구목적 : 글로벌물류의 영향은 물류표준화, 통합화 등의 체계적인 발전을 하였다 또한 물류기법은 다양하게 적용되어 물류비 절감효과와 효율성증대에 크게 기여하였다. 최근에 물류부문에 관한 환경을 강조하여 녹색물류, 친환경물류, 자연친화적 물류 등의 내용들이 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 공급사슬관리와 무선주파수인식기술을 적용하고, 에코드라이빙을 적용하여 물류기업의 친환경물류의 목표와 전략적인 물류관리의 방안을 마련하기 위한 목적의 연구이다 논문구성/논리 : 본 연구를 위하여 물류기업들이 공급사슬관리(SCM)와 무선주파수인식기술(RFID)을 적용하여 물류의 효율성증대를 기하고 있으나 최근 비용절감 외에 뚜렷한 변화와 발전을 꾀하지 못하고 있은 실정이다. 특히 공급사슬과 무선주파수인식기술을 갖추고도 잘 활용하지 못하는 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 현실을 감안하여 선행연구를 중심으로 외국 및 우리나라의 에코드라이빙 적용에 관한 사례와 통계자료들을 중심으로 연구한 후, 물류기업들이 에코드라이빙을 도입 및 적용할 경우, 문제점과 발전방향을 제시하고 아울러 전략적 운영에 관한 전반적인 타당성 및 효율성을 제시하였다. 또한 기존의 공급사슬관리와 무선주파수인식기술을 적용하는 기업들이 에코드라이빙을 적용하여 활용한 후, 친환경적 물류효율성 증대에 기여하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결과 : 연구결과 물류기업 중 공급사슬관리와 무선주파수인식기술을 적용한 기업들도 있었으나 이를 적용하지 못한 기업들도 있었다. 그리고 기존의 물류기업들도 통합시스템을 설치 운영하고는 있으나 상호연계성을 띤 물류활동에 많은 지장을 초래하고 있음이 나타났다. 또한 에코드라이빙 도입 및 적용부문에 있어서도 크게 호평을 받지 못하고 있으며, 대기업을 중심으로 에코드라이빙을 적용하여 활용하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 특별한 기술과 장비가 필요치 않아 에코드라이빙을 물류부문에 적용한다면 물류비 절감은 물론 친환경물류의 효율성증대에도 크게 기여할 것이 며, 전략적인 물류운영의 한 획을 그어 나갈 수 있을 것으로 평가된다. 독창성/가치 : 기존의 많은 연구들은 물류비절감을 통한 경영적, 관리적 차원의 연구를 진행하여왔다. 최근에는 친환경물류, 녹색물류의 내용으로 진행되고 있으나 에코드라이빙을 물류에 적용하여 물류의 효율성증대 방안에 관한 연구는 흔치 않았다. 본 연구에서 공급사슬관리와 무선주파수인식 기술을 적용하는 물류기업이 친환경물류의 효율성증대를 위해 에코드라이빙을 적용한다면 친환경물류, 녹색환경조성 물류효율성 증대의 효과를 동시에 가져올 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. Purpose : Influence of global logistics has pursued to highly develop such as standardization of logistics and synthesization and so on. There was a contribution of expansion in effectiveness increase and effectiveness decrease of logistics cost through application from a variety of logistics techniques. Recently, there is applying of contents like environment friendly logistics and green logistics of emphasizing environment in the logistics field. This study searches to accomplish the purpose environment preservation and increase of effectiveness logistics and reducing effect of logistics cost by apply of logistics enterprises' eco-driving which uses SCM and RFID. Composition/Logic : For this study I use SCM and RFID theory consideration and proceed study. I study centering of domestic and international statistic data and application case of eco-driving. And then if our nation logistics enterprises introduce of and apply of eco-driving, I suggest effectiveness and propriety centering general items about strategic operation and problems and development direction. Findings : As a result of study there are some enterprises which apply the SCM and RFID among the logistics enterprises. But actually there is a real condition of unsatisfied and synthesized in the system introduction and systematic use in the SCM and RFID. And it is not good evaluation that introduces on eco-driving and application parts. Centering of great enterprise appears eco-driving application as a result of actual spot interview. It needs not to need the special skill and equipment so application that eco-driving is logistics field. It was analyzed that can be possible to operate strategically such as reducing effect of logistics cost and environment friendly logistics. Originality/Value : The existing many studies have searched the plans which used and applied the new logistics enterprises with interested in reducing of logistics cost and strategic operation. In this study, I introduce the SCM and RFID applicative enterprise whose apply eco-driving. I judge environment friendly logistics target accomplishment and through economic effectiveness it accompanies increase of the strategic logistics effectiveness. Here after I am perspective highly to rise the expansion effect of logistics effectiveness, green environment and eco-driving application for environment friendly logistics.

차량시뮬레이터를 이용한 에코드라이빙 시스템 개발

고종민(Jongmin Ko),박상수(Sangsu Park),이운성(Woon-Sung Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

Eco-driving is an environmentally friendly driving manner which improves fuel economy. Since Eco-driving has an immediate and significant effect on improving vehicle’s fuel economy, introduction of Eco-Driving Information, that main functions are measuring vehicle speed and elapsed time on-Driving Simulator, making alerts when drivers deteriorate fuel economy, and recording driving patterns, is being promoted to support Eco-driving. However, fuel economy improvement rates by Eco-driving show uneven distribution because many factors such as the weather, road and traffic conditions, types of vehicles and drivers’ individualities have influence on fuel economy. In this research, correlations between fuel economy improvement and drivers' individualities were examined on Kookmin University Driving Simulator. Then, in order to estimate the effect of fuel economy by Eco-driving in real simulator conditions, test drives were experimented in normal driving conditions and Usual warnings, including Real-time fuel consumption conditions. As a result, correlations between types of driving patterns and fuel economy improvement were clarified.

교육과 차량 내 정보 제공 장비가 에코 드라이빙 행동과 운전자 작업부하에 미치는 영향에 해한 검증

이계훈 ( Kye Hoon Lee ),오세진 ( She Zeen Oah ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2013 한국안전학회지 Vol.28 No.5

This study examined the relative effects of education and eco-IVIS(in-vehicle information system) to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Also the study investigated the increasing of driving workload when drivers interact with intervention technique, Thirty participants randomly assigned into two groups(training and eco-IVTS) and conducted driving before and after the each intervention tech￢nique, While driving, we observed three driving behaviors: Frequency of excessive RPM, percent of speeding, and mean fuel efficiency. Also the Driver Activity Load Index was used to rare participants` subjective ratings of driving workload. Although the results showed positive impact of both education and eco-IVIS to increasing the eco-driving behaviors, eco-IVIS was more effective than education. However, we found comparable level of driving workload in the education and eco-IV1S.

머신러닝을 활용한 시내버스 연비 운전 점수화 알고리즘 개발

김기복(Kibok Kim),이종화(Jonghwa Lee),박진일(Jinil Park) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11

An eco-drive system was implemented on urban buses in Seoul. The system includes a shift indicator and the calculation of eco-drive score. With the implementation, 3,864 vehicles showed improvement in fuel economy by 12.1% annually. The eco-drive score indicates the degree of fuel economy of driving by monitoring acceleration and deceleration, timing of gear shift, accelerator pedal gradient, and coasting rate. During the annual operation, the eco-drive score showed discrepancy depending on the driving environment. This revealed the need to improve the linearity between fuel economy and the score. The eco-drive score was calculated based on OBD data, and external factors such as traffic environment and road conditions were not considered. In this study, the environmental factors of fuel economy were identified to supplement the eco-drive score. This is achieved by developing a machine learning fuel economy prediction model. The environmental factors are examined by assessing the contribution of each input variable (feature) of the fuel economy prediction model through SHAP-value. The driving start time, driving date, number of gear shifts per unit distance, and brake operation ratio during driving were set as the environmental factors of fuel economy. The measured fuel economy is normalized using the relationship between the average fuel economy and each of the environmental factor of the annual driving data. The eco-drive score is corrected in the range of 0.84-1.05 times based on the normalized fuel economy distribution of the equivalent eco-drive score. A corrected eco-drive score prediction model was developed, and the environmental factor of the fuel economy was used as the prediction model feature of the eco-drive score. The eco-drive score increased with an increase in the normalized fuel economy. The correlation between fuel economy and eco-drive score was 34% improved by considering the environmental factors of fuel economy.

시각적 피드백과 시각-청각적 피드백이 에코 드라이빙과 운전부하에 미치는 상대적 효과

이계훈,임성준,오세진 한국ITS학회 2017 한국ITS학회논문지 Vol.16 No.3

최근 차량 내 정보 제공 장비를 통한 에코 드라이빙의 향상이 연료 효율과 안전 운전을증가시킬 수 있다는 연구들이 보고되고 있다. 그러나 정보의 제공으로 인하여 야기될 수 있는 인지적 부하에 대한 관심은 상대적으로 적은 편이다. 본 연구는 에코 드라이빙을 향상시킴과 동시에 운전자의 운전부하를 최소화 할 수 있는 차량 내 정보 제공 장비의 특성을 확인 하기 위해 두(시각vs.시청각) 피드백의 상대적인 효과 차이와 운전 중 상황의 복잡성 수준에 따른 정보 제공방식의 차이가 운전 행동과 운전부하에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다. 본 실험에는 총 38명의 운전자가 참가하였다. 연구 결과, 시각-청각 피드백의 제공이 시각적 피드백을 제공하는 조건에 비하여 에코 드라이빙을 더 향상시키며, 운전부하를 최소화하였다. Recent studies have suggested that providing in-vehicle feedback on various driving behaviors promote eco-friendly driving behaviors. However, there was relatively little interest in cognitive overload that can be caused by the provision of information. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the relative effects of two types of feedback(visual feedback vs. visual-auditory feedback) to increase eco-driving performance while minimizing driving workload. Also, in this study, the complexity of the driving task was distinguished (secondary vs. tertiary task) in order to reflect the actual driving situation. The study adopted a counterbalancing design in which the two feedback types were delivered in a different order under the two different task conditions. Results showed that providing the visual-auditory feedback was more effective than the visual only feedback in both promoting eco-friendly driving behaviors and minimizing driving workload under both task conditions.

MULTIVARIATE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECOLANE AND ECOHMI BASED COOPERATIVE VEHICLE-INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEM

Qiang Fu,Yiping Wu,Xiaohua Zhao,Yang Bian,Li HaijianLi 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.1

The cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system (CVIS) offers opportunities to further enhance the potential of energy saving and emission reduction for eco-driving. However, it is still not clear about the effectiveness of CVIS on promoting eco-driving nor the multivariate effectiveness of CVIS designed for eco-driving on traffic flow and safety characteristics. A dedicated ecological lane (Ecolane) and ecological human-machine-interaction (EcoHMI) based CVIS (Ecolane-HMI-CVIS) were developed based on driving simulator technology. An experiment of 35 participants was conducted to study eco-driving behavior and final utility to identify the influence of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS. The results indicated that the Ecolane-HMI-CVIS enhanced eco-driving behavior and reduced emission, with CO and NOX significantly reduced by 10.72 % and 9.83 % respectively. The Ecolane-HMI-CVIS reduced the headway and promoted vehicle operation stability, ordering, and improved traffic capacity about 10 %. No negative impact of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS was observed on traffic safety. This study developed a test platform based on driving simulator to explore the multivariate influence of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS. In addition to analyzing the overall effect of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS during the whole experimental section, its detailed influence at each key zone and in spatial change process were also analyzed. This research contributed to better understanding of the working mechanism and effectiveness of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS, and provide technical and policy references of CVIS based eco-driving for traffic management departments.

고속버스 운전자의 에코드라이빙 의향과 만족도에 미치는 요인 분석

유형준,손희철,김정훈 한국교통연구원 2016 交通硏究 Vol.23 No.1

Eco-driving increases energy efficiency and is cost efficient within a short period of time. In order to improve eco-driving behavior, case studies focused on training, goal setting and providing equipment for vehicles. In this study, logit analysis is applied to analyze the factors affecting the intention and satisfaction of express bus drivers about eco-driving. In addition, behavior modification methods were applied in analysis. Behavior modification is a process that helps to increase the eco-driving behavior of express bus drivers through procedures that define the problems as measurable behavioral terms and change the personal environment. Factors that influence eco-driving intention and satisfaction are analyzed as political, environmental, and behavior as a result of applying logit analysis. To induce behavior modification, training, prompts, and goal-setting were analyzed as methods that increase eco-driving inclinations. 에코드라이빙은 에너지 효율을 높이고 비용 대비 효과가 높은 동시에 단시간 내에 효과를 볼 수 있다. 기존 연구들을 고찰해 보면 에코드라이빙 행동을 향상시키기 위하여 교육, 목표설정, 차량내 장비 제공을 연구한 사례가 있다. 본 연구에서는 고속버스 운전자의 에코드라이빙 의향과 만족도에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하기 위하여 로짓분석방법을 적용하였다. 분석과정에서 행동수정 방법을 적용하였다. 행동수정은 문제를 측정가능한 행동용어로 정의하고 개인 환경을 변화시키는 절차를 통해 고속버스 운전자의 에코드라이빙 행동을 증가시킬 수 있도록 돕는 절차이다. 에코드라이빙 의향과 만족도에 영향을 주는 요인을 로짓분석한 결과 정책적인 요인과 환경경험 요인, 행동수정 요인이 유의미하게 분석되었다. 행동수정방식의 선택에 있어서는 교육훈련, 프롬프트, 목표설정의 방식을 선택해야 에코드라이빙 의향을 높일 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 분석을 통해 에코드라이빙 활성화를 위해 필요한 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다.

Proving Ground를 이용한 EDTS(Eco-Driving Tutoring System) 성능 평가 기술 개발

전광기(Kwangki Jeon),황현수(Hyunsoo Hwang),최성진(Sungjin Choi) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11

Eco-driving is an environment-friendly driving manner which improves fuel economy. Since Eco-driving has an immediate and significant effect on improving vehicle’s fuel economy, introduction of EDTS(eco-driving tutoring system), that the main functions are measuring vehicle state and driver maneuvering data, recording driving patterns, and tutoring drivers to improve a fuel efficiency, is being promoted to support Eco-driving. However, fuel economy improvement rates by Eco-driving shown uneven distribution because many factors such as the weather, road and traffic conditions, types of vehicles and drivers’ individualities(human factors) have influence on fuel economy. In this research, test course and scenarios for evaluating the performance of EDTS on a proving ground(PG) were developed and were verified in vehicle tests and a simulation using a CarSim S/W. As a result, the proposed PG test course and scenarios are shown effective to evaluate the EDTS.

Effect of Active Eco-Mode on Reduction of On-Road CO2 Emissions in Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle

이승일,이용주,김주한,김남호,명차리,최회명,민경덕 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.5

To suppress CO2 emissions through policies and technology development, eco-driving techniques are required to be actively practiced as an effective method to improve fuel efficiency. Among the methods to practice eco-driving, the active eco-mode is a function that changes the driving mode of a vehicle by the driver’s choice. This study aims to analyze the effect of driving modes (normal-mode, eco-mode) on CO2 emissions through on-road tests under different driving conditions. The eco-mode activation under normal temperature conditions emitted relatively less CO2 emissions than the normal-mode driving. Under high-temperature conditions, fuel economy deteriorated since an additional load was required for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system operation. However, when using the eco-mode, the control of the HVAC system was integrated with the effect of powertrain logic, which achieved a higher reduction rate of CO2 emissions than the normal temperature condition. In particular, the impact of reducing fuel consumption was confirmed in the urban section with many stops and departures, which is determined to result from a combination of gear shifting and acceleration pedal filtering strategies. Meanwhile, the eco-mode logic has not been applied much in rural and motorway sections.

고속도로 오르막 구간의 경사도와 길이에 따른 연료 효율적 주행방법 개발

최지은,배상훈 한국ITS학회 2015 한국ITS학회논문지 Vol.14 No.1

2011년 교통부문 온실가스 배출량은 85.04백만tonCO2eq이며 도로분야에서 발생한 온실가스 배출량은 95% 비율을 차지한다. 이러한 온실가스 배출량 감축의 일환으로 급가속 회피, 경제속도 준수 등 에코드라이빙 교육 및 홍보 프로그램이 활성화되고 있으나 근원적인 배출량 감축 기술 개발은 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 도로 경사도 별 최적가속도를 분석하고 하류부의 오르막 구간을 대상으로 연료 효율적인 주행방법의 제시를 목적으로 하였다. 오르막 주행 시 주행모드에 따른 시나리오를 설정하고 시나리오별 속도변화량을 다르게 설정하여 속도 프로파일을 생성하였다. 각 속도 프로파일을 Comprehensive Modal Emission Model에 적용하여 연료소모량을 산정하였다. 도로 경사도, 오르막길이 별 연료소모량이 가장 적게 소모된 주행모드와 속도변화량을 도출하였다. 도출된 주행모드와 속도변화량을 기반으로 에코드라이빙 시 소모된 연료소모량과 cruise control 주행 시 소모된 연료소모량을 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 오르막지형을 100kph, 90kph, 80kph 속도로 주행 시 에코드라이빙 주행의 연료소모량이 cruise control 주행 보다 각각 33.9%, 30.8%, 5.3% 감축효과가 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. In 2011, greenhouse gas emissions of transport sector were 85.04 million tonCO2eq and road emissions accounted for 95% of total emissions in the transport sector. There are few innovative technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions aside from eco-driving education and public relation program. Therefore, this paper focused on analyzing optimal acceleration by certain road grades and suggested fuel-efficient driving method for various uphill sections. Scenarios were established by driving modes. Speed profiles were generated by scenarios and speed variations. Each speed profile applied to Comprehensive Modal Emission Model and then each fuel consumption was estimated. Driving mode and speed variation that minimized fuel consumption were driven according to grade percent and uphill distance. When driving in the eco-friendly mode of the driving and speed variation, reduction rate of fuel consumption was evaluated by comparison between eco-driving and cruise control mode. When a vehicle drove under eco-driving mode at 100kph, 90kph and 80kph on uphill road, fuel consumptions were reduced by 33.9%, 30.8% and 5.3%, respectively.