중국 내 대학 교육용 한국어 말하기 교재개발 방향 및 모형 연구

장명비 ( Zhang Mingfei ) 동양예학회 2020 東洋 禮學 Vol.44 No.-

이 연구는 중국 내 한국어 말하기 교재개발에 초점을 두고 현재 중국 내에서 폭넓게 사용하고 있는 교재의 문제점을 분석하여 향후 중국인 학습자를 위한 한국어 말하기 교재개발의 방향 및 모형을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해서 중국 내 대학에서 사용하고 있는 말하기 교재(1~4급까지만 있음)의 내적인 구성 주제, 기능, 발음, 어휘 및 문법, 문화, 활동 등에 대한 실태를 분석한 후 설정 기준과 비교하여 문제점을 제시한다. 그리고 그러한 문제점을 보완하기 위해 개선 방안 및 모형을 제시하고자 하였다. This research focuses on the development of oral Korean teaching textbooks in China. Through the analysis of the problems of the widely used teaching textbooks in China, the goal is to point out the development direction and model of the oral Korean textbooks for Chinese learners in the future. To this end, after analyzing the internal themes, functions, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, culture, activities, etc. of the oral textbooks currently used by domestic universities in China (including only levels 1 to 4), the goal is to compare with the set standards, point out the problems, and besides, to come up with improvement plans and models in order to solve such problems.

한국어 연결어미 ‘-아/어서’의 오류 양상 연구 : 한국어 학습자 오류 말뭉치 분석을 중심으로

장명비(ZHANG MINGFEI) 한국어교육연구학회 2021 한국어교육연구 Vol.- No.14

이 연구는 한국어 연결어미 ‘-아/어서’에 대해 등급별 한국어 학습자의 오류 양상을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 선행연구를 분석과 문법서를 참고하여 ‘-아/어서’의 [원인]과 [시간 순서]의 특징을 정리하였다. 그리고 국립국어원의 한국어 학습자 말뭉치 오류 데이터를 대상으로 등급별 오류 유형과 빈도를 분석하였다. 또한 선행연구들을 넘어 유사 문법뿐만 아니라 의미적인 관계가 먼 문법의 오류 양상까지 살펴보고 초·중·고급 학습자가 연결어미 ‘-아/어서’를 사용할 때의 오류 유형과 빈도를 살펴보았다. 본고의 분석 결과를 보면 한국어 문법 교육은 해당 등급 단계에서 독립 문법을 제대로 교수·학습해야 할 뿐만 아니라 뒤에도 오류가 나타나지 않도록 적당한 시기에 다시 문법을 비교해서 가르쳐야 한다. 그리고 유사 문법 비교 연구는 물론이고 학습자의 오류 양상을 꾸준히 분석하면서 비교가 필요한 비유사 문법도 재교육을 할 필요가 있다고 생각한다. 본고에서 오류 분석만 하고 교육 방안에 대해 다루지 못한 것은 한계이다. 앞으로 실제 교육 현장에서 수업에 어떻게 적용할 것인지에 대한 교수법은 추후 연구 과제로 남긴다. 본 논문이 향후 한국어 문법 교육 연구에 조금이라도 도움이 되면 좋겠다. The objective of this study is to analyze the error phenomena of Korean learners by grade for the Korean connective ending -아/서 . The characteristics of [reason] and [chronological order] of -아/서 were summarized by referring to the analysis of previous studies and grammar book. Furthermore, the error types and frequencies by grade were analyzed for corpus error data of Korean learners of the National Institute of the Korean Language. Moreover, beyond previous studies, we examined not only the similar grammar but also the error phenomena of grammar with a distant semantic relationship, as well as the error types and frequencies when elementary, middle, and advanced learners use the connective ending -아/서 . According to the analysis results of this paper, Korean grammar education should not only appropriately teach and learn independent grammar at the corresponding level, but also need to compare and teach grammar again at a suitable time so that errors do not appear afterwards. Besides, I think that it is necessary not only to research the similar grammar comparison but also to re-educate the non-similar grammar that requires comparison while constantly analyzing the learners’ error phenomena. In the future, teaching methods on how to apply them to classes in the actual educational field are left as future research tasks, and I hope this paper will be of any help in future research on Korean grammar education.

Proliferation, Accumulation of Polyphenols, and Antioxidant Activities of Callus from the ‘Anji Baicha’ Cultivar of Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.]

Mingfei Liu,Junli Wang,Birui Tian,Jingjing Huang,Rongrong Zhang,Yuxing Lin,Zefeng Xiao 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.2

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and the relatively high levels polyphenols is benefit for health. In this study, we developed an efficient system for proliferation of callus from ‘Anji Baicha’, a cultivar of tea (Camellia sinensis ). Callus tissue was initially induced by culturing leaf explants on medium containing different plant growth regulators. For callus induction, thidiazuron (TDZ) was more effective than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and N6-benzyladenine (BA). The frequency of callus induction from leaf explants reached 90.21% on 1.0 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> TDZ and the developed callus was reddish and friable. We also tested the effect of different concentrations of NAA, 2,4-D, indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), BA, and TDZ, alone and in combinations, on callus proliferation. Medium supplemented with TDZ in combination with IAA was suitable for callus proliferation and accumulation of tea polyphenols. The growth index value and tea polyphenol content of callus cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> TDZ and 1.0 mg·L<SUP>-1</SUP> IAA was maximally 1,351% and 23.24%, respectively, and the relative abundance of epicatechin was as high as 17.449%. We also measured the antioxidant activity of all samples and the callus with the highest tea polyphenol content also exhibited high potential radical scavenging activity.

Proliferation, Accumulation of Polyphenols, and Antioxidant Activities of Callus from the 'Anji Baicha' Cultivar of Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.]

Liu, Mingfei,Wang, Junli,Tian, Birui,Huang, Jingjing,Zhang, Rongrong,Lin, Yuxing,Xiao, Zefeng Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.2

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and the relatively high levels polyphenols is benefit for health. In this study, we developed an efficient system for proliferation of callus from 'Anji Baicha', a cultivar of tea (Camellia sinensis). Callus tissue was initially induced by culturing leaf explants on medium containing different plant growth regulators. For callus induction, thidiazuron (TDZ) was more effective than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), ${\alpha}-naphthalene$ acetic acid (NAA), and $N^6-benzyladenine$ (BA). The frequency of callus induction from leaf explants reached 90.21% on $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and the developed callus was reddish and friable. We also tested the effect of different concentrations of NAA, 2,4-D, indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), BA, and TDZ, alone and in combinations, on callus proliferation. Medium supplemented with TDZ in combination with IAA was suitable for callus proliferation and accumulation of tea polyphenols. The growth index value and tea polyphenol content of callus cultured on MS medium containing $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA was maximally 1,351% and 23.24%, respectively, and the relative abundance of epicatechin was as high as 17.449%. We also measured the antioxidant activity of all samples and the callus with the highest tea polyphenol content also exhibited high potential radical scavenging activity.

Catalpol Inhibits Tregs-to-Th17 Cell Transdifferentiation by Up-Regulating Let-7g-5p to Reduce STAT3 Protein Levels

Lingling Zhou,Yuxi Di,Mingfei Zhang,Yichang Chen,Ruonan Sun,Meiyu Shen,Fengxiang Tian,Pei Yang,Feiya Qian 연세대학교의과대학 2022 Yonsei medical journal Vol.63 No.1

Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, and Th17 cells are key factors in the pathogenesis of human inflammatory conditions, such as RA. Catalpol (CAT), a component in Rehmanniae Radix (RR), has been found to regulate human immunity. However, the effects of CAT on Th17 cell differentiation and improvement of RA are not clear. Materials and Methods: Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were constructed to detect the effects of CAT on arthritis and Th17 cells. The effect of CAT on Th17 differentiation was evaluated with let-7g-5p transfection experiments. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Th17 cells after CAT treatment. Levels of interleukin-17 and RORγt were assessed by qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results: We found that the proportion of Th17 cells was negatively associated with let-7g-5p expression in CIA mice. In in vitro experiments, CAT suppressed traditional differentiation of Th17 cells. Simultaneously, CAT significantly decreased Tregs-to-Th17 cells transdifferentiation. Our results demonstrated that CAT inhibited Tregs-to-Th17 cells transdifferentiation by up-regulating let-7g-5p and that the suppressive effect of CAT on traditional differentiation of Th17 cells is not related with let-7-5p. Conclusion: Our data indicate that CAT may be a potential modulator of Tregs-to-Th17 cells transdifferentiation by up-regulating let-7g-5p to reduce the expression of STAT3. These results provide new directions for research into RA treatment.

Identification of a 193 bp promoter region of TaNRX1‑D gene from common wheat that contributes to osmotic or ABA stress inducibility in transgenic Arabidopsis

Cheng Jie,Wei Fan,Zhang Mingfei,Li Nan,Song Tianqi,Wang Yong,Chen Dongsheng,Xiang Jishan,Zhang Xiaoke 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.9

Background Cloning and characterizing the drought-inducible promoters is essential for their use in crop resistance’s genetic improvement. Previous studies have shown that the TaNRX1-D gene participates in regulating the response of wheat to drought stress. However, its promoter has not yet been identifed. Objective In this study, we aimed to characterize the promoter of the TaNRX1-D gene. Methods The promoter of TaNRX1-D (named P0, 2081 bp) was isolated from common wheat with several cis-acting elements that regulate in response to abiotic stresses and some core cis-acting elements. Functional verifcation of the promoter, eight 5′-deletion fragments of TaNRX1-D promoter, was fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene P0::GUS~P7::GUS and transformed into Arabidopsis, respectively. Agrobacterium-mediated GUS transient assay the P6a and P6b promoter regions in tobacco leaves under normal, osmotic or ABA stress. Results Activity analysis of the full-length promoter (P0) showed that the intensity of stronger β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining in the roots and leaves was obtained during the growth of transgenic Arabidopsis. P0::GUS displayed the GUS activity was much higher in the roots and leaves than in other parts of the transgenic plant under normal conditions, which was similarly within wheat. Analysis of the 5′-deletion fragments revealed that P0::GUS~P6::GUS responded well upon exposure to osmotic (polyethylene glycol-6000, PEG6000) and abscisic acid (ABA) stress treatments and expressed signifcantly higher GUS activity than the CaMV35S promoter (35S::GUS), while P7::GUS did not. GUS transient assay in tobacco leaves showed that the GUS activities of P6a and P6b were lower than P6 in the PEG6000 and ABA stresses. Conclusion The 193 bp (P6) segment was considered the core region of TaNRX1-D responding to PEG6000 or ABA treatment. GUS activity assay in transgenic Arabidopsis showed that this segment was sufcient for the PEG6000 or ABA stress response. The identifed 193 bp promoter of TaNRX1-D in this study will help breed osmotic or ABA tolerant crops. The 36 bp segment between P6 and P6b (−193 to −157 bp) was considered the critical sequence for the TaNRX1-D gene responding to PEG6000 or ABA treatment.

Investigation of Rebar Exposure Issues of Diaphragm Wall and Influencing Factors Analysis

Liyuan Tong,Qiwen Guo,Hongbo Che,Mingfei Zhang,Huangsong Pan,Hongjiang Li 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.4

The exposure of rebar in diaphragm wall was discovered after excavation in more than 20 subway stations, along the lines 1 to 4 in Suzhou, China. Such phenomena were investigated from strata formation, hydrogeological condition, construction techniques, adjacent surcharge load and other aspects. Based on field investigation, in situ testing and numerical simulation, the disturbance of trenching operations and the main factors that affect the stability of the diaphragm wall during the trenching process are analyzed comprehensively. The results show that the deformation behavior and stability of slurry trench walls are mainly influenced by strata characteristics, adjacent surcharge loading, formation of bentonite filter cake on trench walls, pressure of a confined aquifer, height of slurry filling and slurry density. The underground water pressure in the confined aquifer of silty soil layers is considered as one of the main controlling factors, which is verified by the subsequently dewatering and trenching tests. During the construction process, the deformation and stability of the trench walls can be improved by adjusting and controlling the crucial controlling factors. Further, relevant remedial measures as well as the preventive methods during the process of constructing diaphragm walls and subsequent soil excavation are addressed.

Enhanced Performance of La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-\delta (LSCF) Cathodes with Graded Microstructure Fabricated by Tape Casting

Nie, Lifang,Liu, Ze,Liu, Mingfei,Yang, Lei,Zhang, Yujun,Liu, Meilin The Korean Electrochemical Society 2010 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.1 No.1

$La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}Co_{0.2}Fe_{0.8}O_{3-\delta}$ (LSCF) powders with different particle sizes, synthesized through a citrate complexation method and a gel-casting technique, are used to fabricate porous LSCF cathodes with graded microstructures via tape casting. To create porous electrodes with desired porosity and pore structures, graphite and starch are used as pore former for different layers of the graded cathode. Examination of the microstructures of the as-prepared LSCF cathode using an SEM revealed that both grain size and porosity changed gradually from the catalytically active layer (near the electrodeelectrolyte interface) to the current collection layer (near the electrode-interconnect interface). Impedance analysis showed that a 3-layer LSCF cathode with graded microstructures exhibited much-improved performance compared to that of a single-layer LSCF cathode, corresponding to interfacial resistance of 0.053, 0.11, and 0.27 $\Omega{\cdot}cm^2$ at 800, 750, and $700^{\circ}C$ respectively.

Si–Ge alloys in C2/c phase with tunable direct band gaps: A comprehensive study

Qingyang Fan,Huiqin Wang,Wenzhu Zhang,Mingfei Wei,Yanxing Song,Wei Zhang,Sining Yun 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.12

Si–Ge alloys are a new type of semiconductor material that are of great significance for the development of microelectronic technology, especially in the photoelectricity industry and for thermoelectric conversion in high temperature applications (> 700 K). In the present work, a novel Ge allotrope in the C2/c phase with band gap of 1.102 eV was firstly proposed, which is suitable for the absorption of sunlight. C2/c-Ge are mechanically, dynamically and thermodynamically stable. A series of Si24-xGex alloys (x=0, 8, 16, 24) in the C2/c phase with band gaps of 1.10–1.50 eV are predicted by ab initio calculations at ambient conditions. The Si24-xGex alloys (x=0, 8, 16, 24) in C2/c phase have better absorption ability than that of the Si in diamond, hP12 and oC12 phases. The Si24-xGex alloys in the C2/c phase have the strong absorption in the visible, which have a great impact on the new-generation photovoltaic applications.