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Development and Conflict Sensitivity: A Case Study of the Application of PCIA in Pakistan
Zahid Shahab Ahmed 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2015 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.3 No.2
Since the mid-1990s the development community has focused significant attention on the potential and actual impact of development interventions on conflict resolution and peacebuilding in conflict-ridden and post-conflict zones. This has included the formulation and deployment of diverse concepts and tools of conflict sensitivity, including Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment (PCIA). Over the last 15 years the intent and application of PCIA has varied across the world. Mindful of this diversity, this article draws lessons from the application of PCIA in Pakistan, arguing that context-specific lessons are required to inform and shape the next phase of PCIA’s development and application, thus ensuring that it is increasingly beneficial to all stakeholders.
An investigation of the effect of alkaline oxides on porcelain tiles using factorial design
Zahide Bayer Ozturk 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2012 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.13 No.5
In this study, the effect of alkaline oxides (MgO, CaO, Na2O and K2O) was investigated in porcelain tile compositions. Talc (MgO) and dolomitic clay (CaO, MgO) were added to porcelain tile compositions instead of feldspar (Na2O, K2O). In the experiments 21 × 32 mixed-level factorial design was used, the individual effects of three main factors and their interactions were determined. The effect of the amount of talc (0, 2, 4 wt. %), dolomitic clay (0, 2, 4 wt. %) and firing conditions (1, 2) on porcelain tile properties were examined. Firing shrinkage, water absorption and the strength of samples were studied by means of factorial design. The porosity and bulk density of samples, color measurement and SEM analyses of these samples were also investigated. It was found that the strength increased and water absorption decreased by means of alkaline oxides variation in the porcelain tile body. According to factorial design, it has been found that the amount of dolomitic clay and talc are the main factors affecting the strength, firing shrinkage and water absorption values. It appeared that the magnitude of these properties were dependent on the amount of alkaline-earth oxides (CaO, MgO).
Zahid Hussain 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.4
Taguchi-based experimental design technique has been a major research area for making systematic approaches to understand the complex process of ball mill process parameters influencing on the synthesis of ultrafine silica sand monolayer degradation. To determine an optimal setting, Taguchi coupled optimization technique has been applied with a novel approach as there is no previous work focusing on the synthesis of ultrafine silica sand taking in account the ball milling process parameters and Taguchi coupled optimization techniques. The high-grade silica was milled in planetary ball mill and the selected samples were passed through washing, crushing, dehydrating, meshing and drying operations. The samples were analyzed using Malvern Instruments for particle size distribution. The experiments were conducted as per Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Process parameters were analyzed using the signal-to-noise ratio based on the-smaller-the-better approach. To minimize the effect of uncontrollable variables, The ANOVA results determined the significance of the influential controllable variables so that the variability in the response is small. Optimization results confirmed that the balls to powder weight ratio were the most influential process parameter. The optimum process parameters setting concluded that balls to powder weight ratio are 20:1, the optimum ball mill working capacity is 2 L while the optimum speed of the ball mill is 105 rpm. Using SEM characterization, the improved particles of silica sand presented a spherical shape with a cluster. Using TEM of different structures of the ultrafine silica sand containing asymmetrical characteristics of particles confirmed the solid form of the ultrafine silica sand.
Zahid Ijaz Tarar,Umer Farooq,Mustafa Gandhi,Saad Saleem,Ebubekir Daglilar 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.5
Background/Aims: The safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in hepatic cirrhosis and the impact ofChild-Pugh class on post-ERCP complications need to be better studied. We investigated the post-ERCP complication rates in patientswith cirrhosis compared with those without cirrhosis. Methods: We conducted a literature search of relevant databases to identify studies that reported post-ERCP complications in patientswith hepatic cirrhosis. Results: Twenty-four studies comprising 28,201 patients were included. The pooled incidence of post-ERCP complications in cirrhosiswas 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.8%–19.2%; I2=96.2%), with an individual pooled incidence of pancreatitis 5.1% (95% CI,3.1%–7.2%; I2=91.5%), bleeding 3.6% (95% CI, 2.8%–4.5%; I2=67.5%), cholangitis 2.9% (95% CI, 1.9%–3.8%; I2=83.4%), and perforation0.3% (95% CI, 0.1%–0.5%; I2=3.7%). Patients with cirrhosis had a greater risk of post-ERCP complications (risk ratio [RR], 1.41;95% CI, 1.16–1.71; I2=56.3%). The risk of individual odds of adverse events between cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis was as follows: pancreatitis(RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06–1.48; I2=24.8%), bleeding (RR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.59–2.37; I2=0%), cholangitis (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.77–1.70;I2=12%), and perforation (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.59–2.43; I2=0%). Conclusions: Cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis, bleeding, and cholangitis.
Zahid Hussain,박효진,김혜원,허철웅,이영주 연세대학교의과대학 2017 Yonsei medical journal Vol.58 No.4
Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are common gastrointestinal (GI) diseases; however, there is frequent overlap between FD and IBS patients. Emerging evidence links the activation of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptors with stress-related alterations of gastric and colonic motor function. Therefore, we investigated the effect of peripheral CRF peptide and water avoidance stress (WAS) on upper and lower GI transit in guinea pigs. Dosages 1, 3, and 10 μg/kg of CRF were injected intraperitoneally(IP) in fasted guinea pigs 30 minutes prior to the intragastric administration of charcoal mix to measure upper GI transit. Colonic transits in non-fasted guinea pigs were assessed by fecal pellet output assay after above IP CRF doses. Blockade of CRF receptorsby Astressin, and its effect on GI transit was also analyzed. Guinea pigs were subjected to WAS to measure gastrocolonic transit in different sets of experiments. Dose 10 μg/kg of CRF significantly inhibited upper GI transit. In contrast, there was dose dependentacceleration of the colonic transit. Remarkably, pretreatment of astressin significantly reverses the effect of CRF peptide on GI transit. WAS significantly increase colonic transit, but failed to accelerate upper GI transit. Peripheral CRF peptide significantly suppressed upper GI transit and accelerated colon transit, while central CRF involved WAS stimulated only colonic transit. Therefore,peripheral CRF could be utilized to establish the animal model of overlap syndrome.
Periocular Recognition Using uMLBP and Attribute Features
( Zahid Ali ),( Unsang Park ),( Jongho Nang ),( Jeong-Seon Park ),( Taehwa Hong ),( Sungjoo Park ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.12
The field of periocular biometrics has gained wide attention as an alternative or supplemental means to conventional biometric traits such as the iris or the face. Periocular biometrics provide intermediate resolution between the iris and the face, which enables it to support both. We have developed a periocular recognition system by using uniform Multiscale Local Binary Pattern (uMLBP) and attribute features. The proposed system has been evaluated in terms of major factors that need to be considered on a mobile platform (e.g., distance and facial pose) to assess the feasibility of the use of periocular biometrics on mobile devices. Experimental results showed 98.7% of rank-1 identification accuracy on a subset of the Face Recognition Grand Challenge (FRGC) database, which is the best performance among similar studies.