Evolution of Industrial Agglomeration and Its Causal Relation with Road Networks in the U.S.

Yena Song(송예나),William P. Anderson,T.R. Lakshmanan 대한지리학회 2013 대한지리학회지 Vol.48 No.1

산업집적은 경제지리학에서 오랫동안 연구되어온 주제 중의 하나이며 지금까지 다양한 방법을 통해 산업집적 현상을 설명하고 이의 영향을 평가해왔다. 하지만 시계열 데이터를 이용해 집적의 추이를 살펴본 연구는 아직 활발히 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 지난 29년 간의 데이터를 이용해 사례로 선정된 산업들의 집적 정도를 평가하고 이러한 시계열 패턴과 도로 네트워크의 확장이 어떠한 인과관계를 맺고 있는 지 살펴보고 있다. 집적 정도를 측정한 결과 사례로 선정된 산업의 종사자들은 지리적으로 균등하게 분포되지 않고 있었다. 또한 사례 산업들 간에 공통된 시계열적 변화 특성은 나타나지 않았으나 각 산업의 발전 단계 및 비즈니스 환경 변화가 개별 산업의 집적 정도에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 보이고 있다. 집적 정도와 도로교통망 사이의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 각 산업 별로 Granger causality test를 실시하였고 도로 교통망이 산업 집적에 영향을 주고 있음을 몇몇 사례를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 이와 반대의 경우 혹은 상호 간에 영향을 주는 사례도 나타나 교통망과 산업집적이 보다 복잡한 관계를 맺고 있음을 보여준다. Industrial agglomeration is an old theme in economic geography and many studies have been devoted to this topic. But only few have empirically looked at the time trend of industrial agglomeration. This study measured agglomeration of U.S. industries over last 29 years and measurement results indicated that industrial clustering has occurred during the study period in all study industries without a common time trend shared amongst the study industries. The agglomeration levels then were plugged in to investigate causalities, i.e. causal relations, around industrial agglomeration. Three variables were selected to see causal relations with agglomeration levels based on literatures, and our focus was given to the causality between transport network and agglomeration. Causal relation from transport to agglomeration was found in various industries and this supports the argument that the development of transportation influences industrial agglomeration. At the same time inverse and bi-directional causalities were also revealed implying more complex relationship between these two.

Change of transit equity following subway network expansions in a metropolitan area

Yena Song,Hyun Kim,Keumsook Lee,Kwangwon Ahn 대한지리학회 2017 대한지리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.6

광주광역시 음식점 개폐업과 교통접근성의 상관관계 분석

송예나 ( Yena Song ),장한울 ( Hanwool Jang ),이금숙 ( Keumsook Lee ) 한국경제지리학회 2020 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.23 No.4

In Korea, the proportion of self-employed and unpaid family workers is relatively higher than other OECD countries and the operation periods of their businesses are generally shorter than others. This indicates frequent startups and closures and thus unstable employment status and income, which inevitably generates huge social costs. Restaurants are a representative business that self-employed workers easily enter and their 5-year survival rate is found to be lower than 20%. This is shorter survival period than other business sectors. This study aims to examine the associations of transport accessibility with restaurants’ survival in Gwangju metropolitan area. Convenient location has been known to be a crucial factor for sales improvements and longer operation and such location is closely linked with good transport accessibility. Results from survival analysis on empirical data show that better access to road networks is significantly associated with longer survival of restaurants though subway accessibility is not. This can be explained by low modal share of subway in the study area and at the same time, requires further case studies where more developed and matured subway systems are in operation.

거리 녹지의 정량적 평가와 부동산 가격과의 관계 연구

송예나(Yena Song),안시현(Sihyun An),Hanwool Jang,김화한(Hwahwan Kim),안광원(Kwangwon Ahn) 대한산업공학회 2022 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

지속가능한 교통의 실천 -Connect2 사례 연구-

송예나 ( Yena Song ) 전남대학교 사회과학연구소 2015 현대사회과학연구 Vol.19 No.-

자동차 위주의 통행은 교통체증을 유발할 뿐만 아니라 환경오염, 공중보건에 악영향을 미치는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 경제력이 높아지면서 자동차에 대한 의존이 높아지는 만큼 선진국을 중심으로 이러한 추세를 역전시키고자 노력하고 있으며, 그 일환으로 걷기와 자전거를 도시 내 단거리 통행에 이용하도록 장려하는 정책이 여러 곳에서 시행되고 있다. 본 연구는 영국의 자전거-도보 기반시설 설치 프로젝트인 Connect2가 가져온 효과를 내부 자료와 관련 논문을 이용해 정리한다. Connect2 사업으로 80여 개에 달하는 자전거-도보 기반시설이 신설 혹은 개선되었다. 이를 평가하기 위해 구성된 iConnect 컨소시엄은 기반시설 건설 전, 후에 대규모의 설문을 실시하여 교통, 환경, 공중보건의 측면에서 그 영향을 살펴보았다. Connect2 시설은 그 자체로 통행 행태를 바꿔놓지는 못 하지만 이에 적극적으로 노출된 사람들은 걷기와 자전거 타기를 일상생활에 더많이 이용하였다. 또한 해당 시설에 대한 접근성이 높은 사람들의 경우 시간이 지남에 따라 신체활동량이 늘어난 것으로 나타나 긍정적이 효과를 가져오는 것으로 판단되었다. 이산화탄소 배출량은 의미 있는 변화를 보이지 못 해 기반시설 변경으로 인한 효과가 예상했던 모든 측면에서 나타나지는 않았다. Heavy dependence on the motorized modes has been accused of traffic, environmental pollution and inactive lifestyle. Increased economic status usually leads people to use cars more rather than active modes, such as walking and cycling. Thereby many developed countries try to reduce car uses and thus to attenuate the adverse impacts from the reliance on the motorized travels by accompanying more walking and cycling in people’s daily travels. This study describes the Connect2 project, a sustainable transport that constructs walking and cycling infrastructure in the U.K. and explores the impacts of the project using published papers and inside data. Connect2 initiatives constructed or improved approximately 80 walking and cycling infrastructure. An independent research consortium, iConnect evaluated the process and impacts of the Connect2 by conducting population surveys before-and-after the infrastructure installments. Three aspects, transport, environment and public health, are the main areas of evaluation. Passive exposure to the Connect2 has not changed travel behavior but using it had significant association with the behavior change towards walking and cycling. Also people with higher accessibility to the new or improved infrastructure tended to increase their physical activity whilst those with lower accessibility did not, which indicating positive association between the infrastructure and public health. However, in the environment aspect no statistically significant relation was not noted.

Design of orange-emitting CsPb_0.77Mn_0.23Cl₃ perovskite film for application in optoelectronic device

Song, Young Hyun,Kim, Won Bin,Yoo, Jin Sun,Choi, Seung Hee,Park, Won Kyu,Kim, Yena,Yang, Woo Seok,Yoon, Dae Ho,Jung, Hyun Suk Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.331 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, we first report a fabrication approach for CsPb<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mn<SUB>x</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite film to address stability issues and for application in an optoelectronic device. The CsPb<SUB>0.77</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.23</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite film is applied to a UV LED chip and the conversion efficiency is shown to be 16.2lm/W at less than 20mA. The CsPb<SUB>0.77</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.23</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite film could be utilized as a new application for white LEDs, expanding the range of optical properties of LEDs, which could then be produced with reduced lead content.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We successfully synthesized the CsPb<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mn<SUB>x</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite NCs with a Mn contents. </LI> <LI> Perovskite film showed good water stability when immersed in water. </LI> <LI> The luminous efficacy showed 16.2lm/W under a forward-bias current of 20mA. </LI> </UL> </P>

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Nb-TiO₂ Nanotubes

Song, Yo-Seung,Kim, Yena,Lee, Deuk Yong,Lee, Myung-Hyun,Kim, Bae-Yeon American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.11

<P>Nb-TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by a solgel-derived electrospinning method at calcination temperatures ranging from 500 to 650 C to determine the effects of the calcination temperature on the crystal structure and photocatalytic activity towards methylene blue (MB) degradation. X-ray diffraction indicated that Nb-TiO2 nanotubes were composed of anatase and rutile phases. The crystal structure was maintained regardless of the calcination temperature. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area increased slightly from 73.3 m(2)/g to 76.0 m(2)/g with increasing calcination temperature from 500 C to 550 C, but decreased dramatically to 48.5 m(2)/g at 650 C. MB degradation proceeded via pseudo-first order kinetics; the rate constant decreased from 1.93 x 10(-2) min(-1) to 1.23 x 10(-2) min(-1) with increasing temperature from 500 C to 650 C. The Nb-TiO2 nanotubes calcined at 500 C exhibited the highest level of MB degradation (91%) than that of Nb-TiO2 nanofibers (60%). The experimental results indicated that the best photocatalytic activity was achieved using the Nb-TiO2 nanotubes calcined at 500 C.</P>

The effects of elastic band exercises and nutritional education on frailty, strength, and nutritional intake in elderly women

( Yena Bong ),( Wook Song ) 한국운동영양학회 2020 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.24 No.1

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of elastic band exercises and nutritional education, as well as to identify the factors influencing frailty, strength, and nutritional intake of elderly women. [Methods] The subjects in this study were 30 elderly women who were divided into four groups. All groups agreed to participate in four programs: health educatoin only (HE), elastic band exercises only (EX), nutritional education only (NU), and elastic band exercises plus nutritional education (EX+NU). Frailty was evaluated by measuring the frailty factors according to Fried et al. Leg strength was measured using a leg-extension machine. Nutritional intake was assessed by the 24-hour recall method and food records. Nutritional intake was analyzed by CAN Pro 5.0 program. [Results] After three months, the prevalence of frailty significantly decreased in the EX+NU group (P=0.013) compared with that of the HE group (P=0.088). There was significant improvement in leg strength in both the EX (P=0.012) and EX+NU groups (P=0.003) compared with that of the HE group (EX, P=0.005; EX+NU, P=0.002). The nutritional intake significantly decreased in the EX group compared with that of the HE group (P<0.05, P<0.05). [Conclusion] The combination of elastic exercises and nutrition education had positive effects on frailty and leg strength, while having negative effects on total calories, carbohydrate, sodium, and iron intake in elderly women. Elastic exercises only had positive effects on leg strength while having negative effects on nutritional intake in elderly women.

Spectral Analysis of the Moving System with Multi-object Based on V-system

Ruixia Song,Chenghua Li,Xiaochun Wang,Yena Wang,Yanqing Xu,Dongxu Qi (사)한국CDE학회 2013 한국CAD/CAM학회 국제학술발표 논문집 Vol.2010 No.8

Based on an orthogonal function system over triangular domain, V-system, decomposing orthogonally a moving system with multiple moving objects into V-series, motion state of this moving system at different moment can be expressed in the frequency domain. To make full use of the advantage of the V-system, the capability to precisely express a 3D object group, each moving object is represented by a triangular mesh model, and then the energy curve data for the moving system is calculated by determining the coefficients of the V-series. The energy curve can be applied to the state analysis of the moving system. The relationship of energy curves of a moving system with different triangular mesh resolutions is analyzed. The experiment results show that there exist no strong dependence between energy curve and the resolution of 3D model, so when performing spectral analysis for a moving system, we can choose the model with low resolution, so that the computation can be reduced and the analysis efficiency can be improved. Finally, the mathematic relationship between energy of a moving system and some related variables is obtained by processing a large number of experimental data using the linear regression method. The characteristic of this study is reflected in the whole expression of a 3D model group, and the objects in the group are in motion.

사회적경제 활성화와 사회적경제 교육: 경남과기대 사례를 중심으로

송원근 ( Wonkeun Song ),이예나 ( Yena Lee ) 한국여성경제학회 2020 여성경제연구 Vol.16 No.4

문재인 정부 들어 사회적경제, 사회적가치라는 표현이 강조되고 있고, 정부도 사회적경제와 관련된 정책뿐만 아니라 공기업 평가, 정부혁신의 한 수단으로 사회적가치를 활용하는 데까지 발전하고 있다. 그러나 다른 한편으로 사회적경제, 사회적가치라는 개념에서부터 사회적경제 활성화 관련 정책에 이르기까지 더 많은 검토와 숙고가 필요하다. 특히 사회적경제 활성화 방안 연장선상에서 발표된 사회적경제 인재양성 관련 정책들은 사회적경제 생태계 조성에서 중요한 역할을 하는 만큼 더 깊이있는 연구와 사례 발굴이 중요하다고 할 것이다. 이러한 측면에서 이 글은 현정부의 사회적경제 관련 정책들과, 그중에서도 인력양성과 관련된 정책들은 무엇이 있으며, 그 바탕으로서 사회적경제 혹은 사회적가치에 대한 인식과 방향성을 검토해 본다. 나아가 중장기적으로 생태계 조성에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대되는 인력양성 관점에서 우리나라의 대학(원)의 사회적경제 관련 교육 현황을 정리해본다. 마지막으로는 경남과학기술대학교 사회적경제 교육의 사례를 소개하고, 향후 대학(학부) 교육에서 사회적경제 교육에 대한 시사점을 찾아보고자 한다. For the Moon Jae-in government, social economy and social value are emphasized, and social economy is being used as a means of public enterprise evaluation and government innovation as well as social economy-related policies. However, more consideration is needed, from the concept of social economy(or social value) to policies related to social economy activation. In particular, the social economy human resource development policies announced in the extension of the social economy revitalization plan play an important role in developing a social economy ecosystem. This paper examines the policies related to the workforce training among the social economy-related policies of the current government, based on the recognition and direction of social economy or social value. In the mid to long term, this paper also summarizes the importance of manpower development, especially the social and economic education of universities. Lastly, we would like to introduce social economic education cases of Gyeongnam University of Science and Technology(GNTECH), and find out some implications to future social economy education program.