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Nanoparticles for dendritic cell-based immunotherapy
Tran, Tuan Hiep,Tran, Thi Thu Phuong,Nguyen, Hanh Thuy,Phung, Cao Dai,Jeong, Jee-Heon,Stenzel, Martina H.,Jin, Sung Giu,Yong, Chul Soon,Truong, Duy Hieu,Kim, Jong Oh Elsevier 2018 International journal of pharmaceutics Vol.542 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Crosstalk among immune cells has attracted considerable attention with the advent of immunotherapy as a novel therapeutic approach for challenging diseases, especially cancer, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Dendritic cells—the key antigen-presenting cells—play a pivotal role in immunological response by presenting exogenous epitopes to T cells, which induces the self-defense mechanisms of the body. Furthermore, nanotechnology has provided promising ways for diagnosing and treating cancer in the last decade. The progress in nanoparticle drug carrier development, combined with enhanced understanding of the immune system, has enabled harnessing of anti-tumor immunity. This review focuses on the recent advances in nanotechnology that have improved the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapies, with emphasis on dendritic cell physiology and its role in presenting antigens and eliciting therapeutic T cell response.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
A novel surface-attached carvedilol solid dispersion with enhanced solubility and dissolution
Sung Neung Lee,Bijay Kumar Poudel,Tuan Hiep Tran,Nirmal Marasini,Roshan Pradhan,Young Im Lee,Dong Won Lee,Jong Soo WOO,최한곤,용철순,김종오 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.1
A novel surface-attached, spray-dried soliddispersion containing poorly water-soluble carvedilol (CV)without any change in the crystallinity was prepared usingwater, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) and Tween 80. Thesolid dispersion was optimized by investigating the effectsof the weight ratios of Tween 80/PVP K30 and carrier/drugon the aqueous solubility of CV. The optimum solid dispersionconsisted of a relatively low carrier to drug weightratio: the weight ratio of CV/PVP K30/Tween 80 was 12/4/2. Unlike conventional methods of solid dispersion preparation,this method yielded CV-loaded solid dispersion withno change in the crystallinity of the drug as was evidentfrom SEM, DSC and XRD. It was demonstrated that thesolid dispersions prepared had hydrophilic carriers attachedto the surface of the drug, thus changing it from a hydrophobicto a hydrophilic form without changing the crystallineform. The optimized solid dispersion improved thedrug solubility and dissolution rate by about 11,500-foldand twofold, respectively. It was further suggested that thismethod of solid dispersion preparation is better than conventionalmethods in terms of environmental and industrialstandpoints. Thus, it was concluded that CV-loaded soliddispersion prepared using this method would be of use fordelivering poorly water-soluble CV with enhanced solubilityand dissolution, but without crystalline changes.
( Tuan Hiep Tran ),( Bijay K Poudel ),( Nirmal Marasini ),( Sang Cheol Chi ),( Han Gon Choi ),( Chul Soon Yong ),( Jong Oh Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0
The aim of this study was to improve the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug, raloxifene by solid dispersion (SD) nanoparticles using the spray-drying technique. These spray-dried SD nanoparticles were prepared with raloxifene (RXF), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Tween 20 in water. Reconstitution of optimized RXF-loaded SD nanoparticles in pH 1.2 medium showed a mean particle size of approximately 180 nm. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that RXF existed in an amorphous form within spray-dried nanoparticles. The optimized formulation showed an enhanced dissolution rate of RXF at pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 and distilled water as compared to pure RXF powder. The improved dissolution of raloxifene from spray-dried SD nanoparticles appeared to be well correlated with enhanced oral bioavailability of raloxifene in rats. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic parameters of the spray-dried SD nanoparticles showed increased AUC(0-∞) and C(max) of RXF by approximately 3.3-fold and 2.3-fold, respectively. These results suggest that the preparation of RXF-SD nanoparticles using the spray drying technique without organic solvents might be a promising approach for improving the oral bioavailability of RXF.ⓒ2013 Elsevier B.V.All righrs reserved.
Sang Hoon Lee,Tran Kim Tuan,Jong Kyung Kim 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.2
A modified reconstruction algorithm has been developed for an X-ray luggage inspection modality based on 90 Compton scattering imaging. Incident photon energy E0 of 122.1 keV was used in simulated experiments with MCNP for 5 × 5 × 5 samples and the 90 Compton scattered photon energy E1 is 98.6 keV. In the reconstruction calculation for the total attenuation μt(E1) the least-squares solution was computed for the over-determined system equations of the side detector responses in the simulated experiments. In the reconstruction calculation for photon attenuations at energy E0, μt(E0) and μc(E0), instead of μt(E0) = μc(E0) pproximation which does not hold true for the source energy, the semi-empirical formula μt(E0) = aμt(E1) + bμc(E0) was used and the least-squares solution was computed for μt(E0) and μc(E0) system equations of the detector responses and the semi-empirical formula. Self attenuation correction factors in a simple form were applied in an iterative manner until the factors and reconstruction output are converged. The maximum errors of the reconstruction calculation for a sample with aluminum core and polyethylene matrix were 2.9 % for μt(E0), 1.0 % for μt(E1), and 1.9 % for μc(E0), showing good agreements with theoretical values. The maximum errors for the case with steel core and polyethylene matrix were 10.2 % for μt(E0), 3.3 % for μt(E1), and 20.3 % for μc(E0).
( Sung Neung Lee ),( Beijay Kumar Poudel ),( Tuan Hiep Tran ),( Nirmal Marasini ),( Roshan Pradhan ),( Young Im Lee ),( Dong Won Lee ),( Jong Soo Woo ),( Han Gon Choi ),( Chul Soon Yong ),( Jong Oh Ki 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0
A novel surface-attached, spray-dried solid dispersion containing poorly water-soluble carvedilol (CV) without any change in the crystallinity was prepared using water, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) and Tween 80. The solid dispersion was optimized by investigating the effects of the weight ratios of Tween 80/PVP K30 and carrier/drug on the aqueous solubility of CV. The optimum solid dispersion consisted of a relatively low carrier to drug weight ratio: the weight ratio of CV/PVP K30/Tween 80 was 12/4/2. Unlike conventional methods of solid dispersion preparation, this method yielded CV-loaded solid dispersion with no change in the crystallinity of the drug as was evident from SEM, DSC and XRD. It was demonstrated that the solid dispersions prepared had hydrophilic carriers attached to the surface of the drug, thus changing it from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic form without changing the crystalline form. The optimized solid dispersion improved the drug solubility and dissolution rate by about 11,500-fold and twofold, respectively. It was further suggested that this method of solid dispersion preparation is better than conventional methods in terms of environmental and industrial standpoints. Thus, it was concluded that CV-loaded solid dispersion prepared using this method would be of use for delivering poorly water-soluble CV with enhanced solubility and dissolution, but without crystalline changes.
Electromigration with enhanced green emission in the titanium dioxide nanotube/graphene composite
Tri Tuan Nguyen,Tran Thanh Tung,Dusan Losic,Luu Thi Lan Anh,Le Hong Phuc,Xuan Sang Nguyen 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.10
One of the most studied photoluminescence emission peaks of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) is green, located at about 520 nm, which is assigned to the radiative recombination between a mobile electron in the conduction band and oxygen vacancy defect as a trapped hole in the bandgap. Composite materials of TiO2 with graphene are normally shown by the gradual quenching of photoluminescence intensity as a result of carrier lifetime extension, which is important to enhance photocatalytic activity. Herein we report an observation of the intensity enhancement of the green PL emission in a composite TiO2 nanotube (TNT) and graphene produced through facile hydrothermal synthesis. The heterojunction formation of graphene and TNT makes the excited photoelectrons easy to diffuse from TNT to graphene. Hence, the recombination rate of mobile electrons in graphene and trapped holes located on the nanotube surface is enhanced due to the high mobility of electrons in graphene.
Trinh Tuan Hung,Tran Quang Duy,Sang-Hoon Bae(배상훈) 대한교통학회 2021 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.85 No.-
Safe driving is one of important factors for evaluating the traffic service quality. Almost traffic accident were caused by human errors, which was about 94% according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (Singh, 2015). In order to solve the safe driving problem, autonomous vehicles (AVs) were getting a promising way to reduce accidents, human stress, and emissions (Crayton and Meier, 2017). Moreover, the development of cooperative intelligent transport systems (C_ITS) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) can help to push the AVs in the real environment. Various studies mainly focused on an operation of AVs under mixed traffic environment in which the AVs will share the road with human-driven vehicles. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) is a branch of machine learning, which optimized the reward to generate an appropriate policy for autonomous agents. The Markov decision process (MDP) is an original RL for full observations. In order to address the uncertain environment, the partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) was applied for the partial observation MDP, such as traffic signal control (Manniona et al., 2015) and roundabout(Garc Cuenca et al., 2019).
Computational Approach to Estimate Functional Significance of Stenotic Lesion of Coronary Artery
Duc Minh Tran(쩐득민),Minh Tuan Nguyen(웬민투안),Hyoung Gwon Choi(최형권),Hyuk-Jae Chang(장혁재),Sang-Wook Lee(이상욱) 대한기계학회 2017 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11
Computed tomographic (CT) angiography often overestimates the significance of stenotic lesion of coronary and it leads to a need for functional diagnostic measurements. Currently, invasive pressure-wire-based fractional flow reserve (FFR) is becoming the standard of reference for assessing the physiological significance of coronary stenoses in clinical decisions regarding revascularization and exhibits favorable outcomes in identifying the ischemia-causing stenosis. A noninvasive approach for FFR prediction based on computational fluid dynamics with CT angiography was developed. Since the hemodynamic conditions in distal vascular beds highly affects the coronary flow structures, it is necessary to incorporate zero-dimensional (0D) lumped parameter network (LPN) model for coronary microvascular flow by coupling with 3D CFD simulation. This demonstrated high diagnostic and prognostic accuracy with a reduction of adverse events. MPI parallel algorithm based on domain decomposition method was applied for the 3D-0D coupled model of coronary flow dynamics simulations in a monolithic approach. In this paper, we introduce the development of clinically practical computational tool to estimate physiological significance of stenotic lesion of coronary with aims of accelerating clinical outcomes, basically by bench to bedside approach.