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Efficiency measurement of selected international ports using aggregated performance index
CHOU Ming-tao,LEE Hsuan-shih 한국해운물류학회 2004 해운물류연구 Vol.43 No.-
In this paper, we propose the Aggregated Performance Index method. This study applies Aggregated Performance Index to provide an efficiency measurement for international ports. The Aggregated Performance Index technique is powerful in resolving the measurement of port efficiency and ranking of port, because Aggregated Performance Index has been applied to analyze the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) in a set of multiple inputs and multiple outputs, and don't require an explicit a priori determination of relationships between outputs and inputs. Using multidimensional scaling (MDS) process, we adjustment and present an alternative that is theoretically and practically superior to the most common methods proposed in the past papers, especially in the DMUs measure field. This method overcomes the problem of Data Envelopment Analysis method which can neither rank efficiency of ports nor show the real efficiency distance of DMUs. Thus, the Aggregated Performance Index method is useful in wide array of Australian and other international ports' ranking.Finally this Aggregated Performance Index method is applied to the ranking of 16 international ports. As a result, five ports, the port of Melbourne, the port of Osaka, the port of Zeebrugge, the port of Brisbane, and the port of Fremantle are found to be the most inefficient ports. Six other international ports, the port of Tanjung Priok, the port of Hamburg, the port of Sydney, the port of Tilbury, the port of Yokohama, and the port of La Spezia, which are found to be efficient ports. The port of Singapore, the port of Hong Kong, the port of Felixstowe, the port of Rotterdam, and the port of Keelung are found to be the most efficient ports.
Efficiency Measurement of Selected International Ports using Aggregated Performance Index
( Ming Tao Chou ),( Hsuan Shih Lee ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2004 해운물류연구 Vol.41 No.-
In this paper, we propose the Aggregated Performance Index method. This study applies Aggregated Performance Index to provide an efficiency measurement for international ports. The Aggregated Performance Index technique is powerful in resolving the measurement of port efficiency and ranking of port, because Aggregated Performance Index has been applied to analyze the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) in a set of multiple inputs and multiple outputs, and don`t require an explicit a priori determination of relationships between outputs and inputs. Using multidimensional scaling (MD5) process, we adjustment and present an alternative that is theoretically and practically superior to the most common methods proposed in the past papers, especially in the D MUs measure field. This method overcomes the problem of Data Envelopment Analysis method which can neither rank efficiency of ports nor show the real efficiency distance of DMUs. Thus, the Aggregated Performance Index method is useful in wide array of Australian and other international ports` ranking. Finally this Aggregated Performance Index method is applied to the ranking of 16 international ports. As a result, five ports, the port of Melbourne, the port of Osaka, the port of Zeebrugge, the port of Brisbane, and the port of Fremantle are found to be the most inefficient ports. Six other international ports, the port of Tanjung Priok, the port of Hamburg, the port of Sydney, the port of Tilbury, the port of Yokohama, and the port of La Spezia, which are found to be efficient ports. The port of Singapore, the port of Hong Kong, the port of Felixstowe, the port of Rotterdam, and the port of Keelung are found to be the most efficient ports.
Zhai, Cong,Chou, Xiujian,He, Jian,Song, Linlin,Zhang, Zengxing,Wen, Tao,Tian, Zhumei,Chen, Xi,Zhang, Wendong,Niu, Zhichuan,Xue, Chenyang Elsevier 2018 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.231 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There is plenty of exploitable energy in the ambient environments. Triboelectric nanogenerator is an innovative electricity generation technology to convert the wasted mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the output of conventional triboelectric nanogenerators cannot be employed efficiently because their tremendous internal resistance limits the current of electrons. Inspired by the principle of lightning rods, for the first time we propose the utilization of electrostatic discharge to improve the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators, which is realized by an opposite needles structure enclosed in an inert atmosphere. When this structure is connected in series with a vertical contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator, the strong electric field near tips of two needles ionizes the gas around them, forming a conductive plasma channel between the tips, and releasing a mass of free charges. As a result, some exciting performances are obtained in triboelectric nanogenerator. The output peak-to-peak voltage is increased from 300 V to 1300 V, and the equivalent impedance of energy harvesting circuit is reduced from 100 MΩ to 10 kΩ. Especially in the optimal conditions, the maximum continuous power can even be significantly improved by 330.76%. Therefore, this work provides a new strategy for the energy conversion technology, which is significant for the advancement and application of triboelectric nanogenerators.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A strategy is proposed to improve the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. </LI> <LI> The maximum continuous power can be boosted dramatically by electrostatic discharge. </LI> <LI> This design reduces the optimal impedance that is important for circuit matching. </LI> <LI> With this design triboelectric nanogenerators can directly drive low-power devices. </LI> <LI> This work is also significant for macro-energy conversion, such as ocean energy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Hu, Zhe,Liu, Qiannan,Zhang, Kai,Zhou, Limin,Li, Lin,Chen, Mingzhe,Tao, Zhanliang,Kang, Yong-Mook,Mai, Liqiang,Chou, Shu-Lei,Chen, Jun,Dou, Shi-Xue American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.42
<P>Dual ion batteries based on Na<SUP>+</SUP> and PF<SUB>6</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> received considerable attention due to their high operating voltage and the abundant Na resources. Here, cheap and easily obtained graphite that served as a cathode material for dual ion battery delivered a very high average discharge platform (4.52 V vs Na<SUP>+</SUP>/Na) by using sodium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate as electrolyte. Moreover, the all-carbon dual ion batteries with graphite as cathode and hard carbon as anode exhibited an ultrahigh discharge voltage of 4.3 V, and a reversible capacity of 62 mAh·g<SUP>-1</SUP> at 40 mA·g<SUP>-1</SUP>. Phase changes have been investigated in detail through in situ X-ray diffraction and in situ Raman characterizations. The stable structure provides long life cycling performance, and the pseudocapacitance behavior also demonstrates its benefits to the rate capability. Thus, dual ion batteries based on sodium chemistry are very promising to find their applications in future.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Xi-yuan Zheng,Chang-hong Wang,Zi-jia Zhang,Gui-xin Chou,Tao Wu,Xue-mei Cheng,Zheng-tao Wang 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.9
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) currently form the basis of the newest drugs available for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. For the aim of screening effective AChEIs, the methanol extracts of the seeds of genus Peganum were found to show significant inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) using an in vitro TLC-bioautographic assay. In further studies to seed of P. nigellastrum Bunge, activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two new alkaloids nigellastrine Ⅰ (9) and nigellastrine Ⅱ (10), and along with eight known alkaloids, vasicinone (1), vasicine (2), harmine (3), deoxyvasicinone (4), deoxyvasicine (5), harmaline (6), harmol (7), harman (8), in which harmol and harman were first isolated from species P. nigellastrum Bunge. As active constituents, all compounds showed good inhibitory activities against AChE. The results of in vitro semi-quality TLC-bioautographic assay showed that harmine, harmaline and harmol displayed a similar AChE inhibitive activities comparing to galanthamine. These results indicated that these alkaloids in P. nigellastrum Bunge could be a potent class of AChEIs.
Yi Zhang,Yanjun Ding,Zhansong Wu,Liang Kong,Tao Chou 한국화학공학회 2007 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.24 No.6
empirical model to predict the boiler efficiency and pollutant emissions was developed with artificialneural networks based on the experimental data on a 360 MW W-flame coal fired boiler. The temperature of the furnacewas selected as an intermediate variable in the hybrid model so that the predictive precision of NOx emissions was en-hanced. The predictive precision of the hybrid model was operational objects were proposed in order to minimize the fuel and environmental costs. Based on the neural networkmodel and optimal objects, a genetic algorithm was employed to seek real-time solution every 30 seconds. Optimummanipulated variables such as excess air, primary air and secondary air were obtained under different optimal objects.The above algorithm interconnected with a distributed control system (DCS) formed the supervisory control and achievedreal-time coordinated optimization control of utility boilers.
Angel Chao,Yi-Hao Lin,Lan-Yan Yang,Ren-Chin Wu,Wei-Yang Chang,Pi-Yueh Chang,Shih-Cheng Chang,Chiao-Yun Lin,Huei-Jean Huang,Cheng-Tao Lin,Hung-Hsueh Chou,Kuan-Gen Huang,Wen-Ling Kuo,Ting-Chang Chang,Ch 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.3
Objective: The characteristics of patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies and the pathogenic role of BRCA1/2 mutations remain poorly understood. We investigated these issues through a review of hospital records and nationwide Taiwanese registry data, followed by BRCA1/2 mutation analysis in hospital-based cases. Methods: We retrospectively retrieved consecutive clinical records of Taiwanese patients who presented with these malignancies to our hospital between 2001 and 2017. We also collected information from the Data Science Center of the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) between 2007 and 2015. Next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification were used to identify BRCA1/2 mutations and large genomic rearrangements, respectively. When BRCA1/2 mutations were identified in index cases, pedigrees were reconstructed and genetic testing was offered to family members. Results: A total of 12,769 patients with breast cancer and 1,537 with ovarian cancer were retrieved from our hospital records. Of them, 28 had metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies. We also identified 113 cases from the TCR dataset. Eighteen hospital-based cases underwent BRCA1/2 sequencing and germline pathogenic mutations were detected in 7 patients (38.9%, 5 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2). All BRCA1/2 mutation carriers had ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas. Of the 12 patients who were alive at the time of analysis, 5 were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. All of them had family members with BRCA1/2-associated malignancies. Conclusions: Our results provide pilot evidence that BRCA1/2 mutations are common in Taiwanese patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies, supporting the clinical utility of genetic counseling.