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Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis(EDAS) using Occipital Artery in Children with Moyamoya Disease
Choi, In-Jae,Hong, Seok-Ho,Cho, Byung-Kyu,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Kim, Seung-Ki The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2005 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.38 No.6
Objective : Although an encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis procedure using the superficial temporal artery [STA-EDAS] is an effective indirect bypass method in children with moyamoya disease[MMD], there is still a need for an additional bypass operation that can cover the area of the posterior circulation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the EDAS procedure using the occipital arteries [OA-EDAS]. Methods : From August 2003 to April 2004, We performed OA-EDAS in sixteen patients with MMD who have a circulatory insufficiency in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery[PCA]. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. The surgical outcomes, including the changes in neurological status and imaging studies, with the degree of neovascularization on the cerebral angiogram, and the hemodynamic changes on single-photon emission computed tomography[SPECT], were analyzed. Results : These 16 children consisted of 5 boys and 11 girls aged 2 to 9 years. The clinical outcome of their PCA symptoms, such as visual transient ischemic attacks[TIAs] or visual field defect, was favorable in 14 patients of 16. Nine patients of 11 who underwent follow up magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] showed favorable MRI changes. On angiogram most of the patients exhibited good or fair revascularization of the PCA territory [7 of 8]. The hemodynamic changes on SPECT in the PCA territory after surgery showed improved vascular reserve in 13 of the 16 territories. Conclusion : OA-EDAS is a safe and efficacious revascularization procedure in patients with MMD who have compromised cerebral perfusion in PCA territory, or with visual TIAs.
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학술정보원을 기초로 한 대학도서관 조직구조 방안 연구 : 한양대학교 신축도서관을 모델로 하여
조왕근,임승규,장세경,홍용표,박신흥 漢陽大學校 人文科學大學 1997 人文論叢 Vol.27 No.-
The dramatic change of environment in modern society demands the organization of library not only to have flexibility but also to seek a method to increase th efficiency in management through the innovation of organization and structure. Moreover, if we look into the functions of university library from the view of achieving educational goals of university efficiently, the library can be evaluated as a major indicator for the improvement of university education. Therefore, the organization and structure of the library became the subject to be more moderately card. If the prerequistie of informationized society is that all users should be able to access the information they want, university library should come out of past system and change to new one that is appropriate for informationized society. Uncertainty and dramatic change surrounding the library such as change in scale of library, automatization, progress in the technology of information, diversification of user's demand, and environment of organization more deadly required strategies for existence. In this period of changing , the most important factor for the existence of organization is to establish the flexibility organization. This is the time to search for the system that can create the ability to handle new works in a new way. The contents of the research reports derived from this purpose and necessity are summarized as follows. Firstly, it is necessary to establish an Academic Information Center which integrates all sectors related to the academic information within the university in order to increase the efficiency of the operation of organization and to systematize and unify the management of information. Academic Information Center should be established based on the total diagnoses of business management so as to improve relationships and managerial harmony among related sectors, by unifying similar works and strengthening independent ones through the analysis of characteristics and specialization of sectors. Secondly, functions of present library should be changed preparing for informationized society as academic information building, which is information oriented library. Environmental changes around library such as the change of information type, development in the technology of information, diversification of user's demand, and specialization of knowledge system became uncertain and diverse, so it is incapable for the existing library system to accept and service this. Therefore, present library should come out of the existing systems and change into new academic information building, which is information oriented library, in order to accept changes of information environment and to provide highly qualified services. Thirdly, horizontal expert teams which came out of existing vertical structure should be introduced ot achieve objectives of library efficiently and to consider organizational system as strategy for promoting the useful development of information services and resource, and for confronting changes of information environment. For library to play a leading part in supporting academic information, and to provide services according to increasing amount of information and subdivision of studies, it should train efficient professionals based on integrated human action system. For this team organization, which can devise systematization of information, is ideal. Team organization should classify one room library's subject service team and special management team, which can search for specialization by subject, to establish specialization of business and make a base for institutionalizing librarian faculty. Subject specialized human resources which composed of professors and graduate students should be utilized as assistance or consultant to assist and support librarian's subject specialization in each team. Fourth, Vice-Director should be institutionalized to appoint expert librarian, so that vice-director would assist director by taking charge of substantial academic information building business and modulating overall matters of coordinating committee. Fifthly, to actively cope with the changes of library and society in informationized society, a specialized system should be established which is able to sep up the range of librarian's specialization and expertise. Before establishment of librarian's specialied character, systematic plan should be decided through laying a foundation for settlement of Independent job class, Regulation of job, and institutionalization of faculty librarians, and business program according to the subject should be arranged making business possible to gain thorough knowledge and flexible operation of business. Moreover, domestic and oversea educational training program should be supported in order to experience the current library system, the change of society, the form of information service, to improve substantial linguistic ability, and to understand and apply current and actual situation of foreign library.
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Wang, Chang-Hong,Cheng, Xue-Mei,He, Yu-Qi,White, Kenneth N.,Bligh, S.W.Annie,Branford-White, Christopher J.,Wang, Zheng-Tao 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.9
The pharmacokinetics in rats of gentiopicroside (GPS) from orally administered decoctions of Radix Gentianae (DRG) and Gentiana macrophlla (DGM) were compared with that of GPS alone administered at 150 mg/kg orally and 30 mg/kg intravenously. The metabolic profile of GPS after intravenous injection could be fitted to two-compartment model whereas oral administration decoctions DRG or DGM, or GPS alone, could all be fitted to a one-compartment model. After oral administration of GPS alone, GPS was absorbed quickly and reached a maximum plasma concentration ($C_{max}$) value, 5.78 ${\pm}$ 2.24 ${\mu}g/mL$ within 0.75 ${\pm}$ 0.62 h. The plasma level of GPS declined with a $T_{1/2ke}$, 3.35 ${\pm}$ 0.76 h. After oral administration of decoctions DRG and DGM, GPS was absorbed and reached significantly higher maximum concentrations of 10.53 ${\pm}$ 3.20 ${\mu}g/mL$ (p < 0.01) and 7.43 ${\pm}$ 1.64 ${\mu}g/mL$ (p < 0.05) at later time points 1.60 ${\pm}$ 0.76 (p < 0.01) and 2.08${\pm}$0.74 h (p < 0.05), for DRG and DGM respectively, compared with oral GPS alone. Significantly larger AUC values were found for decoctions of GPS (83.49 ${\pm}$ 20.8 ${\mu}g{\cdot}h/mL$ for DRG and 59.43 ${\pm}$ 12.9 ${\mu}g{\cdot}h/mL$ for DGM) compared with oral GPS alone (32.67 ${\pm}$ 12.9 ${\mu}g{\cdot}h/mL$. The results demonstrate that the bioavailability of GPS was markedly improved when administered as a decoction than as purified GPS. The decoction from Radix Gentianae provided 2.5 times better bioavailability and that from Gentiana macrophlla 1.8 times higher. The study confirms the importance of careful pharmacokinetic analysis in the characterization of herbal medicines when applied for future clinical applications.
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Remote Sensing Image Fusion Based On IHS and Dual Tree Compactly Supported Shearlet Transform
Chang Duan,Qihong Huang,Xuegang Wang,Shuai Wang,Hong Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5
This paper presents a novel remote sensing image fusion algorithm, which implements the intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) transform on panchromatic sharpening of multispectral data and the dual-tree compactly supported shearlet transform (DT CSST) during fusion. Shearlet transforms can provide almost optimal representation of the anisotropic features of an image. The spatial domain discrete implementation, the compactly supported shearlet transform (CSST), which represents the directions by dilation operations, are selected in the proposed fusion method. Since most of the prominent features of images, such as edges and regions, have limited sizes in the spatial domain, CSST is very suitable for image fusion. However, the conventional CSST is shift-variant, which causes distortions in fused images. With the embedded dual-tree (DT) sturcture in the CSST, the shift-variant properties can be effectively reduced. Combining the IHS transform and the DT CSST, an effective panchromatic and multispectral image fusion method is proposed in this paper. The experiments’ results suggest that the proposed method extract more spatial information from panchromatic images with less lost in spectral consistency compared to other fusion methods which are based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), à trous wavelet transform, à trous shearlet transform, the dual-tree complex wave transform ( DT CWT), or the Curvelet transform.
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Intense X-ray induced formation of silver nanoparticles stabilized by biocompatible polymers
Wang, Chang-Hai,Liu, Chi-Jen,Wang, Cheng-Liang,Chien, Chia-Chi,Hwu, Y.,Liu, Ru-Shi,Yang, Chung-Shi,Je, Jung-Ho,Lin, Hong-Ming,Margaritondo, G. Springer-Verlag 2009 Applied physics. A, Materials science & processing Vol.97 No.2
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Hong-tao Chang,Xiu-yuan He,Yu-Feng Liu,Lu Chen,Quan-hai Guo,Qiu-ying Yu,Jun Zhao,Xin-wei Wang,Xia Yang,Chuan-qing Wang 대한수의학회 2014 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.15 No.3
A recombinant replication-defective adenovirus expressingthe major epitopes of porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) capsidprotein (rAd/Cap/518) was previously constructed and shownto induce mucosal immunity in mice following intranasaldelivery. In the present study, immune responses induced byintranasal immunization with a combination of rAd/Cap/518and cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides(CpG ODN) were evaluated in mice. The levels ofPCV-2-specific IgG in serum and IgA in saliva, lung, andintestinal fluids were significantly higher in the groupimmunized with rAd/Cap/518 and CpG ODN than animalsimmunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. The frequencies ofIL-2-secreting CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cellswere significantly higher in the combined immunizationgroup than mice immunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. Thefrequencies of CD3+, CD3+CD4+CD8−, and CD3+CD4−CD8+T cells in the combined immunization group were similar tothat treated with CpG ODN alone, but significantly higherthan mice that did not receive CpG ODN. PCV-2 load afterchallenge in the combined immunization group wassignificantly lower than that in the phosphate-buffered salineplacebo group and approximately 7-fold lower in the grouptreated with CpG ODN alone. These results indicate thatrAd/Cap/518 combined with CpG ODN can enhance systemicand local mucosal immunity in mice, and represent apromising synergetic mucosal vaccine against PCV-2.
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Wang, Tao,Liu, Chang,Xiong, Yuan-Zhu,Deng, Chang-Yan,Zuo, Bo,Xie, Hong-Tao,Xu, De-Quan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.8
The protein encoded by SLC27A2 gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family, and it converts free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby plays a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. In the present study, SLC27A2 located on human chromosome 15 was selected as candidate gene and we isolated and cloned partial fragments of mRNA sequence and genomic fragments of porcine SLC27A2 gene. The coding region of the gene as determined by alignments shared 90% and 82% identity with human and mouse cDNAs, respectively. Detection in LargeWhite and Meishan breeds showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ($A{\rightarrow}G$) existed in exon 7, which caused corresponding amino acid changed for encoding. In LargeWhite pigs it encoded for Val while in Meishan pigs it encoded for Ile, so we developed the PCR-RFLP genotype method for detection of this polymorphism. Association study in 135 $F_2$ reference family indicated that significant correlation existed between the polymorphism and growth and carcass traits.
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Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Gentiopicroside From Decoction of Radix Gentianae,
Chang-hong Wang,Xue-mei Cheng,Yu-qi He,Kenneth N. White,S. W. Annie Bligh,Christopher J. Branford-White,Zheng-tao Wang 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.9
The pharmacokinetics in rats of gentiopicroside (GPS) from orally administered decoctions of Radix Gentianae (DRG) and Gentiana macrophlla (DGM) were compared with that of GPS alone administered at 150 mg/kg orally and 30 mg/kg intravenously. The metabolic profile of GPS after intravenous injection could be fitted to two-compartment model whereas oral administration decoctions DRG or DGM, or GPS alone, could all be fitted to a one-compartment model. After oral administration of GPS alone, GPS was absorbed quickly and reached a maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) value, 5.78 ± 2.24 µg/mL within 0.75 ± 0.62 h. The plasma level of GPS declined with a T1/2ke, 3.35 ± 0.76 h. After oral administration of decoctions DRG and DGM, GPS was absorbed and reached significantly higher maximum concentrations of 10.53 ± 3.20 µg/mL (p < 0.01) and 7.43 ± 1.64 µg/mL (p < 0.05) at later time points 1.60 ± 0.76 (p < 0.01) and 2.08±0.74 h (p < 0.05), for DRG and DGM respectively, compared with oral GPS alone. Significantly larger AUC values were found for decoctions of GPS (83.49 ± 20.8 µg·h/mL for DRG and 59.43 ± 12.9 µg·h/mL for DGM) compared with oral GPS alone (32.67 ± 12.9 µg·h/mL). The results demonstrate that the bioavailability of GPS was markedly improved when administered as a decoction than as purified GPS. The decoction from Radix Gentianae provided 2.5 times better bioavailability and that from Gentiana macrophlla 1.8 times higher. The study confirms the importance of careful pharmacokinetic analysis in the characterization of herbal medicines when applied for future clinical applications.
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