암환자가 지각한 사회적지지, 희망과 삶의 질과의 관계

태영숙,강은실,이명화,박금자 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2002 전인간호과학연구 학술모음집 Vol.- No.-

The Relationship among Percieved Social Support, Hope and Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Tae, Young Sook. Kong, Eun Sil. Lee, Myung Hwa. Park, Geum Ja The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among percieved social support, hope and Quality of life of the cancer patients and to gain the baseline data for development of nursing intervention program for promoting quality of life in cancer patients. The design of this study was a cross sectional correlational survey. The subjects were 220 out and in-cancer patients in 5 general hospitals in Pusan The data were collected from July 2 to August 1,2001. The instruments were the Percieved social support scale(16 items, 5 point scale) had developed by Tae(1986), Hope scale(12 items, 4point scale) developed by Nowotny(1989) and Quality of life scale(31 items, 10 point scale) developed by Tae et. al(2000). The data was analyzed by the SPSS/PC+ program using frequency & percentage, item mean & standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA & Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of this study was as follows : 1) The item mean score of quality of life was 6.05±1.16 (range 0-10) .The heighest score of subarea of the quality of life was the spiritual wellbeing area (7.09±1.63) and the lowest score was social wellbeing area(5.53±1.65). The mean score of perceived social support was 52.65±10.32 (최고 1, 최저 80). The mean score of family support was32.71±6.66 (range 1- 40) and the mean score of medical team support was 19.93±5.95 (range 1- 40). The mean score of Hope was 37.02±5.64 (range 1-48). 2) There were statistically significant difference in the score of quality of life according to the life effect of religion (F=3.97, p=0.00), treatment method(F=2.94, p=0.01), area of diagnosis (F=3.48, p=0.01), stage of disease (F=13.74, p= 0.00). 3) There was significant correlation between perceived social support(r=0.44, p= 0.000 ; family support: r=0.334, p=0.000, medical support; r=0.395, p=0.000), hope(r=0.563, p= 0.000) and quality of life. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship among perceived social support, hope and quality of life. Therefore perceived social support, hope intervention programs should be developed to improve the quality of life in cancer patients.

콘크리트 포장의 플라이애쉬 재활용 방안연구

정영화,최성용,윤경구,용석응,김태경 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

한국 대부분의 고속도로는 콘크리트로 포장되고 있으며, 플라이애쉬를 포장용 콘크리트에서 재활용하면 콘크리트의 성능을 향상시킴과 동시에 경제적 이익과 환경보호에 큰 기여를 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 플라이애쉬를 포장 콘크리트에 재활용하고자, 플라이애쉬 치환율, 물-시멘트비, 굵은골재 최대치수를 주요실험 변수로 하여 이들이 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장용 콘크리트의 역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 살피기 위해서 실험하여 통계처리 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 포장 콘크리트의 적정배합을 제시하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장콘크리트의 휨강도에 영향을 미치는 인자는 플라이애쉬 치환율이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 다음으로 굵은골재 최대치수와 물-시멘트비 순으로 영향을 미친다. 또한, 플라이애쉬 치환율과 굵은골재 최대치수의 상관관계가 가장 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 목표압축강도를 목표 휨강도의 6배로 선택하여 적정구간을 결정하였으나, 적정배합구간이 목표압축강도에 의해서 결정되었다. 이는 플라이애쉬의 작은 수화물이 공극을 효과적으로 채움으로써 휨강도의 증진에 크게 기여하기 때문으로 판단된다. 고속도로 포장에 적용할 수 있는 32mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 45%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 5.0%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.5%까지 치환 가능하다. 공항 포장에 적용할 수 있는 40mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 37%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 4.5%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.0%까지 치환 가능하다. The most of highway in Korea have been paved by concrete since last ten years. The recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete may result in economics, the improvement of concrete quality and the reservation of environment. This paper focused on the series of experiment and statistics analysis with experimental variables such as fly ash substitute ratio, water-cement ratio and maximum size of coarse aggregate in order to investigate the feasibility of recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete, to see the strength characteristics and t propose the optimum mix design based on previous results. The results of experiments and analysis were follows; The fly ash substitute ratio affected most seriously to the flexural strength of concrete among main variables, followed by maximum size of coarse aggregate and water-cement ratio. The interaction between fly ash substitute ratio and coarse aggregate size was the biggest. The optimum mix design was determined by target compressive, which was selected as 6 times of flexural strength. This indicated that the small hydrate of fly ash in concrete filled in effectively and resulted in the enhancement of flexural strength. the optimum mix design for highway pavement concrete with 32mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 45% of W/C can incorporate up to 5.0% and 2.5% of fly-ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively. The optimum mix design for airport pavement concrete with 40mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 37% of W/C can incorporate up to 4.5% and 2.0% of fly ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively.

넘어짐 방지를 위한 생체역학적 반응

태기식,신화경 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

Dynamic postural control varies with the environmental context, specific task and intentions of the subject. In this paper, dynamic postural responses against forward and backward perturbations were experimentally determined using motion analysis system, electromyography and accelerometers. Ten young healthy volunteers, stood on a flat platform, were translated in forward and backward directions by an AC servo-motor. Joint angles, ground reaction forces(GRFs), electromyography and acceleration patterns at the heel and the sacrum were measured. The results based on the given perturbation showed that the dynamic postural balance recovery against forward-backward perturbations is achieved in the process of the ankle, the knee and then the hip. Joint flexion is important in the balance recovery against the forward perturbation, but joint extension is important against the backward perturbation. These responses depends on the magnitude and timing of the perturbation. From the present study the accelerometry-system appears to be a promising tool for understanding kinematic accelerative in response to a transient platform perturbation.

결핵균 30 kDa 단백항원 자극에 의하여 유도되는 IFN-Y 및 IL-4 mRNA 발현 양상과 세포독성능

백태현,조은경,박재하,박정규,김화중 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

30 kDa protein antigen, a major secreted protein antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, exhibits strong T cell stimulatory activity. In order to better understand the immunologic activities of 30 kDa antigen, lymphocyte proliferation by ^3H-thymidine incorporation, cytokine mRNA expression pattern using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and cytotoxicity in response to in vitro stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with 30 kDa antigen were evaluated. Lymphoproliferative responses to 30 kDa and crude protein antigens in PBMCs of normal PPD-negative and positive donors were compared. As expected, PPD negative donors demonstrated no thymidine incorporation in response to 30 kDa and crude protein antigens, while PPD positive donors showed extensive proliferation to both antigens. Freshly isolated PBMCs were stimulated with 30 kDa antigen for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 hr, 1 wk, and 2 wk and examined for the induction of IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA using RT-PCR. The expression of IFN-γ mRNA was greatly augmented after 1 wk, and there was also early inductions at 6 and 24 hr, whereas IL-4 mRNA is consistently expressed through 0 to 48 hr and markedly decreased after 1 wk. In contrast, freshly isolated human tonsillar cells failed to express detectable level of IFN-γ mRNA but showed enhanced IL-4 mRNA expression after in vitro stimulation with 30 kDa antigen for 1 wk. Both natural killer (NK) and T cell cytotoxic activities induced by 30 kDa and crude antigens were also evaluated. PBMCs from PPD positive donors stimulated with 30 kDa antigen showed significantly higher NK and T cell cytotoxic activities than those in PPD negative donors. Crude antigen also induced similar level of cytotoxicity with that of 30 kDa antigen. These results suggest that 30 kDa antigen of M. tuberculosis may selectively activate Th1 cells and be a strong inducer of IFN-γ expression. In conclusion, 30 kDa antigen can be used as a standard T cell immunogen.

ASA시스템을 이용한 합병정화조의 개선 및 경제성 평가에 대한 연구

강용태,김화석 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.25 No.2

Most of existing combined septic tanks of household wastewater and night soil have been treating medium or small scale domestic wastewater by means of activated sludge process. But this process is mainly organics-removed process such as BOD and SS. So nitrogen and phosphorus which is the main issues of eutrophication are not properly treated in this process. Therefore, in order to treat nitrogen and phosphorus stably, in this study, retrofical combined septic tank including sludge stabilization basin is applied to a small domestic wastewater treatment facility and treatment efficiencies of organic matter and nutrients and economics in this process are investigated. As a initial operation results of Activated Sludge(AS) process and Advanced Step Aeration(ASA) process applied as combined septic tank, SS and COD removals in ASA process compared to AS reached the steady state in a short term. T-N and T-P removals in ASA process is from fifteen to twenty percent higher than those of AS process. Results investigating the economics of ASA process have it that in case of comercializing ASA process as a small treatment plant(such as FRP tank) it is described that ASA process is to be saved to the degree of from ten to fifty percent in compared with other methods.

한국기업의 대중국 직접투자 위험관리에 관한 연구

박태석,김계화 東國專門大學 2002 金龜論叢 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구에서는 해외직접 투자 위험을 일반적 환경위험, 산업위험, 기업특성위험 등 세가지로 나누어서 이론적인 기초를 제공하고 이러한 세가지의 변수를 독립변수로 간주하여 종속변수인 투자위험에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 가에 대해서 실증적으로 분석하였다. 더 나아가 일반적 환경위험 중 경제적인 위험, 정치적인 위험, 이전위험, 그리고 경쟁위험이 투자위험과의 관계를 검증하고 기업특성 위험에서는 운영상의 위험, 소유요인으로 인한 위험 그리고 진입요인으로 인한 위험과 투자위험과의 관계를 실증적으로 분석하여 대중국 직접투자를 실시하려는 한국기업들에 대한 경영상의 의사결정에 도움을 주려고 한다.

방사선 조사 건고사리의 수화 복원성, 색상 및 조직감 특성

성태화,허옥순,김미리 동아시아식생활학회 2005 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The gamma irradiation effect of dried fernbraken was investigated on the physical and sensory qualities during and after soaking process. Dried fernbraken packaged in vacuum was irradiated up to 7 kGy with γ-ray produced by 132 Cs at 0℃. Moisture content and rehydration rate of gamma-irradiated fernbraken after soaking increased significantly depending on the irradiation doses(p<0.05). Lightness(L), redness(a) and yellowness(b) values of Hunter color system increased significantly in the gamma-irradiated fernbraken after soaking, compared with control, while the hardness and chewiness by the texture analyser decreased significantly in irradiated ones. Sensory evaluation results showed that the mean scores of flavor, appearance, taste, texture and over-all acceptability in soaked fernbraken irradiated were not significantly different from those in control, except higher preference score of texture in irradiated ones. From these results, it might be concluded that the irradiation does not affect the physical and sensory qualities of dried fembraken during and after soaking, especially in texture.

자궁외 위치한 자궁내장치 1예

이태화,김성한 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Intrauterine devices(IUDs) remain one of the main methods of choice for birth control over the world, especially in developing countries. Uterine perforation is a rarely observed complication. A misplaced intrauterine device can migrate to various positions in the pelvic or intra-abdominal cavity, which may cause a range of complications and morbidities. The currently accepted treatment of choice for IUDs is its removal by surgical laparoscopy or laparotomy. We report one case with misplaced IUD in the omentum, followed by a review of literature.

衛星都市의 硏究(Ⅱ) : 慶山邑의 都市化 Urbanization of Kyoˇngsan Uˇp

朴泰和 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.42 No.-

The town of Kyo˘ngsan(Kyo˘ngsan-Uˇp), which is 15.6Km from city of Taegu, is a typical satellite city of Taegu metropolitan area. This study is to view the Urbanizing process of Kyo˘ngsan-Uˇp relating to Taegu City in terms of its history. The data for this study include the existing records, interviews, and questionaires, The results drawn from this observation are as follows; 1) Prior to 1910 : Until the Koryo˘ period, Kyo˘ngsan had grown to an independent administrative town, which outranked Taegu. In the middle period of the Yi dynasty(1601), however, as Taegu became the provincial capital of Kyo˘ngsang Province, it belonged to the city. The growth of Kyo˘ngsan had been stagnant by the negative impact of Taegu. 2) During the Japanese Rule(1910-'45) : With the construction of the Kyo˘ngbu Railrod passing Taegu and Kyo˘ngsan in 1905 and the appearance of commuting population, Kyo˘ngsan began to develop into a satellite city. Also, with the dwelling of the Japanese people and the resulting taking-out of agricultural products and taking-in of consumer goods, Kyo˘ngsan grew to be a commercial city. 3) After Liberation(1945-'85) : Until the 1960's, Kyo˘ngsan had been a garden city, located in the suburb agricultural area of Taegu, which cultivated apple. At the time, it was at an initial stage of the satellite city and, accordingly, the growth of the city was moderate. Since the 1970's, Taegu has developed into a metropolis having one million population and moved some factories and colleges to neighboring kyo˘ngsan. The latter city has rapidly grown to a satellite city by the positive impact of Taegu, As a result, built-up areas expanded and the zoning of internal structures accelerated, and therefore, the urbanization has remarkably been in progress. This is because Kyo˘ngsan Up has the optimum site and situation as a satellite city of Taegu.

구간 분할 제어를 이용한 형상기억합금 와이어의 온도제어에 관한 연구

정상화,김주환,김태호,서호진,박진완 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2007 機械技術硏究 Vol.10 No.1

The key technology of robot is the design of the actuator. Particularly breakthroughs of power-to-weight ratio or energy-density III actuator technology have significant impacts upon the design and the control of robotic systems. To realize the anthropomorphic motion, artificial muscles such as shape memory alloy(SMA) and electro active polymer(EAP) are used. These actuators have the higher energy density than the electromechanical actuators such as the electric motor. The EAP has the property of good elasticity, but it is difficult to get the required power. The SMA has the good power density and simple structure, but the control scheme of the actuator is difficult. In this paper, temperature control of SMA wire using segment control is studied. The SMA wire is segmented by thermo-electric module(TEM). To supply constant currents in TEMs, MOSFET is used. Hysteresis in one segment of SMA wire is evaluated. The force and displacement of SMA wire are measured according to the number of segment. The program to control the temperature of TEM is developed by using LabVIEW software.